Name of drug Clopidogrel

Specific action Anti-platelet Agent

Mechanism of action

Indication Used in thromboembolic disorders. it is an analogue of ticlopidine and acts by inhibiting adenosine diphosphate platelet aggregation.

Contraindication Side effects Hypersensitivity, active pathological bleeding such as peptic ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage. GI bleeding intracranial bleeding neutropenia agranulocytosis abdominal pain dyspepsia gastritis constipation diarrhea

Blocks ADP receptors, which prevent fibrinogen binding at that site and thereby reduce the possibility of platelet adhesion and aggregation.

Nursing Responsibilities assess for any hypersensitivity reactions Assess for any bleeding or any side effects Monitor lab. result monitor clients general condition

Name of drug ASA

Specific action Anti-platelet agent

Mechanism of action

Indication Prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke. analgesic and anti-pyretic

Contraindication Side effects Patients with dyspepsia hemophilia hemorrhagic disorder gout
GI disturbances

Nursing Responsibilities

Relieves pain and reduces inflammation by inhibition of peripheral prostaglandin synthesis. it also inhibits the synthesis or action of other mediators of inflammation.

allergic reaction hypoprothrombinemia reyes syndrome

Assess for any bleeding disorder assess for any allergic reaction take with meals monitor vital signs Monitor lab. result

Name of drug Enoxaparin

Specific action Anti-coagulant

Mechanism of action

Indication Prophylaxis of venous thrombosis in surgical patients. Patients with high risk of thromboembolism. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in medical patients bedridden due to acute illnesses including cardiac insufficiency, respiratory failure, severe infections and rheumatic disease.

Contraindication Side effects Conditions with a high risk of uncontrollable hemorrhage including major bleeding disorders and focal lesions. hemorrhage thrombocytopenia pain hematoma mild irritation

Accelerates formation of antithrombin IIIB- thrombin complex and deactivates thrombin, preventing conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Nursing Responsibilities Assess for any bleeding disorder before administration assess for any bleeding assess for complaints of pain or any side effects monitor vital signs monitor clients general condition

Name of drug Morphine sulfate

Specific action Analgesic, antipyretic and muscle relaxant

Mechanism of action

Indication Relief of moderate to severe pain

Contraindication Side effects

Known hypersensitivity

Binds with opioid receptors in the CNS causing alteration of both perception of and emotional response to pain through unknown mechanism.

respiratory depression acute or severe bronchial asthma paralytic ileus pregnancy and lactation

chills pruritus sweating abdominal pains anorexia constipation dry mouth dyspepsia nausea and vomiting

Nursing Responsibilities assess hypersensitivity reaction Assess for any contraindicatio n before administration of meds.

monitor for any side effects monitor clients level of consciousness monitor vital signs

Name of drug Furosemide

Specific action Loop diuretics

Mechanism of action

Indication Treatment of edema associated with CHF, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease including nephritic syndrome, useful as an adjunct to hypotensive agents in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema.

Contraindication Side effects anuria hepatic coma severe hypokalemia hyponatremia hypovolemia

Nursing Responsibilities

Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the proximal tubules, distal tubules and ascending loop of henle leading to excretion of water together with sodium, chloride and potassium.

Symptomatic hypotension dehydration hemoconcentration hypokalemia hyponatrmia

Assess and monitor lab. results monitor vital signs monitor intake and output encourage to eat foods rich in potassium like bananas monitor and regulate IVF properly

Name of drug Simvastatin

Specific action Anti-lipidemic

Mechanism of action

Indication Adjunct to diet for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Patients at high risk of coronary heart disease including patients with diabetes, history of stroke or other cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vessel disease, or witrh existing coronary heart disease to reduce risk of CV death

Contraindication hypersensitivity active liver disease children pregnancy and lactation

Side effects abdominal pain constipation flatulence nausea acid vomiting diarrhea dyspepsia headache

Nursing Responsibilities

Inhibits HMGCOA reductase enzyme, which reduces cholesterol synthesis; this enzyme is needed for cholesterol production.

Assess for any hypersensitivi ty reaction Assess for any contraindicati on before administratio n of meds. take with meals avoid foods high in fats monitor vital signs Monitor lab. result

Name of drug Ketosteril

Specific action ketoanalogues

Mechanism of action

Indication Prevention and therapy of damages that is faulty or deficient protein metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency in connection with limited protein in food of 40g/day patient with 5 and 15 ml/min.

Contraindication Side effects hypercalcemia disturbed amino acid metabolism hypercalcemia

Nursing Responsibilities

Normalizes metabolic process, promotes recycling product exchange, reduces ion concentration of K, magnesium and phosphate

assess lab result assess for hypercalcemia avoid foods rich in calcium monitor vital signs monitor clients general condition

Name of drug Paracetamol

Specific action NSAIDs

Mechanism of action

Indication Faster relief of mild to moderately severe pain of musculoskeletal origin . Reduction of fever.

Contraindication Side effects patients in whom bronchospasm , angioedema or nasal polyps are precipitated by other NSAIDs advance kidney and liver disease fluid retention increased BP hypotension CVA palpitation

Decreases fever by inhibiting the effects of pyrogens on the hypothalamic heat regulating centers and by a hypothalamic action leading to sweating and vasodilation . Relieves pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis at the CNS but does not have antiinflammatory action because of its minimal effect on peripheral prostaglandin synthesis.

Nursing Responsibilities Assess general condition of the patient Assess for any contraindicatio n before administration of meds.

Monitor vital signs esp. temp. and BP Monitor lab. result monitor intake and output