Generic Stem -abine -ac -acetam -actide -adol or -aldol-adox -afenone -afil -aj-aldrate -algron -alol -amivir -ampa

-ampanel -ampator -andr-anib -anserin -antel -antrone -apsel -arabine aril-, -aril, -aril-arit -arol -arone -arot-arotene arte-ase subgroups: -dismase -teplase -uplase -ast subgroups: -lukast -milast -trodast -zolast -tegr-(a)tadine -astine -atadine -axine -(f)axine -azenil -azepam -azepide -azocine -azoline -azosin -bactam -bamate -barb or -barb -begron -bendazole -berel -bersat

Stem Definition (see -arabine, -citabine) Anti-inflammatory agents (acetic acid derivatives) See -racetam Synthetic corticotropins Analgesics (mixed opiate receptor agonists/ antagonists) Antibacterials (quinoline dioxide derivatives) Antiarrhythmics (propafenone derivatives) PDE5 inhibitors Antiarrhythmics (ajmaline derivatives) Antacid aluminum salts Alpha1 - and alpha2 - adrenoreceptor agonists Combined alpha and beta blockers (see -vir) Ionotropic non-NMDA glutamate receptors (AMPA and/or KA receptors) Ionotropic non-NMDA glutamate receptors (AMPA and/or KA receptors) ; antagonists Ionotropic non-NMDA glutamate receptors (AMPA and/or KA receptors) ; modulators Androgens Angiogenesis inhibitors Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor antagonists Anthelmintics (undefined group) Antineoplastics; anthraquinone derivatives P-selectin antagonists Antineoplastics (arabinofuranosyl derivatives) Antiviral (arildone derivatives) Antirheumatics (lobenzarit type) Anticoagulants (dicumarol type) Antiarrhythmics Arotinoids Arotinoid derivatives Antimalarials (artemisin derivatives) Enzymes Enzymes ; superoxide dismutase activity (exception: orgotein) Enzymes ; tissue-type plasminogen activators Enzymes ; urokinase-type plasminogen activators Antiasthmatics/antiallergics (not acting primarily as antihistamines; leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors) Antiasthmatics/antiallergics ; leukotriene receptor antagonists Antiasthmatics/antiallergics ; type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitors Antiasthmatics/antiallergics ; thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists Antiasthmatics/antiallergics ; benzoxazole derivatives Antiasthmatics/antiallergics ; integrin antagonists Tricyclic histaminic-H1 receptor antagonists, loratadine derivatives Antihistaminics (histamine-H1 receptor antagonists) Tricyclic antiasthmatics Antianxiety, antidepressant inhibitor of norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake Benzodiazepine receptor agonists/antagonists Antianxiety agents (diazepam type) Cholecystokinin receptor antagonists Narcotic antagonists/agonists (6,7-benzomorphan derivatives) Antihistamines/local vasoconstrictors (antazoline type) Antihypertensives (prazosin type) Beta-lactamase inhibitors Tranquilizers/antiepileptics (propanediol and pentanediol groups) Barbituric acid derivatives Beta 3 adrenoreceptor agonist Anthelmintics (tibendazole type) Beta estrogen receptor agonist Anticonvulsants; antimigraine (benzoylamino-benzpyran derivatives)

Examples decitabine bromfenac; dexpemedolac seractide tazadolene; spiradolene; levonantradol carbadox alprafenone; diprafenone tadalafil lorajmine magaldrate dabuzalgron labetalol; medroxalol

becampanel forampator nandrolone semaxanib altanserin; tropanserin; adatanserin carbantel pixantrone torapsel fazarabine; fludarabine pleconaril; arildone; fosarilate lobenzarit; clobuzarit dicumarol amiodarone; dronedarone etarotene; sumarotene; tazarotene bexarotene; linarotene; tazarotene arteflene alglucerase; dornase alfa sudismase alteplase; duteplase; silteplase saruplase; nasaruplase;

cinalukast; pobilukast piclamilast seratrodast eclazolast; ontazolast valategrast desloratadine; rupatadine; somantadine ebastine olopatadine; loratadine

radafaxine bretazenil; flumazenil; lorazepam devazepide quadazocine; ketazocine; antazoline doxazosin sulbactam meprobamate; felbamate; phenobarbital; secobarbital; eterobarb talibegron cambendazole prinaberel carabersat; tidembersat; v20110426

