Q.

How to weld 16mm plate with 8mm plate One side to be flushed with thick plate while other side of the thick plate to be chamfered at 1:3 ratio to match with 8 mm plate.

Q. What will happen if we fit oversize o-ring in a liner. Then wt will happen.? What is volumetric binding?(Lambs page-193) Q. Result of unequal size of shims in two sides of bearing shell? (Lambs page -264)

Q. What is grease ? How to order grease(Page 265-Gulia motor) Reeds vol-8 page -435 Q. How will u order a pipe? (Length , working pressure , outer dia , media ) Q. How to determine if tie rod broken or not in running engine? Where to keep thumb n where to keep nail? (Lambs page 163)

Q. Crosshead survey interval and how will you carry out? ( Aranha Page 227 or Manual)

Q. Centrifugal pump overhauling ? How many wear rings in double stage centrifugal pump? ( Mc George Marine Aux. 160) Q. What does 3/8 or means in thread nomenclature? 3/8 or means the nominal OD of the bolt. For Course threads the TPI will be 16 and for fine threads the TPI will be 20. Actually thats according to the American standards. Metric standards define it in eg. M10 * 1.5 where, 10 is the nominal diameter and 1.5 is the pitch. If Pitch is not mentioned, then we take it as that thread is belonging to the course group.

Q. Causes of pump wear ring being worn (Strainer faulty, bearing damaged, cavitations, high temp. water, unbalanced impeller) Q. Min. thickness of feeler gauge (0.05mm or 0.01mm) Q. Crane jib is cracked how u r going to weld. (arrest crack and weld plates) Q. Junior engineer boxed back the purifier after cleaning then its found vibrating , probable causes. ( Bowl may not be cleaned properly, lock ring not tightening properly, bowl assembled with wrong parts, gear can be in damaged condition, bowl springs not fitted correctly, top bearing springs damaged, discs not properly assembled or tightened, some external tool left inside .) Q. A compressor was overhauled and bumping clearance was found to be normal in spite of that piston strikes the head. Give reasons? (In unloaded condition: Bottom end bearing wear down of lower half will cause this or the bolts may have become loose) Q. Thrust pad removal? Diagram of front view along with retainer and top cover fitting screws? How do you remove pads? Where do you fix the tool? (Reeds vol. 8 pg 242 or Aranha page 231) Q. What is the purpose of lead screw and tool feeder? (Lead screw for THREADING and tool feeder for TURNING) Q. How will u rectify ovality of crankpin n how will u run engine on this condition ( We will use oil stone to get the crank pin in the circular shape as far as possible, as with oval crank pin, the oil film will not be proper and bearing though undersized will run hot. Lub oil pressure will be less. Then afterwards we use undersized bearing, if the engine has thick shell bearings same procedure with shims have to be put in, the oil pressure should never fall below 3.5 bars under full load condition.)

