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[176] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1. Reflection of vertex point A about the perpendicular
bisector of AB represents the vertex B
and B C vertex points are (2 , 1) and (2 , 1)
Now
2 2 1
1
2 1 1
2
2 1 1
ABC

A =

Apply
2 2 3
R R R +
( )
1
2( 1 4)
2
A = +
3 A = Square units
2. Points A and B are (3 , 0) and (0 , 2) respectively
similarly , ( , 0) and (0, ) P a Q b
Now , locus of orthocentre of
ARB A
is same as that of
locus of R.
( ) BP AQ
As AB subtend on angle of 90 at R , locus of R circle
with AB as diameter
from figure , locus of 'R' is ( 3) ( 2) 0 x x y y + =
2 2
3 2 0 x y x y + =
3.
PQR A is equilateral and PS QR
1 4
cos30
15 5
l l = =
4. Minimum distance between lines 2 5 =
PQ is perpendicular to the given parallel lines
line PQ is
7 1
4 2
y
x

1
( 7) ( 4) 0
2
y x =
1
2
k = .
5. | | PA PB AB s
| | PA PB is maximum if A , P and B are
collinear
Let point 'P' be
1 2
,
3

| |
|
\ .
Slope of AB= slope of AP
1 2
0
2 0
3
0 2 2

+
+

=

7 =
is (7, 5) P
Chapter No -23 ( Straight Lines )
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[177] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
6.
Let angle of inclination of variable line be
1 1
is ( cos , sin ) A r r
If A lies on
1 1
10, then ( sin ) ( cos ) 10 y x r r = + = +
1
10
(sin cos )
r

=

Similarly
2
20
(sin cos )
r

=

Let be , where cos and sin OP r r h r k = =

Now ,
2 1 1
OP OA OB
= +
1 2
2 1 1
r r r
= +
2 sin cos sin cos
10 20 r

= +
40 3 (sin ) 3 (cos ) r r =
3 3 40 k h =
Locus of P is 3y 3x =40
7. ( 2 ) ( 3 ) 0 p q x p q y p q + + + =
( 1) (2 3 1) 0 p x y q x y + + + =
( 1) (2 3 1) 0 x y x y + + + =
fixed point is
2 3
,
5 5
| |
|
\ .
8.
from figure , A , B , C and D are concylic points
( )( ) ( )( ) OA OC OB OD =
1 2
1 2
1 2
( )( )
C C
C C
m m
| || |
=
| |
\ .\ .
1 2
1 mm =
9.
from figure ,
2 2
( ) 6
r
OA r =
6 sum =
( 1)(2 1)
.
6
n n n + +
3 2
(2 3 ) n n n = + +
10.
2 2
(4 ) 0and (2 ) 0 a a a a > <
2 2
(4 )(2 ) 0 a a a a <
2
(4 )(2 ) 0 ( 4)( 2) 0 a a a a a < <
2 4 a < <
(2, 4) a e
11. Given lines are 1, 1
(1 ) (1 )
y x y x
p p q q
= =
+ +
and
0. y=
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[178] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
Let the or thocentre be (h , k)
12.

for , ABC A maximumarea
1
( )
2 2
AC
AC
| |
=
|
\ .
max
1 5
(5)
2 2
| |
A =
|
\ .
=6.25 Square units.
If
6 ABC A =
Square units then four locations are
possible for point B. (As shown in figure)

13.
2 2; 4 2 AB BC = =
: 1: 2 AD DC =
5 14
point ,
3 3
D
| |

|
\ .
Equation of BD is
14
2
2 8
3
5
1
1
2
y
x

= =
+
+
8
1 =
3 y x = +
14.
from figure ,
1
tan
2
=
Let slope of line through (2 , 3) be m
1 2
2 1 2
m
m
+
=

|2 1| |2 4| m m = + ...(i)
2 1 2 4 m m =
3
4 3
4
m m = =
In equation (i) , if m then also it is satisfied
3
or
4
m =
3 1
2
y
x k
| |
=
|