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Generic Stem bol- or -bol-bufen -bulin -butan -butazone -caine calci- or -calci-camra -camsule -casan -caserin -castat -carbef -catib -cavir cef-cept subgroups: -co-facept -farcept -lefacept

Stem Definition Anabolic steroids Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, fenbufen derivatives Antineoplastics (mitotic inhibitors; tubulin binders) Antiseptics (dapabutan type) Anti-inflammatory analgesics (phenylbutazone type) Local anesthetics Vitamin D analogues Antivirals (intracellular adhesion molecules, icam-1 derivatives) Camphorsulfonic acid derivatives used as UVA sunscreens Caspase (interleukin 1b) converting enzyme inhibitors Serotonin receptor agonists, primarily 5-HT2 (see -stat) Antibiotics (carbacephem derivatives) Cathespin inhibitors (see -vir) Cephalosporins Receptor molecules, native or modified ( a preceding infix should designate the target) Receptor molecules, native or modified ;complement receptors Receptor molecules, native or modified ;lymphocyte function-associated with antigen 3 (LFA) receptor Receptor molecules, native or modified ; interferon receptors Receptor molecules, native or modified ; lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 Receptor molecules, native or modified ; tumor necrosis factor receptors Receptor molecules, native or modified ; antiviral receptors Receptors (small molecule) Receptors (small molecule) ; calcium Cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors Hepatoprotectives (timonacic type) Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (see vir-) Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor Natural antibiotics (undefined group) Guanaline cyclase activator Penicillins Nucleoside antiviral or antineoplastic agents, cytarabine or azarabine derivatives Muscarinic agonists (various indications) Hypnotics/tranquilizers (zopiclone type) Blood coagulation factors Blood coagulation factors ; blood coagulation factor VII Blood coagulation factors ; blood coagulation factor IX Blood coagulation factors ; blood coagulation factor VIII Blood coagulation cascade inhibitor Systemic antifungals (miconazole type) Cortisone derivatives Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (see -dar) Diuretics (ethacrynic acid derivatives) Acridine derivatives Antiallergics (cromoglicic acid derivatives) Neuromuscular blocking agents (quaternary ammonium compounds) Antibiotics (tetracycline derivatives) Positive inotropic agents (pimobendan type) Antimycobacterials (diaminodiphenylsulfone derivatives) Multidrug resistance inhibitors Multidrug resistance inhibitors ;acridine carboxamide derivatives

Examples bolandiol; mibolerone; indobufen mivobulin dapabutan; lopobutan; mofebutazone dibucaine calcipotriene; tacalcitol; tremacamra ecamsule pralnacasan lorcaserin; vabicaserin; loracarbef balicatib cefazolin alvircept

mirococept alefacept pifarcept alefacept

-nercept -vircept -cet subgroup: -calcet -cetrapib -cic -ciclib -ciclovir -cidib -cidin -ciguat -cillin -citabine -clidine -clone -cog subgroups: -eptacog -nonacog -octocog -cogin -conazole -cort-coxib -cridar -crinat -crine -cromil -curium (also curonium) -cycline -dan -dapsone -dar subgroups: -cridar

lenercept alvircept

tecalcet torcetrapib limazocic seliciclib alvocidib gramicidin ataciguat; atriciguat ampicillin gemcitabine; fiacitabine; zalcitabine vedaclidine; talsaclidine; pagoclone

eptacog alfa (activated) nonacog alfa moroctocog alfa; octocog alfa tifacogin fluconazole; oxiconazole; hydrocortisone celecoxib; parecoxib; valdecoxib brocrinat amsacrine; quinacrine nedocromil atracurium; alcuronium; pipecuronium minocycline prinoxodan; indolidan acedapsone

elacridar v20110426

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Generic Stem -icodar -quidar -spodar -denoson -dermin dil-, -dil- or -dil -dipine -dismase -distim -ditan -dopa -dore -dotin -dralazine -dronate -dutant -ectedin -ectin -elestat -elvakin -emcinal -entan -eptacog -eptakin -erg-eridine -ermin subgroups: -bermin -dermin -fermin -nermin -plermin -sermin -termin -otermin estr- or -estr-estrant -etanide -exakin -ezolid -farnib -fenamate -fenamic acid -fenin -fenine -fentanil -fentrine -fermin -fetamin(e) -fiban -fibatide -fibrate -filcon -fingol -flapon -flurane -fo-focon -formin -fradil -fulven -fungin -fylline

