Radio TX Calibration

Training & Consultancy Unit

Tariq Ismail
JUNE 25, 2010

This document explains the steps required to perform TX calibration of radios in HMAC1 (CTU1) and HMAC2 (CTU2) BTS. At the end , cable configurations of EQCP, RSSI and MMI is given for reference.

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TX Calibration Steps
CTU 1 & CTU 2

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Required Tools/Equipment:
1. Digital Power meter 2. Power meter Sensor with Jumper cable and connectors 3. Laptop with Procom Plus and TX scripts (CTU1 & CTU2) 4. MMI Cable for Procom terminal 5. EQCP Cable for DRI access 6. RSSI Cable for CTU1 clock reset

From Radio to Antenna

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Power Meter Sensor (Bird)

5000 EX Digital Power Meter

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Some important and basic steps are common and are to be followed in any calibration (TX & RX)

CTU1 TX Calibration Steps

Login to site through MCUF Check site id by disp_site command State Radios by State <id> dri * * Check alarms at site disp_act <id> Check equipage and antenna select of radios by disp_eq <id> dri x y

Density of DRI Cabinet DRI Port Number ANT Select

Move to level 3 by using chg_l " command Login to BSC as follows a) Press Ctrl + n b) Write the command Rlogin 1 0114h (0114h to 0119h)

c) Again press Ctrl + n , now you are in BSC, it can be verified by

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disp_site, BSC ID is 0 Change to level 3 Write the command Store <site id> to enable calibration data Now write disp_cal_data <id> dri x y to check for Store Calibration Data: enabled

Login back to site by Ctrl + d Lock the sector by the command Lock <Site Id> dri x y, repeat the same for all DRIs of the particular sector. While locking a radio, it must be noted to lock the DRI with RTF 0 at the last. RTF 0 of each sector contains BCCH. Below snap shows these RTFs in each sector and DRIs associated with it. This can be seen by stating the DRIs with command state <site Id> dri * *

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RTF0 Sector A RTF0 Sector RTF0 Sector C

Before connecting Power meter, check VSWR by connecting site master to each of the DRIs. If there are reflections in cable, then any kind of calibration is not effective. Removing reflection before a DRI calibration is a must. Now removed RF cable from dup and connect Power meter sensor in between. Position of sensor should be such that the arrow should direct towards the antenna. Connect the jumper cable with power meter and turn it on If power meter is showing values in dbm, convert them to Watt from the front display Remove MMI cable and login to DRI using RSSI cable
MMI ROM> tcu_clock 0 (reset clock to zero)

Now login to DRI using EQCP cable Run the script Alarm_Off_TX, Alternate of script is to type the following commands
EQCP> .gsmfw

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EQCP> test EQCP Test> bbh alarm off EQCP Test> act c EQCP Test> cspwr Adjust the power by giving offsets through U and D keys. For GSM 900, power should be 20 Watts (>=20 W & <21 W). For DCS 1800, power should be 16 Watts (>=16 W & <17 W). To increase power use key U and to decrease power use the Key D After powers are adjusted, press ESC to quit Now run the script SAVE_CAL_TX to save the calibration, Alternate of the script is to type the following commands EQCP Test> halt c EQCP Test> wrenb EQCP Test> save cal TX EQCP Test> wrptc Calibration of one radio (CTU1) is complete. Repeat the same process for all radios to be calibrated. After completing the last DRI, remove power meter from that DRI and connect back RF cable (All radios that are calibrated are still locked) Now login to BSC Change level by chg_l Clear calibration data of all DRIs that are calibrated by the command Clear_cal_data <site Id> dri x y Give hard reset to the radios (Must in CTU1) In service all radios by command Ins <Site ID> dri x y TX Calibration is complete, Note that offsets increasing 6 indicates that the particular CTU1 is faulty and may alter power again shortly. Check through

disp_cal_data <id> dri x y command that offsets have changed, if offset value is changed, then TX calibration of that DRI is successful.