\ .
4
or
3
k O =
15. Let slope of side BC be 'm' BC is equally inclined with
AB and AC
1 7
1 1 7
m m
m m
+
=
+
( 3)(3 1) 0 m m + =
1
3or
3
m =
Side BC can be given by :
10 1
3or
1 3
y
x
+
=

3 7 0or 3 31 0 y x y x + + = + =
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[179] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
16. Let angle of inclination of L =0 be ' '
from figure ,
6 6
1 cos , 2 sin
3 3
Q
| |
+ +
|
|
\ .
As Q lies on the line x +y =4
( )
6
3 cos sin 4
3
+ + =
3
cos sin
6
+ =
3
sin
4 2

| |
+ =
|
\ .
15 or 75 =
17. 5 2 9 and 3 x y kx y + = + =
point of intersection
3 15 9
,
5 2 5 2
k
P
k k
| |

|

\ .
3
5 2k
=

If , 5 2 1or 3 I k e =
2, 3, 1, 4 k =
18. Lines (1) and (3) are parallel , hence k e
19.
2 2 2 2
( 4 ) ( 3 ) 0 x x y y + =
2 2
4 0 and 3 0 x x y y = =
0; 4 and 0, 3 x y = =
Vertices of rectangle ABCD can be given by :
(0, 0) , (0, 3) , (4, 0) and (4, 3)

Let line by
2
x
y C = +
( ) 2 , 0 and (6 2 , 3) Q C P C
Now area (AQPD)
1
(6 2 2 )(3)
2
C C =
3 1
(6 4 ) 6
2 2
C C = =
Required lineis 2 1 y x = +
20.
2 and 1
PQ
PQ m = =
Now , by parametric form of straight line ,
3 2
2
cos(105 ) sin(105 )

= =

2cos(105 ) 3 ; 2sin(105 ) 2 = + = +
1 3 3 1
3 ; 2
2 2 2 2

| | | |
= = + +
| |
| |
\ . \ .
7 3 5 3
2 2 16 3
2 2

| | | |
+
= = +
| |
| |
\ . \ .
21.
1 2 2 3 3 1
0 L L L L L L + + = ... (i)
(a) 0; 0 = =
1 2 3 1 1 2 3
0 ( ) 0 L L L L L L L + = + =
equation represent pair of lines.
(b) 0; 0 = =
Pair of lines
(c) equation represent circle for unique real value of
and , hence option
(d) is correct
22. If any two lines are parallel , then triangle is not formed
Now ,
1 2 3
5 1 3
, ;
2 3
m m m

= = =
3 5 6
2 5

= = ...(i)
or
3 1
9
3

= =
...(ii)
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[180] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
If three lines are concurrent , then also triangle is not
formed
0 A =
5 2 12
1 3 5 0
3 1

=

5 =
6
5, 9, .
5
=
23.
24.
3 2 2
2 2 0 y x y y xy + =
2 2
( ) 2 ( ) 0 y y x y y x =
( )( 2) 0 y y x y x + =
Sides are given by 0, and 2 y y x x y = = + =

ABC A
is right-angled triangle
area of
1
(2)(1) 1
2
ABC A = = Square units.
Circumcentre of ABC A is (1 , 0)
Sides of ABC A are 2, 2 , 2
A is isosceles
25.
1 2 3
2
2 1
, and 1
2 5 7
p p
m m m
p p