Stem Definition Multidrug resistance inhibitors ;pipecolic acid derivatives Multidrug resistance inhibitors ; quinoline derivatives Multidrug resistance inhibitors ; ciclosporin D derivatives Adenosine A receptor agonists (see -ermin) Vasodilators (undefined group) Phenylpyridine vasodilators (nifedipine type) (see -ase) (see -stim) Antimigraine (5-HT1 receptor agonists) Dopamine receptor agonists Dopamine D2D3 receptor modulators Synthetic analogs of the dolastatin series Antihypertensives (hydrazine-phthalazines) Calcium metabolism regulators (see -tant) Ecteinascodin derivatives Antiparasitics (ivermectin type) (see -stat) (see -kin) Erythromycin derivatives lacking antibiotic activity Endothelin receptor antagonists (see -cog) (see -kin) Ergot alkaloid derivatives Analgesics (meperidine type) Growth factors Growth factors ; vascular endothelial growth factors Growth factors ; epidermal growth factors Growth factors ; fibroblast growth factors Growth factors ; tumor necrosis factors Growth factors ; platelet derived growth factors Growth factors ; insulin-like growth factors Growth factors ; transforming growth factors growth factors ; bone morphogenetic proteins Estrogens Estrogen antagonists Diuretics (piretanide type) (see -kin) Oxazolidinone antibacterials Farnesyl transferase inhibitor "fenamic acid" ester or salt derivatives Anti-inflammatory agents (anthranilic acid derivatives) Diagnostic aids ((phenylcarbamoyl)methyl iminodiacetic acid derivatives) Analgesics (fenamic acid subgroup) Narcotic analgesics (fentanyl derivatives) Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (see -ermin) Amfetamine derivatives Fibrinogen receptor antagonists (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists) (see -tide) Antihyperlipidemics (clofibrate type) Hydrophilic contact lens materials Sphingosine derivatives 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) inhibitors General inhalation anesthetics (halogenated alkane derivatives) Phosphoro-derivatives Hydrophobic contact lens materials Hypoglycemics (phenformin type) Calcium channel blockers acting as vasodilators Antineoplastic, acylfulven derivatives Antifungal antibiotics (undefined group) Theophylline derivatives

Examples biricodar lamiquidar; zozuquidar; valspodar tecadenoson,; binodenoson; fostedil darodipine; felodipine;

alniditan levodopa aplindore fumarate tasidotin HCl hydralazine; endralazine; etidronate; tiludronate; monectedin doramectin; moxidectin;

mitemcinal bosentan

pergolide anileridine

telbermin murodermin ersofermin sonermin; tasonermin; becaplermin mecasermin cetermin dibotermin alfa estrone; fenestrel fulvestrant bumetanide eperezolid; linezolid; tipifarnib etofenamate flufenamic acid arclofenin floctafenine alfentanil; mirfentanil; brifentanil pumafentrine levmetamfetamine lamifiban; tirofiban; bezafibrate alphafilcon A; xylofilcon A; mipafilcon A cedefingol; safingol quiflapon enflurane adefovir trifocon A; pasifocon B; satafocon A buformin mibefradil viridofulven kalafungin enprofylline; bamifylline; cipamfylline v20110426

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Generic Stem -gabgado-gapil -ganan -gatran -gest-giline -gillin gli-gliptin -glitazar -glitazone -glumide -golix -gosivir -gramostim -grastim -grel- or -grel guan-ibat -icam -icodar -ifen(e) -ilide -imepodib -imex -imibe-imod subgroup: -mapimod -imus io-irudin -isant -isomide -ium (also -onium) -ixafor -kacin -kalant -kalim -kalner -kef-kin subgroups: -decakin -dodekin -elvekin -eptakin -exakin -leukin -nakin subgroups: -onakin -benakin -nonakin -octakin -penkin -trakin

