ALplus2/ALCplus2 1

ALplus2 / ALCplus2
PACKET RADIO
EQUIPMENT
Adaptive Code Modulation

ALplus2/ALCplus2 2
Training items
1. ALplus and ALCplus2
2. SCT
3. WEBLCT screenshot
4. Link conIiguration
ALplus2/ALCplus2 3
PDH ALplus2/ALCplus2:
hardware and circuitry
1
ALplus2/ALCplus2 4
IDU
ALplus2 (modular)
ALCplus2 (single board)
ALplus2/ALCplus2 5
ODU
AL plus and ALC plus Copyright Siae Microelettronica S.p. a.
8
ODU
AS 03 edition
ASN
Unprotected ODU
1+1 ODU
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ALplus2 Connectors
LIM
RIM 1
RIM 2
Controller
LAN 1
LAN 2
LAN 3
STM1
(10/11/20)
16 E1 75/120 ODU cable
-48Vdc
USB
RS232
RJ45
Service
channels
2Mbit/s
way side
Alarm LEDs:
URG, NURG, SW,
TEST
Management
ports
NURGURG
SW
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ALCplus2 Connectors
16 E1 75/120
STM1
(10/11/20)
LAN 2, 4
LAN 1, 3
RJ45
management
LAN 3, 4
(optical)
2 E1 75/120
Nodal bus
ODU cable
-48Vdc (in parallel)
Power supply Fuse
USB
Alarm LEDs:
URG, NURG, SW,
TEST, power ON
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Connection to equipment
LAN using an internet browser with the MNGT port
address
USB/RS232 using a serial connection using the
WebLCT Console (on SIAE site: http://siaemic.com and, aIter the login,
Download area, SoItware, WEB LCT). The connection address is assigned by
the equipment itselI) with LCT port or RS232 port.
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ALCplus2 HW conIigurations
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Management ports 1/2
PC address assigned by IDU
TraIIic ethernet ports can be used Ior
management (in a separated VLAN)
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Management ports 2/2
PC address assigned by IDU
In case oI both equipments
(loc. and rem.) in the same
LAN
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WEB LCT
SCT: Equipment menu
WEB LCT main menu is
similar to SCT Equipment
menu.
This is the soItware to manage a single ALC plus.
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Remote element list
In order to have the whole link in one page only, local
equipment is declared 'managed by SCT, remote one is
declared 'remote link. Opposite conIiguration on
remote side.
172.18.81.20 WEBLCT
172.18.81.22 WEBLCT
172.18.81.20 172.18.81.22
Local
Local
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Status display
local
alarms
conIiguration
activity
name and
hardware
Rx active
branch
Tx and Rx
ACM proIiles
TDM
capacity
ethernet
capacity
RF channel
and
Irequencies
Tx and Rx
power
Tx active
branch
connection
IDU C
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WEB LCT: equipment conIiguration
ConIiguration
ACM setting
Alarms thresholds,
Tx and Rx switches
RF channel
Tributaries
Commands to conIigure a single equipment
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IDU ConIiguration
STM-1 Mode (10/11)
Link conIiguration
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Controller substitution
When a new Controller is mounted, download the backup
conIiguration Iile beIore pushing the 'Apply conIiguration button
RED: when there is a mismatch
between working conIiguration and
Controller conIiguration
Application Alarm
Apply config.
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STM1 synchronisation
Under developement
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ACM setting
Downshift (Irom 256QAM to 4QAM): the modulation complexity and the radio
capacity decrease.
Upshift (Irom 4QAM to 256QAM): the modulation complexity and the radio