= = =

If lines are parallel , then
1 2 3
m m m = =
2
2 1
1
2 5 7
p p
p p

= =

3 p =
If lines are concurrent , 0 A =
2
2 2 5 0
1 7 5 0
1 1 1
p p
p p

=

3 2
4 5 6 0 p p p + =
2
( 3)( 2) 0 p p p + =
3 p= is not applicable for concurrency ,
hence
2
2 0 p p + =
No value of p exist
26.
2 2 2
( ) (1 ) 0 y mx a m + =
2 2
1 and 1 y mx a m y mx a m = + + = +
...(i)
Similarly ,
2 2 2
( ) (1 ) 0 y nx a n + =
2 2
1 and 1 y nx a n y nx a m = + + = +
...(ii)
Equation (i) and (ii) represent parallel tangents to
circle
2 2 2
x y a + =
Equation (i) and (ii) form rohmbus but not a square
if 1 mn=
Statements (1) and (2) are true but the reasoning is not
correct.
27. 4 9 0 y kx k + =
9 4
, 0 (0, 9 4)
k
A and B k
k
+ | |
+
|
\ .
Now ,
9 4
9 4
k
OA OB k
k
+
+ = + +
4 4
9 9 4 13 9 k k
k k
= + + + = + +
( ) 13 2(6) OA OB + > +
min
( ) 25units OA OB + =
minimum area =2(9)(4) =72 Square units
Statement (1) and (2) are true but the reasoning in not
correct
28.
Let AM and BE meet at N.
Point 'E' is (2 , 2)
point 'M' is (1 , 1)
Now ,
4 1
3
0 1
AM
m

= =

and
2 0 1
2 4 3
BE
m

= =
+
( )( ) 1
AM BE
m m =
AM BE
Circles with EM and AB as diemeter touch each
other at N
Statements (1) and (2) are true and the reasoning is
correct.
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[181] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
29.
2
4 9
1 1 1 0
2 3
m
m
=

2
13 30 0 m m + =
( 15)( 2) 0 m m + =
15or 2 m =
2 m=
is not applicable as it makes all the three lines
parallel and not concurrent
15 m =
is only applicable value for the
concurrency of three given lines
Statement (1) is true and statement (2) is false.
30.
In , tan
BD
BDC C
CD
A =
In , tan
BD
BDA A
AD
A =
: tan : tan CD AD C A =
: 3:1 CD AD =
Statements (1) and (2) are true and the reasoning is
also correct.
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[182] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1. ( ) ( ) 9 d OP d PQ + =
| | | | | 4| | 3| 9 x y x y + + + =
As 0; 0 x y > > is given , hence
| 4| | 3| 9 x y x y + =
4; 3 8
4; 3 4
4; 3 5
4; 3 No 'P' exists.
x y x y
x y y
x y x
x y
> > + =

< > =

`
> < =

< <
)
graph of the lines for different cases is shown in
figure.
Locus of point 'P' is union of 3 line segments of
the lines 4 0, 8and 5 0 y x y x = + = = .
2.
1 1 1
Area ( ) (1)(1) (4)(4)
2 2 2
ABC = A =

15
2
= Sq. units.
3. Pair of lines is ( 4)( 3) 0 x y =
4 and 3 x y = =
Triangle in consideration is right angled triangle
Circumcentre
9 7
,
2 2
| |

|
\ .
4. For given values of , and , the line can be
written as :
sin ( 4 2) cos (2 3) ( 1) 0 y x y x y x + + + =
(2 3) tan ( 4 2) 0 y x y x + + =
1 2
0 L L + =
the line passes through (1 , 2) as it satisfy the
line 1 0 y x = also
fixed point A is (1 , 2) which satisfy the curve of
option (d).
5. Let the line be ( 2) ( 1) y mx =
point 'P' is
2
1 , 2 and' ' Q
m
| |

|
\ .
is (0 , 2 m)
Now , area
( )
1 2
2
2
m
m
m
| |
=
|
\ .
1 4
4
2
m
m
| |
= +
|
\ .
(area) 4 (By ) AM GM > >
minimum area =4 square units.
6. (1 ) (1 ) (7 3 ) 0 y x + + + =
( 7) ( 3) 0 y x y x + + =
family of lines 'M' passes through (2 , 5)
Now , common member of L and M passes through the
points A (1 , 2) and (2 , 5)
2
3 3 1
1
y
y x
x

= =

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[183] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
7.
1 2
( , ) and ( , )
2 2
y x y x
d P L d P L
+
= =
| | | | y x y x = +
0 xy =
8. Region 'R' is defined by
2 2 | | | | 4 2 y x y x s + + s
( ) ( )
2 2
area 4 2 2 2 =
24 = square units
9. Region 'R' is shown in the following graph.
from figure , point P is
( )
2 2 , 2 2 k and point Q
is
( )
2 , 2 k
1
(24)
3
PTS RUQ A A =
Now ,
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1
4 2 4 2 2 2 8
2 2
k k k =
( ) ( )
2 2
4 2 2 2 16 k k =
( )( )
6 2 2 2 2 16 k =
2 k =
10.
3 2 1 1 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
ax by c ax by c ax by c
a b a b a b
+ + + + + +
+ + =
+ + +