Stem Definition Gabamimetics Gadolinium derivatives (principally for diagnostic use) Neuronal apoptosis inhibitors; GAPDH Antimicrobial, bactericidal permeability increasing polypeptide Thrombin inhibitors (argatroban type) Progestins MAO inhibitors, type B Antibiotics (Aspergillus strains) Antihyperglycemics Antihyperglycemics ; dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-IV inhibitors Antihyperglycemics ; PPAR agonists (not thiazolidene derivatives) Antihyperglycemics ; PPST agonists (thiazolidene derivatives) CCK antagonists, antiulcer, anxiolytic agent GnRH receptor antagonists (nonpeptide) (see -vir) (see -stim) (see -stim) Platelet aggregation inhibitors (undefined group) Antihypertensives (guanidine derivatives) Ileal bile acid transport inhibitor Anti-inflammatory agents (isoxicam type) (see -dar) Antiestrogens of the clomifene and tamoxifen groups Class III antiarrhythmic agents Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitors Immunostimulants Antihyperlipidaemics, acyl CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors Immunomodulators Immunomodulators ; mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitors Immunosuppressives Iodine-containing contrast media Anticoagulants (hirudin type) Histamine H3 receptor antagonists Antiarrhythmics (disopyramide derivatives) Quaternary ammonium derivatives CXCR4 antagonists Antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces kanamyceticus (related to kanamycin) Potassium channel antagonists Potassium channel agonists Opener of large conductance calcium-activated (maxi-k) K+ channels Enkephalin agonists (various indications) Interleukin type substances Interleukin type substances ; interleukin-10 analogues and derivatives Interleukin type substances ; interleukin-12 analogues and derivatives Interleukin type substances ; interleukin 11 analogues and derivatives Interleukin type substances ; interleukin 7 analogues and derivatives Interleukin type substances ; interleukin 6 analogues and derivatives Interleukin type substances ; interleukin 2 analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; interleukin 1-a analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; iinterleukin 1-b analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; iinterleukin 9 analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; iinterleukin 8 analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; iinterleukin 5 analogues and derivatives Interleukin 1 analogues and derivatives ; iinterleukin 4 analogues and derivatives

Examples fengabine gadodiamide; gadoteridol; gadobenate omigapil iseganan; pexiganan; efegatran megestrol selegiline mitogillin gliflumide vildagliptin farglitizar ciglitazone; rosiglitazone amiglumide; itriglumide; rupugolix

itazigrel; dimetagrel; furegrelate guanoctine barixibat enolicam; tenoxicam; nitromifene; raloxifene; droloxifene ibutilide; risotilide; dofetilide merimepodib forfenimex; roquinimex; ubenimex eldacimibe; avasimibe; pactimibe ivarimod; pidotimod; dormapimod tacrolimus; napirimus; gusperimus; sirolimus iodamide desirudin cipralisant bidisomide clidinium; disiquonium; polixetonium; plerixifor amikacin almokalant; terikalant cromakalim; aprikalim; flindokalner metkephamide; casokefamide;

ilodecakin edodekin alfa oprelvekin atexakin alfa teceleukin; aldesleukin

pitonakin mobenakin

emoctakin

binetrakin

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Generic Stem -kinra subgroups: -nakinra -kiren -lazad -leptin -leukin -lipim -locib -lubant -lukast -lutamide -lutril -mab -axo-les-toxa-mantadine or mantine -mastat -meline -melteon -mer -mesine -mestane -metacin -micin -monam -morelin -moren -mostim -motine -moxin -mulin -multin -mustine -mycin nab- or -nab-nakalant -nakin nal-navir -nercept -nermin -nertant -nesib -netant -neurin -nicline -nidap -nidazole nifur-nil -punil -quinil -nixin -nonacog