Q. What is bastard file? ( Bastard file is a rough file. Bastard is the degree of roughness generally files are rough, bastard, smooth and super smooth) Q. What does the markings on the valve 5K-50 mean? (5k- 50 means a valve designed for 5 kg pressure and pitch circle diameter is 50 mm) Q. What all checks to be made on liner before giving it for survey?(Ovality, wear, surface condition, polishing, glazing, cracks) Q. If chief officer says that cow machine is not working how will 2/E go about to convince him that it is working satisfactorily? ( There is an indicator on top of the cow machine which will show its operation. You can show him that OR you can do top wash ,the oils hits the inside top of the tank during top wash so when u stand on the deck u can feel it and convince him that its working fine) Q. What is fitted bolt? How is it fitted? Where is it used? (Fitted bolts are used to connect rudder stock with rudder, intermediate shaft coupling etc. This is a closely fitted bolt. The holes are initially drilled to undersize and are reamed in the assembling place before the bolts are tightened in place. Accuracy is required in the machining. These bolts could be of two types one having ...a slight taper of about 1:100 on diameter and the other having a large taper of about 1:15 on diameter. However, the holes in either case are reamed in final place. Sometimes an oversized bolt is stretched hydraulically reducing the bolt diameter. When tightened down and the hydraulic pressure is released the final exact fit in the bolt hole is achieved, like a pilgrim nut on coupling shafts. These bolts find place in engine / boiler mountings, coupling shafts etc. and form a rigid fixture. On main engine mounting these are situated aft of the engine in the way of thrust block. Q. What is nitriding? (Nitriding is a heat treating process that alloys nitrogen onto the surface of a metal to create a case hardened surface. Three methods are there for nitriding 1. gas nitriding 2. salt bath nitriding. 3. plasma nitriding.) Nitriding is a surface-hardening heat treatment that introduces nitrogen into the surface of steel at a temperature range (500 to 550C or 930 to 1020F), while it is in the ferrite condition. Thus, nitriding is similar to carburizing in that surface composition is altered, but different in that nitrogen is added into ferrite instead of austenite. Because nitriding does not involve heating into the austenite phase field and a subsequent quench to form martensite, nitriding can be accomplished with a minimum of distortion and with excellent dimensional control. Q. How will you avoid oil leaking from stern tube to sea?(By reducing the head of oil, by adding high viscosity oil, biodegradable oil) Q. How will you make camshaft float while adjusting its position? (By applying hydraulic pressure) Q. SOOT BLOWING DIFFERNT METHOD AND ARRANGEMENTS,THE ULTRASONIC TYPE HOW IS IT WORKING? CHEMICAL TYPE, WHAT TYPE OF CHEMICAL? (Sodium chloride, magnesium oxide, cupric chloride, zinc oxide, copper oxide) Q. WHEN REMOVING LOWERHALF MAIN BRG.IT IS STUCK WHAT WILL YOU DO? (Sanyal 250)

Q. How to order hyd pipe??For ordering hyd.pipe, we need working pressure, symbol of std ( ost1/ost2). schedule 80120, manufacturing process s-c, e-c, outside dia, thickness and length is optional because standard length is 4 mtrs and sold by weight, and made of carbon steel Q. PIPE SCHEDULE Pipe Schedule is the term used to describe the thickness of a pipe. The outside diameter of a pipe is the same for all Schedules in a particular nominal pipe diameter. Standard pipe schedules or pipes sizes as given by ANSI / ASME B36.10M and API 5L. These schedule numbers bear a relation to the pressure rating of the piping. There are eleven Schedules ranging from the lowest at 5 through 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 to schedule No. 160. Regardless of schedule number, pipes of a particular size all have the same outside diameter (not withstanding manufacturing tolerances). As the schedule number increases, the wall thickness increases, and the actual bore is reduced. For example:

A 100 mm Schedule 40 pipe has an outside diameter of 114.30 mm, a wall thickness of 6.02 mm, giving a bore of 102.26 mm.A 100 mm Schedule 80 pipe has an outside diameter of 114.30 mm, a wall thickness of 8.56 mm, giving a bore of 97.18 mm. The schedule number is defined as the approximate value of the expression:Schedule Number = (1,000)(P/S)Where,P = the internal working pressure, psig S = the allowable stress (psi) for the material of construction at the conditions of use.For example, the schedule number of ordinary steel pipe having an allowable stress of 10,000 psi for use at a working pressure of 350 psig would be:Schedule Number = (1,000)(350/10,000) = 35 (approx. 40) Method for Determining Schedule Measure the inside diameter and divide it by the wall thickness. (inches) R= ID/Thickness Q.Diff. between pipe threads & normal threads PIPE THREADS ARE INCH THREADS N NORMAL STUD THREADS ARE METRIC THREADS Pipe threads are tapered ,so that the in the final position self sealing where as stud threads are normal parallel threads...the angle of the threads in pipe is 55* and for stud thread is 60*. Bolt or stud threads has more pitch than pipe threads. 1" bsw =8 threads/inch,1" bsf=10 threads/inch, 1" bsp=11 threads/inch Q. Vacuum in evaporators is required to lower the boiling point of water, in absolute vacuum water boils at 42degree celcius. so by acheving vacuum we can produce steam with less heating temperature. once the water starts to boil then steam occupies the space in the FWG thus drop in vacuum, drop in vacuum means increase in boiling point to keep the boiling point to minimum it is required to maintain vacuum