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CTU2 TX Calibration Steps

Unlike CTU1 which is calibrated in locked state, CTU2 is calibrated only when it is in service. As there are two radios in a CTU2, we have to in service only one, which we will calibrate, and leave its associated dri locked. In the end when the CTU2 will be in serviced after clearing data from BSC, the associated DRI will automatically take the same calibration of the radio that we calibrated, so no need to repeat the same process for the 2nd radio in the CTU2, just keep it locked and calibrate the in-serve radio only. Login to site through H2SC Check site id by disp_site command State Radios by State <id> dri * * Check alarms at site disp_act <id> Check equipage and antenna select of radios by disp_eq <id> dri x y

Density of DRI Cabinet DRI Port Number ANT Select

Move to level 3 by using chg_l " command Login to BSC as follows a) Press Ctrl + n b) Write the command Rlogin 1 0114h (0114h to 0119h)

c) Again press Ctrl + n , now you are in BSC, it can be verified by disp_site, BSC ID is 0 Change to level 3

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Write the command Store <site id> to enable calibration data Now write disp_cal_data <id> dri x y to check for Store Calibration Data: enabled

Login back to site by Ctrl + d Lock the sector by the command Lock <Site Id> dri x y, repeat the same for all DRIs of the particular sector. While locking a radio, it must be noted to lock the DRI with RTF 0 at the last. RTF 0 of each sector contains BCCH. Below snap shows these RTFs in each sector and DRIs associated with it. This can be seen by stating the DRIs with command state <site Id> dri * *

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RTF0 Sector A RTF0 Sector RTF0 Sector C

Before connecting Power meter, check VSWR by connecting site master to each of the DRIs. If there are reflections in cable, then any kind of calibration is not effective. Removing reflection before a DRI calibration is a must.

Connect power meter sensor to the dup of DRI to be calibrated, connect the jumper cable to digital power meter and turn it on. Now that the power meter is connected to the DUP, in service one radio and keep its associated radio locked, normally , in a CTU2 with two radios, the 1st one is in-serviced and the 2nd one is left locked (0 0 in-serviced and 0 1 locked)

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DRI density Associated

Remove MMI cable from H2SC controller card and login to DRI using EQCP cable (no need to reset clock to 0 in case of CTU2). After logging in to the CTU2, run script TX_double or TX_single accordingly, depending weather the CTU2 is double density or single density Adjust the power by giving offsets through U and D keys. For GSM 900, power should be 20 Watts (>=20 W & <21 W). For DCS 1800, power should be 16 Watts (>=16 W & <17 W). To increase power use key U and to decrease power use the Key D Press Q to quit after power finally adjusted as above Store the calibration by command cal_store 1, it will show PASS after executing this command Login back to H2SC and get the calibrated DRI locked Remove Power meter and connect back the RF cable Login to BSC Clear previous calibration data by command clear_cal_data <Site ID> dri x y We actually clear the previous calibration data from BSC, as it a parent site, and if previous calibration is not cleared, it will by default copy the previous calibration data to the DRI as soon as it is in-serviced

Check that the calibration data is cleared by disp_cal_data <Site ID> dri x y It should show no calibration data

Now finally, in-service the radios

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Cable Configurations

MMI Cable Configuration

Connec tor Type DB-9(F) DB-9(M) Pin Connections

1 NC

2 3

3 2

4 NC

5 5&7

6 NC

7 NC

8 NC

9 NC

EQCP Cable Configuration

Connec tor Type DB-9(F) DB-9(M) Pin Connections

1 NC

2 3

3 2

4 NC

5 5

6 NC

7 NC

8 NC

9 NC

RSSI Cable Configuration

Connec tor Type DB-9(F) DB-9(M) Pin Connections

1 NC

2 9

3 8

4 NC

5 5

6 NC

7 NC

8 NC

9 NC