Stem Definition Interleukin receptor antagonists Interleukin receptor antagonists ; interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonists Renin inhibitors Lipid peroxidation inhibitors Leptin derivatives (see -kin) Lipoprotein lipase activators Antineoplastics that inhibit the formation of 5-LO, LTB4, LTC4, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2); and Activate PPARg nuclear receptors Leukotriene receptor antagonists (treatment of inflammatory skin disorders) (see -ast) Antiandrogens Neutral endopeptidase inhibitors possessing additional endothelin converting enzyme inhibitory activity Monoclonal antibodies Monoclonal antibodies ; rat-murine hybrid antibodies Monoclonal antibodies ; infix for inflammatory/infectious lesions Monoclonal antibodies ; toxin as a target Antivirals/antiparkinsonians (adamantane derivatives) (see -stat) Cholinergic agonists (arecoline derivatives used in treatment of Alzheimer's disease) Selective melatonin receptor agonist Polymers Sigma receptor ligands Antineoplastics (aromatase inhibitors) Anti-inflammatory agents (indomethacin type) Antibiotics (Micromonospora strains) Monobactam antibiotics (see -relin) Non-peptidic growth hormone secretagogues (see -stim) Antivirals (quinoline derivatives) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (hydrazine derivatives) Antibacterials, pleuromulin derivatives Mucosal tolerance inductors Antineoplastics (chloroethylamine derivatives) Antibiotics (Streptomyces strains) Cannabinol derivatives Mixed sodium/potassium channel blockers (see -kin) Narcotic agonists/antagonists (normorphine type) (see vir-) (see -cept) (see -ermin) Neurotensin receptor antagonists Kinesin inhibitors (see -tant) Neurotensin receptor antagonists; neurotropins Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonists/agonists nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (tenidap Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (tenidap type) Antiprotozoal substances (metronidazole type) 5-nitrofuran derivatives Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists/agonists Mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor (MBR) selective, partial, or inverse agonists (purine derivatives) Benzodiazepine receptor agonists, also partial or inverse (quinoline derivatives) Anti-inflammatory agents (anilinonicotinic acid derivatives) (see -cog)

Examples

anakinra ditekiren; terlakiren; zankiren tirilazad metreleptin ibrolipim etalocib ticolubant bicalutamide; flutamide; daglutril imciromab; abciximab; capromab; dacliximab; det

urtoxazumab rimantadine; dopamantine

xanomeline ramelteon cadexomer; carbetimer igmesine; panamesine plomestane zidometacin maduramicin; gentamicin gloximonam; oximonam; tigemonam ibutamoren famotine benmoxin; domoxin; retapamulin ismomultin carmustine lincomycin nabazenil; dronabinol vernakalant nalmefene

reminertant ispinesib abrineurin altinicline ilonidap; tenidap; tinidazole nifuratel; nifuratrone; emapunil lirequinil clonixin

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v20110426

Generic Stem -nonakin -octacog -octakin -olol -olone -onide -opilone -orex -orphan -osuran -otilate -oxacin -oxan -oxanide -oxef -oxetine -pafant -pamide -pamil -pamine -panel -parcil -parcin -parin -parinux -paroid peg-penem -penkin perflu-peridol -peridone -perone -pezil -pidem -pirdine -pirox -pitant -plact -pladib -planin -platin -plasninin -plermin -plestim -plon -poetin -porfin -pramine -prazan -prazole subgroup: -maprazole pred-, -pred- or pred -pressin -pride -pril -prilat -prinim -prim -prisnil -pristin

Stem Definition (see -kin) (see -cog) (see -kin) Beta-blockers (propranolol type) Steroids (not prednisolone derivatives) Topical steroids (acetal derivatives) Epothilone Anorexiants Narcotic antagonists/agonists dextro-(morphinan derivatives) Urotensin receptor antagonists Hepatoprotectants, di-isopropyl-1,3-dithiol- malonate derivatives Antibacterials (quinolone derivatives) Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists (benzodioxane derivatives) Antiparasitics (salicylanilide derivatives) Antibiotics (oxacefalosporanic acid derivatives) Antidepressants (fluoxetine type) Platelet-activating factor antagonists Diuretics (sulfamoylbenzoic acid derivatives) Coronary vasodilators (verapamil type) Dopaminergics (butopamine type) AMPA receptor antagonists Antithrombotics Glycopeptide antibiotics Heparin derivatives and low molecular weight (or depolymerized) heparins Antithrombotyic indirect selective synthetic factor Xa inhibitors Antithrombotics (heparinoid type) PEGylated compounds Antibacterial antibiotics (carbapenem derivatives) (see -kin) Blood substitutes and/or diagnostics (perfluorochemicals) Antipsychotics (haloperidol type) Antipsychotics (risperidone type) Antianxiety agents/neuroleptics (4'-fluoro-4-piperidinobutyrophenone derivatives) Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used in the treatment of Alzheimers disease Hypnotics/sedatives (zolpidem type) Cognition enhancers Antimycotics (pyridone derivatives) (see -tant) Platelet factor 4 analogs and derivatives Phospholipase A2 inhibitors Antibacterials (Actinoplanes strains) Antineoplastics (platinum derivatives) Inhibitors of plasminogen activator inhibitors type 1 (see -ermin) (see -stim) Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics, sedatives, hypnotics Erythropoietins Benzoporphyrin derivatives Antidepressants (imipramine type) Acid pump inhibitors, not dependent on acid activation Antiulcer agents (benzimidazole derivatives) Antiulcer agents (benzimidazole derivatives) ; acid pump inhibitors Prednisone and prednisolone derivatives Vasoconstrictors (vasopressin derivatives) Sulpiride derivatives Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors) Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors) (diacid analogs of the -pril entity) Nootropic agents, purine derivatives Antibacterials (trimethoprim type) Selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRM) Antibacterials, pristinamycin derivatives