2 2
1 2 3 1 2 3
( ) ( ) (3) a x x x b y y y c a b + + + + + + = +
( ) { }
, (0, 0)
G G
x y
2 2
3c a b = +
now ,
1
2 2
2
2 2 2
2
9 3
a b
c a b
c
| |
+
= + =
|
|
\ .
11.
In , ABC A reflection of 'A' about the angular
bisectors lies on the side BC
' is ( 2, 1) and '' is (0, 3) A A
Equation of
BC
is
3 4
0 2
y
x

2 3 y x = +
( ) is (1, 5) and is 4, 5 B C
2 2
(5) (10) 5 5 BC = + =
5 P =
12.
Let
AQ
BQ
=
2 2
,
1 1
k k
Q


| |

|
|
+ +
\ .
equation of line PQ is given by
2 2
1
1 1
k k
y x

| | | |
=
| |
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
2
1
0,
1
P k

| | | |

| |
+
\ . \ .
Now , area of
1
2
APQ A =
2
2 2
2
0 1
1
1 1
1
0 1
1
k
k k
k

+ +
| |
|
+
\ .
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[184] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
(vertices in anticlockwise direction gives +ve area).
4
2
( 1)
k
APQ

A =
+
As
( )
8
3
AOB APQ A = A
4
4 2
2
1 8
3 10 3 0
2 3 ( 1)
k
k

| |
= + =
|
|
+
\ .
Not applicable because
lies on +ve -axis
3or 1/3
P y
=

3
QA
QB
= =
13. , and PR PQ PS are in harmonic progression
2 1 1
PQ PR PS
= +
2 1 1
0.
PQ PR PS
| |
=
|
\ .
14.
Let points M and N be (0 , (0, ) and(0, ) )
respectively
0 6
0 6 6 6
k k
h h

= =

...(i)
Similarly ,
3
3
k
h
=

...(ii)
Now , equation of OP is
y k
x h
= and the equation of
QN is 1
3
x y

+ =
3 3
Point ' ' is ,
3 3
h k
T
h k h k


| |

|
+ +
\ .
from (i) and (ii) ,
6 6
,
6 6
h k
T
h h
| |

|
+ +
\ .
Equation of MT is given by :
( )
6 3
3
6 3
0
6
3
6
k k
k
h h
y x
h
h
h
| |

|
+
=
|

|
|
+ \ .
3
2 (2 )
3
k
y x
h
| |
=
|

\ .
3
(2 ) ( 2) 0
3
k
y x
h
| |
+ =
|

\ .
( ) (2 ) ( 2) 0 is variable y x + =
MT
passes through fixed point (2 , 0)
| | 2 p =
15. (a) Line
1
is (3cos ) (4sin ) 12 L x y + =
1 4 3
area
2 cos sin
| || |
=
| |
\ .\ .
12
sin2
=
minimum area =12 square units for sin2 1 =
(b)
1 7cos 7sin
2 4 3
| || |
A =
| |
\ .\ .

49
sin
48
=
max
1
1
48
A = Square units
(c)
2 2
16 9
cos sin
AB

= +
2 2
16sec 9cosec = +
2 2
(16tan 16) (9cot +9) = + +
2 2
16tan 9cot +25 = +
min
( ) 7units ( ) AB By AM GM = >
(d)
1 2
and L L meet at (4cos , 3sin )
(4cos 3sin ) + = +
( ) 5 + >
16. (a) 0 0, and 0 , p q r p q = + + = =
and r are not all equal
1 2 3
0 L L L + + =
1 2 3
, , L L L are concurrent
(b) 0and 0 = =
1 2 3
, , L L L form triangle
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[185] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
(c) 0and 0 = =
0 p q r = = =
1 2 3
, , L L L represent 2-dimensional space
(d) 0 p q r = = =
1 2 3
, , L L L are identical
17. Apply the concept of number of common tangents for
two circles under different conditions
(a)
from figure , n =3
(b) n =4
(c) n =2
(d) n =1