Q. Weight of cent pump. On a vertical pump the upper shaft bearing is either axial thrust (ball) or angular thrust pair back to back and is bearing mounted above the pump impeller casing. This bearing takes the whole weight of the rotating element and the only other bearings are normally bushes that take no weight. Centrifugal pump weight of considerable capacity will never ever be supported by the motor, as the bearings in the motor are only designed to carry the motor load and NOT the pumps load. The weight of pump is supported by the TWO ball bearings and the bearing bush in the bottom. These TWO ball bearings are the thrust types and they have to be fitted in a particular manner only and also these come in sets. Q.Resilient bolts? Resilience is defined as the ability of the material to absorb energy when deformed elastically & release this energy when unloaded.a resilient bolt absorbes energy within elastic range w/o any permanent deformation & release this energy when unloaded.It can be called spring property of a bolt.the bolts of cyl head & bolts of connecting rod are examples of resilient bolts.resilience of the bolt is imp to prevent breakage at the threads. Q. Proof stress The stress that will cause a specified small, permanent extension of a tensile test piece. Commonly the stress to produce 0.2% extension is quoted in N/mm2 for steel. This value approximates to the yield stress in materials not exhibiting a definite yield point. The load per unit area that a structure can withstand withoutbeing permanently deformed by more th an a specified amount. Stress that will cause a specified permanent deformation. Proof stress can be found by referring to the stress/strain curve at the point where strain is = 0.2% original volume (the material has grown 0.2% in volume) proof stress will be given as a measurement of energy (MPa,KPa etc.) as it specifically refers to the amount of energy required to stress the material to 0.2% its original volume. Proof stress, by definition, is the stress to cause some level of permanent deformation. Q. SOLID DRAWN

Drawn out from a heated solid bar, as by a process of spiral rolling which first hollows the bar and then expands the cavity by forcing the bar over a pointed mandrel fixed in front of the rolls; -- said of a weldless tube. Q.Induction hardening is a form of heat treatment in which a metal part is heated by induction heating and then quenched. The quenched metal undergoes a martensitic transformation, increasing the hardness and brittleness of the part. Induction hardening is used to selectively harden areas of a part or assembly without affecting the properties of the part as a whole.[1] Induction heating is a non contact heating process which utilises the principle of electromagnetic induction to produce heat inside the surface layer of a work-piece. By placing a conductive material into a strong alternating magnetic field electrical current can be made to flow in the steel thereby creating heat due to the I2R losses in the material. By quenching this heated layer in water, oil or a polymer based quench , the surface layer is altered to form a martensitic structure which is harder than the base metal.[2] Q. Fusible plug Bismuth 52%, lead-30% , tin-20% Q. Name of refrigerant significance(R22,R134A) Now that we understand that the prefix describes what kinds of atoms are in a particular molecule, the next step is to calculate the number of each type of atom. The key to the code is to add 90 to the number; the result shows the number of C, H, and F atoms. For HCFC-141b: 141 + 90 = 2 #C 3 #H 1 #F

One more piece of information is needed to decipher the number of Cl atoms. All of these chemicals are saturated; that is, they contain only single bonds. The number of bonds available in a carbon-based molecule is 2C + 2. Thus, for HCFC-141b, which has 2 carbon atoms, there are 6 bonds. Cl atoms occupy bonds remaining after the F and H atoms. So HCFC-141b has 2C, 3H, 1F, and 2Cl: First, consider two-carbon molecules. For example, HCFC-141, HCFC-141a, and HCFC-141b all have the same atoms (2C, 3H, 1F, and 2Cl), but they are organized differently. To determine the letter, total the atomic weights of the atoms bonded to each of the carbon atoms. The arrangement that most evenly distributes atomic weights has no letter. The next most even distribution is the "a" isomer, the next is "b," etc. until no more isomers are possible. A common way of writing isomers' structure is to group atoms according to the carbon atom with which they bond. Thus, the isomers of HCFC-141 are: HCFC-141: HCFC-141a: HCFC-141b: CHFCl - CH2Cl (atomic weights on the 2 carbons = 37.5 and 55.5) CHCl2 - CH2F (atomic weights on the 2 carbons = 21 and 72) CFCl2 - CH3 (atomic weights on the 2 carbons = 3 and 90)

