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riot-ridden cities

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A number of anthropologists have done work which we can describe as sociolinguistic in nature.
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There is some reason to believe the communities that show little technological development
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On the other hand, technologically advanced societies have terms corresponding to all eleven
mentioned numbers.
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The next question to be considered is very crucial.
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Feeling rather tired, I telephoned and said I could not come.

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c. America d. the house
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Psychological researchers.
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The children moved listlessly towards the aunt’s end of the carriage.
a. without energy or interest b. serious and displeased look
c. carrying on without giving up d. certain to happen


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‘Perhaps the grass in the other field is better,’ suggested the aunt fatuously.
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You will like her once you get to know her.

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The child moved reluctantly to the window.

a. noticeably b. unwillingly c. ineffectively d. emphatically


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One of my bad habits is biting my nails

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It was a hot afternoon, and the railway carriage was correspondingly sultry.
a. angry and bad-tempered look b. fixed in purpose
c. agree able and amiably d. hot and airless

00001! -./0000$

Translate the following texts into Persian.

Text 1:
In fact, there are as many kinds of slang as there are separate social groups: the slang used by
parents is rarely the same as that of their children; even college students may find that their
slang differs from that of high school student; underworld slang and the slang of professional
musicians have few words in common.

Text 2:
Since linguistic competence is a mental reality, not a physical one, the isolation of
competence from performance is a difficult task. Only performance is directly observable.
Therefore, the linguist begins to investigate language by noting instances of actual language
behavior. The linguist observes the sentences produced by speakers and writers, as well as
those comprehended by listeners and readers, and attempts to determine the kinds of
linguistic knowledge that people must possess in order to use language as they do.


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Text 3:

.pi
The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, too

w w large for indoor display, had been tacked to the wall. It depicted simply an enormous face,
w more than a metre wide: the face of a man of about forty-five, with a heavy black moustache
and ruggedly handsome features. Winston made for the stairs. It was no use trying the lift.
Even at the best of times it was seldom working, and at present the electric current was cut
off during daylight hours.

Text 4:
A soon as the light in the bedroom went out there was a stirring and a fluttering all through
the farm buildings. Word had gone round during the day that old Major, the prize Middle
White boar, had had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to
the other animals. It had been agreed that they should all meet in the big barn as soon as Mr
Jones was safely out of the way. Old Major (so he was always called, though the name under
which he had been exhibited was Willingdon Beauty) was so highly regarded on the farm
that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say.

Text 5:
Kino’s hand leaped to catch it, but it fell past his fingers, fell on the baby’s shoulder, landed
and struck. Then, snarling, Kino had it, had it in his fingers, rubbing it to a paste in his hands.
He threw it down and beat it into the earth floor with his fist, and Coyotito screamed with
pain in his box. But Kino beat and stamped the enemy until it was only a fragment and a
moist place in the dirt. His teeth were bared and fury flared in his eyes and the Song of the
Enemy roared in his ears.