Examples

timolol; atenolol minaxolone amcinonide filopilone fludorex methorphan; dextrorphan palosuran mivotilate difloxacin; ciprofloxacin imiloxan bromoxanide flomoxef dapoxetine; seproxetine apafant; dacopafant; tulopafant; lexipafant alipamide tiapamil fosopamine; ibopamine; fanapanel; irumpanel; talampanel beciparcil; iliparcil; avoparcin heparin; tinzaparin; dalteparin fondaparinux danaparoid; sulparoid pegcaristim; pegnartograstim; pegvisomant imipenem perflubron; perflunafene; haloperidol risperidone; iloperidone; ocaperidone duoperone icopezil ; donepezil; zolpidem; alpidem; linopirdine; besipirdine; sibopirdine ciclopirox iroplact ecopladib mideplanin; ramoplanin; teicoplanin cisplatin tiplasninin

ocinaplon ; zaleplon; epoetin alfa; epoetin beta; verteporfin; temoporfin lofepramine omidaprazan omeprazole; disuprazole; pumaprazole prednicarbate; cloprednol; oxisopred desmopressin remoxipride; zacopride; enalapril; temocapril; spirapril enalaprilat; spiraprilat; leteprinim ormetoprim asoprisnil quinupristin; efepristin; v20110426

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Generic Stem -pristone -profen -prost- or -prost -protafib -pultide -proget -queside -racetam -racil -relin -morelin -tirelin -relix -renone -restat -retin- or -retin -rev -tucirev -ribine rifa-rinone -rozole -rsen -rubicin sal-, -sal- or -sal -sartan -semide -sermin -serod -serpine -setron -siban -sidomine somsom- -bove som- -por -sonan -spirone -spodar -sporin -stat-, -stat subgroups: -castat -elestat -inostat -mastat -(a)mostat -restat- or -restat -vastatin -urestat -stat-stat-statin -ster-steride -stigmine -stim subgroups: -distim -gramostim -grastim