capacity increase.
For each modulation proIile the number oI extra TDM (and then the Ethernet bitrate)
can me set.
Radio capacity:
Ethernet
Permanent TDM (high priority E1)
Extra TDM (low priority E1)
ACM enable: bandwidth and
reIerence modulation (its mask can
not be exceeded by no ACM proIile)
ACM disable: bandwidth and used
modulation
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Permanent and
extra E1
Permanent: E1 present with all ACM proIile
Extra
Capacity Ior E1 streams
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Adaptive Code ModuIation 1 / 2
ACM profiIes
n ALplus2/ALCplus2 radio family uses Adaptive Code and Modulation (ACM) in order to employ the correct modulation
profile depending on the Rx signaI quaIity.
Available ACM profiles are the following:
O "AM strong
O "AM
O 8 PSK
O 16 "AM
O 32 "AM
O 6"AM
O 128"AM
O 256 "AM
ACM switching
%he usage of the previous modulation profiles in a fixed channel bandwidth results in a variable capacity.
%he criteria defining the necessity of an ACM switching, upshift or downshift, is the Rx S/N ratio.
O &pshift - hen there is an increase of received S/N, within the same Channel Spacing, the modulation
complexity is increased in the direction from "AM strong to 256"AM increasing the spectral efficiency
O ownshift - hen there is a decrease of received S/N, within the same Channel Spacing, the modulation is
reduced in the direction from 256"AM to "AM strong reducing the spectral efficiency,
%hese profiles operate in an RF channel with the following
bandwidth:
O MHz
O 1 MHz
O 28 MHz
O 56 MHz
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Adaptive Code ModuIation 2 / 2
ACM setting
%he ACM can vary modulation profiles between two extremes defined by the operator through software configuration: Upper
Modulation and Lower Modulation.
O &pper ModuIation - hen propagation into the given radio channel is in the better condition (high Rx
S/N), the radio link is working at the maximum throughput defined at Upper Modulation: the highest
modulation profile that ACM can employ
O ower moduIation - hen propagation into the given radio channel is in the worst condition (low Rx
S/N), the radio link is working at the minimum throughput, defined at Lower Modulation: the lowest
modulation profile that ACM can employ
%x Power mode
%x power mode can be set as Constant Peak or Constant Average (constant bolometer measurement).
O Constant Peak Power increasing when the modulation decreases. %he profile is used onIy if a moduIation
corresponding to the minimum moduIation has been seIected as reference.
O Constant Average %x power is the same at any modulation.
%he Tx Power mode is set depending on the modulation license of the user and depending on the Lower Modulation that has
been set.
Reference ModuIation & Bandwidth
%he Bandwidth & Modulation parameter is the profile that the Link design is based (Max. P%, emitted spectrum mask).
ith Constant Average %x power (%x Power Constant Peak Mode = Disable), the %x power at "AM and any other
modulation is the same of Upper Modulation, so if Upper Modulation is 256"AM the output power at any modulation is the
same of 256"AM which is .5 dB less than "AM. %he result is that enabling 256"AM is a big advantage for traffic but less
link budget margin at "AM.
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Capacity
Bandwidth 7MHz 14MHz 28MHz 56MHz
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Radio Throughput (max E1 number)
Radio %hroughput E1