Q. UTS strength. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), often shortened to tensile strength (TS) or ultimate strength,[1][2] is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before necking, which is when the specimen's cross-section starts to significantly contract. Q. Centrifugal pump cannot handle air but turbocharger can? Both cent pp nd t/c does one thing in common ... it adds kinetic energy to the medium by inducing centrifugal force to medium ... due to this cent force , the medium moves out from impellar eye and this creates a vacuum behind it which causes low press and so the new medium is pushed in to the eye...... so the amount of cent force determines the medium being moved out from eye to the periphery.... but this cent force = mv^2/r=mw^2r as (v=wr) ....... so the cent force depends on mass and velocity ...... in cent pp , the medium being liquid mass is more so the velocity can be less to push the liq out ... but in T/c , the medium being air , the mass is less so since the velocity is high , it can pump out the air.. Q. How pipes ordered in e/r? Length, flanged or not, pressure, Max. pressure, temp, inside and outside dia or schedule...schedule is very important....

Q. Types of tempering???? Tempering from outside-The cold workpiece is slowly heated by means of appropriate heat sources and after having reached the tempering temperature (between 200C and 500C) it is cooled down. Tempering from inside:The workpiece is shortly quenched after having been hardened so that only outer layer is cold. The residual heat penetrates from inside, after having reached the tempering temperature it is cooled down. The same effect can be reached when the workpiece is cooled down only on one side and the heat contained in the other part runs after again.

Q. What is metal locking? How is cylinder block constructed? If a crack, what to do? METALOCK is the process of making cold repairs in cracked, broken or weakened machine parts or pressure vessels of cast or forged metals. Techniques:

METALOCK is a custom formed lock or key made of special alloys. The size and number of METALOCKS vary with conditions and the amount of strength to be restored to the fractured metal. Slots are cut transverse to the fracture and METALOCKS are inlaid by cold working into the parent metal. Thus, the locks hold cracked or broken pieces together and restore strength to fractured sections.

Q. Where all do you find non return v/v onboard? Show arrangement of attachment of spindle n v/v in a normal globe v/v.

MISC ----One bottle of acetylene(at 15 bar) require 2 bottles of oxygen(at 200-210bar) for welding...order at least 3 bottles of oxygen for 1 acetylene bottle as gas cutting require higher oxygen percentage...

----When it is said a m 18 bolt the bolt is made on a shank/shaft/spindle of 18mm dia, so bolts maximum dia cant exceed 18 mm similarly, the hole drilled in a body or nut are always lesser than the shank dia of bolt...and the standards are given on tap , like when u are going to tap a m12 u ll get three taps numbered as 1,2,3 and you will get the size of drill bit to be used for that size of threads, same to be used.. a metric chart too can be referred which is posted on aluminium plate on drill machine

---Clearance fit A clearance fit results in limits of size that assure clearance between assembled mating parts. Interference fit (also referred to as Force fit or Shrink fit) interference fit has limits of size that always result in interference between mating parts. For example, a hole and shaft, the shaft will always be larger than the hole, to give an interference of metal that will result in either a force or press fit. The effect would be an almost permanent assembly for two assembled parts. An interference fit, also known as a press fit or friction fit,[1] is a fastening between two parts which is achieved by friction after the parts are pushed together, rather than by any other means of fastening. For metal parts in particular, the friction that holds the parts together is often greatly increased by compression of one part against the other, which relies on the tensile and compressive strengths of the materials the parts are made from. Typical examples of interference fits are the press fitting of shafts into bearings or bearings into their housings and the attachment of watertight connectors to cables. An interference fit also results when pipe fittings are assembled and tightened.

There are three general categories of fits: 1) Clearance fits for when it may be desirable for the shaft to rotate or slide freely within the hole, this is usually referred to as a "sliding fit." 2) Interference fits for when it is desirable for the shaft to be securely held within the hole, this is usually referred to as an interference fit and 3) Transition fits for when it is desirable that the shaft to be held securely, yet not so securely that it cannot be disassembled, this is usually referred to as a Location or Transition fit. ---WAISTED SHANK BOLT A bolt whose diameter is less than the minor diameter of the thread. Frequently the shank of the bolt is 0.9 times the root diameter.

---Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces. Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: '"cold," "warm," or "hot" forging. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to 580 metric tons.[1][2] Forged parts usually require further processing to achieve a finished part.