Stem Definition Progesterone receptor antagonists Anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents (ibuprofen type) Prostaglandin derivatives Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors (see -tide) Nonsteroidal ligand for the progesterone receptor Cholesterol sequestrants (glycosides) Nootropes (piracetam type) Uracil type antineoplastics Prehormones or hormone-release stimulating peptides subgroups: Growth hormone-release stimulating peptides Thyrotropin releasing hormone analogues Hormone-release inhibiting peptides aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone type) Aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone type) (see -stat) Retinol derivatives Therapeutic virus Therapeutic virus ; tumoricidal Ribofuranil derivatives (pyrazofurin type) Antibiotics (rifamycin derivatives) Cardiotonics (amrinone type) Aromatase inhibitors (imidazole/triazole derivatives) Antisense oligonucleotides Antineoplastic antibiotics (daunorubicin type) Anti-inflammatory agents (salicylic acid derivatives) Angiotensin II receptor antagonists Diuretics (furosemide type) (see -ermin) Serotonin receptor antagonists and partial agonists Rauwolfia alkaloid derivatives Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists Oxytocin antagonists Antianginals (sydnone derivatives) Growth hormone derivatives Growth hormone derivatives ; bovine somatotropin derivatives Growth hormone derivatives ; porcine somatotropin derivatives 5-HT1B receptor antagonists Anxiolytics (buspirone type) (see -dar) Immunosuppressants (cyclosporine type) Enzyme inhibitors Enzyme inhibitors ; dopamine beta-hydrolase (DBH) inhibitors Enzyme inhibitors ; elastase inhibitors Enzyme inhibitors ; inhibitors of histone deacetylase Enzyme inhibitors ; antineoplastics (matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors) Enzyme inhibitors ; proteolytic enzyme inhibitors Aldose-reductase inhibitors Antihyperlipidemics (HMG-CoA inhibitors) Urease inhibitor Renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor Pepsin inhibitor Renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor pepsin inhibitor Steroids (androgens, anabolics) Testosterone reductase inhibitors Cholinesterase inhibitors (physostigmine type) Colony-stimulating factors Colony-stimulating factors ; conjugates of two different types of colonystimulating factors Colony-stimulating factors ; granulocyte macrophage colony- stimulating factors (GM-CSF) Colony-stimulating factors ; granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF)

Examples mifepristone flurbiprofen rioprostil; dinoprost ertiprotafib tanaproget pamaqueside piracetam eniluracil; gemeracil; oteracil nafarelin dumorelin protirelin detirelix canrenone etretinate; pelretin lontucirev loxoribine rifapentine; rifampin; milrinone letrozole; fadrozole; vorozole alicaforsen esorubicin; idarubicin mesalamine; diflunisal; balsalazide losartan; eprosartan; azosemide piboserod reserpine ondansetron; granisetron; lurosetron barusiban pirsidomine; molsidomine; linsidomine somatrem; somatropin; sometribove sometripor; somagrepor; elzasonan zalospirone; tiospirone; geclesporin; oxeclosporin

nepicastat sivelestat dacinostat batimastat nafamostat ponalrestat; tolrestat; atorvastatin; lovastatin; pravastatin benurestat cilastatin pepstatin cilastatin; pepstatin testosterone epristeride; fenasteride; quilostigmine; teserstigmine;

milodistim molgramostim; regramostim; sargramostim; ecogr filgrastim; lenograstim; v20110426

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Generic Stem -mostim -plestim -stinel -sulam sulfa-sulfan -lind subgroups: -sulind -tant subgroups: -dutant -netant -pitant -tapide -taxel -tecan -tecarin -tepa -teplase -termin -terol -tesind -texafin -thiazide -tiapine -tiazem -tibant -tide subgroups: -fibatide -pultide -tidine -tinib -tirelin -tirome -tocin -toclax -toin -toran -tox(a)-traposin -trexate -trexed -tricin -tril -trilat -triptan -triptyline -troban -trodast -troline -trombopag trop- or -trop-uclin -uplase -uracil -uridine -vaptan -vastatin -verine vin- or -vin-

