METROLOGY LABORATORY

NAME: Swarup Ghosh

CLASS : B.M.E. III; B
2
ROLL : 000611201094
EXPERIMENT NO. 3
DATE : 22-04-09
TITLE : MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL RADIUS
BY SLIPGAUGE, VERNIER CALLIPER & ROLLER
1. A. Sketch the radius gauge and state its use.
B. A portion of solid sphere is available. Deduce an
expression for measuring its radius of curvature with the
help of fixed roller type micrometer depth gauge

Ans :>
A.
USE :
These are frequently used to measure clearances between
components. A familiar example is the use of these gauges
for adjusting the spark gap between the distributor points of
an automobile.
B.
In this above figure a micrometer type of instrument by
means of which the radii of both convex an of concave are can
be determined. From this figure the distance a from the arc to
the line joining the roller. Centre is measured by means of the
micrometers. From these dimensions together with the centre
distance of the roller and then diameters the radius is calculated.
The instrument is first placed on a true straight edge and a
reading of the micrometer is taken with spindle in contact with
the straight line. It is then placed on the arc and a reading taken
on this. The difference between the two readings is the height of
the arc above tangent to the rollers (h).
Then, a = h d/2
And, (R + d/2)
2
= (c/2)
2
+ (R - a)
2

or, (R + d/2)
2
= (c/2)
2
+ (R h + d/2)
2
or, 2Rh = c
2
/4 h(d - h)
or, R = c
2
/8h - (d - h)/2
To provide the error micrometer reading must be taken very carefully.
2. With neat sketch and deduction of necessary formulae,
show how to determine accurately the different diameters of
a cylindrical shell under the following situations when a part
of the shell is available:
i. Concave side diameter of the job is extra
large in size.
ii. Convex side diameter of the job when the
job can be held conveniently on the surface
plate.
iii. Both convex and concave side diameters of
the job are very small in size.
Ans :>

( )
2
2
2
2 2 2 2
2
2 8 2
2
4
M M h
OA OB AB R R h R
M
R h Diameter
h
_
+ + +

,
+
For measurement using rollers, using Pythagoras theorem,
When the job is very small in size the it is fastened on a table
room microscope and the Cartesian coordinates of three points on the
arc is determined moving the microscope to bring the required point
under the cross hairs of the microscope. The coordinates of the
microscope can be measured by the scale attached to it. The
coordinates are then put in the equation of a circle:
It becomes simpler when the coordinates of the origin of the
system is one point one the arc, The equations yield:
( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2 2
4 4 4
2
4
d d M d
R R
M d
d d
R Rd R Rd
M d
R
d

_ _ _
+ +

, , ,

+ + + +

2 2
2 2
2 2 0
The radius can be obtained by the formula
x y gx hy c
R g f c
+ + + +
+ +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
{ }
( )
2 2
1 1 1 1
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
1
2
2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
1 2 2 1
0
2 2 0
2 2 0
,
2
c
x y fx gy
x y fx gy
So
R g f
x y x y x x y y
R
x y x y

+ + +
+ + +
+
1
+ + +
1
]

: SAMPLE CALCULATION:
With small diameter rollers;
h = 25.70 mm. d = 10.80 mm.
Length of the slip gauge s = 43.01 mm.
R = [ (s + d)
2
/4 + h(h - d) ]
/
[ 2(h - d)]
= 37.14 mm.
With large diameter rollers;
h = 25.70 mm. d = 15.90 mm.
Length of the slip gauge s = 27.45 mm.
R = [ (s + d)
2
/4 + h(h - d) ]
/
[ 2(h - d)]
= 36.81 mm.
Mean internal radius R
mean
= (37.14 + 27.45)
/
2
= 36.97 mm.