8
1
3
5
10
20
0

1
30
60
10
20
0
80
12
25
50
80
15
30
60
80
1
35
0
80
20
0
80 80
0
10
20
30
0
50
60
0
80
90
MHz 1 MHz 28 MHz 56 MHz
Channel Bandwith
M
a
x

E
1
"AMst
"AM
8PSK
16"AM
32"AM
6"AM
128"AM
256"AM
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General Preset
Rx Power Low alarm threshold
Local Tx switch in case both
Remote Rx are alarmed: iI remote
Rx are alarmed Ior more than 10
sec in one minute, on local side Tx
switch is perIormed and a Tx Fail
alarm is active (to reset manually)
Link name
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Synchronisation
Synchronisation source has to be
selected among the three possibilities:
STM-1, Radio link and E1
Priority Ior each source has to be set
Alarms can be
DriIt (Bad quality)
LTI (Loss oI timing input
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Ethernet switch
QinQ
91 00: Iield to add (the same on local and on remote switch) in case
oI double tag. This Iield is add aIter the Destination Address in the
overhead beIore the transmission and is deleted by the switch on
the other side as soon as it has been received.
The Double tag is the deIault tag oI each external input port
Packet output queue
depending on packet
priority
LiIe oI addresses in the
MAC address table
Max packet size
Queue emptying policy
8421 WRR: 8 packets with
prority 3, then 4 with prority 2,
then 2 with prority 1 and then 1
with priority 0.
Strict priority: a packet can go
out only iI the upper priority
queue is empty
Strict 3: all priority 3 packets
can go out, aIter them all the
other using 8421WRR policy
Strict 3 and 2: all priority 3 and
2 packets can go out, aIter
them all the other using
8421WRR policy
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Priority
802.1p
IpTOS
Priority queues
are set Ior all
the ports
Priority
management
can be deIined
port by port
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LLF
Seconds beIore the LLF
alarm
Port by port, the port
to check Ior LLF can
be set
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VLAN
Disable 802.1q: no Tag Iilter, 'LAN per port
rules
Fallback: iI input is tagged, 'irtual LAN map rules
will be Iollowed; iI input tag is not present in the map
or input is untagged, Lan per port rules will be
Iollowed
Secure: iI input is tagged, 'irtual LAN map rules
will be Iollowed; iI input tag is not present in the map
or input is untagged, packets will be dropped
VLAN can be used to route packets through
local and remote switch.
II VLAN are not used, 'Lan per port
assignment is used port by port
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LAN PORT
Ethernet synch.
LAN cable
From 64Kb to Full Rate
Auto Negotiation
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Power Over Ethernet
(ALplus2 only)
Ethernet LAN 2 only has POE Iacility
Power Sourcing Equipment class is auto
recognized (Class 0, 1, 2 devices only)
Class 0 8W
Class 1 3.84W
Class 2 3.84 6.49W
PD (power device)
Status
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Spanning tree
%he $panning %ree ProtocoI ($%P) is a link layer protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for
any bridged LAN.
MAC address & priority
standard/rapid
STP params
edge/no edge
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CrossConnect Matrix
Radio-Tributary
Tributary
(Front panel connectors)
Radio capacity
Extra (Low priority)
Permanent (High priority)
CrossConnection is perIormed
with a Drag `n` Drop oI the E1 slot
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Radio-Radio
crossconnection
(passthrough)
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Trib.-Trib. crossconnection
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CrossConnection List
Selection column
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ATPC
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Link conIiguration
10
11 hot stand by
11 Ireq. diversity
11 space diversity
20
Node
ALplus2/ALCplus2 40
11 hot stand-by
F
HIGH
F
LOW
Stand-by
Active
Both radios, working at the same Irequency, are active in Rx but only
one is active in Tx:
1 antenna Branching losses are inserted in link budget
2 antennas Link is in space diversity (and without branching losses)
Best perIormance Ior d1502 (ddistance between antennas)
ODU ODU
ODU
ODU
IDU IDU
1 1
2
2
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11 Irequency diversity
ODU ODU
ODU
ODU
IDU IDU
1 1
2
2
All radios, working at diIIerent Irequencies, are active in Rx and Tx
1 antenna Branching losses are inserted in link budget
2 antennas Link is in space diversity (and without branching losses)
F1
HIGH
F1
LOW
F2
HIGH
F2
LOW
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ODU
POLE MOUNTING
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10 Integrated Antenna
$%ANDARD POLE MOUNTING KIT
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11 Integrated Antenna
$%ANDARD POLE MOUNTING KIT
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10 Not Integrated Antenna
$%ANDARD POLE MOUNTING KIT
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11 Not Integrated Antenna
$%ANDARD POLE MOUNTING KIT
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10 Integrated Antenna
A$%LOCK POLE MOUNTING KIT
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11 Integrated Antenna
A$%LOCK POLE MOUNTING KIT
ALplus2/ALCplus2 49
10 Not Integrated Antenna
A$%LOCK POLE MOUNTING KIT
ALplus2/ALCplus2 50
11 Not Integrated Antenna
A$%LOCK POLE MOUNTING KIT