Stem Definition Colony-stimulating factors ; macrophage colony-stimulating factors (M-CSF) Colony-stimulating factors ; interleukin 3 derivatives; pleiotropic colonystimulating factors NMDA receptor antagonists (glycine recognition site) Antineoplastics, apoptosis inducing sulfonamide Antimicrobials (sulfonamides derivatives) Antineoplastics, alkylating agents (methanesulfonate derivatives) Pro-apoptotic cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors Pro-apoptotic cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors ; antineoplastics, sulindac metabolites Tachykinin (neurokinin) receptor antagonists Tachykinin (neurokinin) receptor antagonists ; NK2 receptor antagonists Tachykinin (neurokinin) receptor antagonists ; NK3 receptor antagonists Tachykinin (neurokinin) receptor antagonists ; NK1 receptor antagonists Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitors Antineoplastics, taxane derivatives Antineoplastics (camptothecine derivatives) Antineoplastics (rebeccamycin derivatives) Antineoplastics (thiotepa derivatives) (see -ase) (see -ermin) Bronchodilators (phenethylamine derivatives) Thymidilate synthetase inhibitors (benzindole derivatives) Texaphryn derivatives Diuretics (thiazide derivatives) Antipsychotics (dibenzothiazepine derivatives) Calcium channel blockers (diltiazem type) Antiasthmatics (bradykinin antagonists) Peptides and glycopeptides Peptides and glycopeptides ; platelet aggregation inhibitors (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists) Peptides and glycopeptides ; peptides used as pulmonary surfactants H2-receptor antagonists (cimetidine type) Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (see -relin) Antihyperlidaemic, thyromimetic derivatives Oxytocin derivatives Antineoplastic, BLC-2 inhibitor Antiepileptics (hydantoin derivatives) TLR4 receptor antagonists Toxins AP2 inhibitors Antimetabolites (folic acid derivatives) Antineoplastic thymidylate synthetase inhibitors Antibiotics (polyene derivatives) Endopeptidase inhibitors Antimigraine agents (5-HT1 receptor agonists) Antidepressants (dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptane derivatives) Antithrombotics (thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists) (see -ast) Antipsychotics (dopamine D2 antagonists) Thrombopoetin agonists Atropine derivatives Mucosal tolerance inhibitors (see -ase) Uracil derivatives used as thyroid antagonists and as antineoplastics Antivirals; antineoplastics (uridine derivatives) Vasopressin receptor antagonists (see -stat) Spasmolytic agents (papaverine type) Vinca alkaloids

Examples mirimostim daniplestim licostinel indisulam sulfasalazine busulfan ractalind; dractalind exisulind

saredutant osanetant dapitant; zinapitant; lanepitant implitapide paclitaxel topotecan; irinotecan; becatecarin azetepa

albuterol metesind motexafin chlorothiazide quitiapine diltiazem ; clentiazem; iprotiazem icatibant octreotide eptifibatide sinapultide lupitidine; ranitidine; donetidine canertinib, ; imatinib,; mubritinib anitirome; axitirome; oxytocin obatoclax albutoin eritoran urtoxazumab seltraposin methotrexate pemetrexed; ralitrexed; nolatrexed mepartricin candoxatril; candoxatrilat; naratriptan; oxitriptan; sumatriptan amitriptyline daltroban ; sulotroban; carvotroline; gevotroline; eltrombopag benztropine

fluorouracil idoxuridine conivaptan; relcovaptan; mebeverine vinepidine; apovincamine v20110426

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Generic Stem vir-, -vir- or -vir subgroups: -amivir -cavir -cyclovir -ciclovir -gosivir -navir -virdine -virenz -virsen -vircept -virdine -virenz -virimat -viroc -criviroc -vudine -xaban -xanox -(x)antrone -zolamide -zolast -zomib -zotan

Stem Definition Antiviral substances (undefined group)

Examples ganciclovir; enviradine; viroxime; alvircept; delavird zanamivir lobucavir acyclovir desciclovir ; famciclovir; penciclovir celgosivir droxinavir; indinavir; ritonavir atevirdine; delevirdine; efavirenz afovirsen; fomivirsen; trecovirsen

Antiviral substances ; neuraminidase inhibitors Antiviral substances ; carbocyclic nucleosides Antiviral substances ; (acyclovir type) Antiviral substances ; (acyclovir type) Antiviral substances ; glucosidase inhibitor Antiviral substances ; HIV protease inhibitors (saquinavir type) Antiviral substances ; (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; pyridine derivatives) Antivirals (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; benzoxazinone derivatives) Antivirals (antisense) (see -cept) (see vir) (see vir) Antiviral, disrupts viral maturation CCR5 antagonists CCR5 antagonists, immunomodulators Antineoplastics; antivirals (zidovudine group) (exception: edoxudine) Anticoagulant (Factor Xa inhibitor) Antiallergic respiratory tract drugs (xanoxic acid derivatives) Antineoplastics, mitoxantrone derivatives aza-anthracenedione class of antitumor agents Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (see -ast) Proteozome inhibitors 5-HT1A receptor agonists/antagonists acting primarily as neuroprotectors

bevirimat maraviroc ancriviroc stavudine; lamivudine; alovudine tamixaban tixanox pixantrone brinzolamide; dorzolamide; sezolamide bortezomib robalzotan; sarizotan; ibalzotan; lecozotan

Source: http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/jsp/drugportal/DrugNameGenericStems.jsp

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