Name: ................................................................. Class:............................ Latih Tubi 4 : Momentum & Gravity QUEST. 1/05 Teknik 2007 1. Diagram 2.

1 shows a boy launching a water bottle rocket using the bicycle pump at the feild. The water in the bottle is ejected at very high speed backwards and the bottle rocket moves foward. 2/06 3/05 4/20 5/20 TOTAL/56 MARKS

a) State the physics principle that involved in the movement of the water bottle rocket?. ........................ [1 mark] b) Explain why the water bottle rocket moves foward?. ........................ [1 mark] c) The mass of the bottle rocket is 0.2 kg and the velocity of the water ejected is 2 ms-1. If the mass of the water is 0.2 kg, calculate the velocity of the bottle rocket.

[2 mark] d) Name one application of the physics principle stated in (a) in the feild of sports. ................................... [1 mark] Johor 2008 2. Diagram 3.1 shows a cheetah chasing a deer in a wild world. Given that the mass and velocity of the cheetah and the deer are 60 kg , 20 ms-1 and 70 kg , 15 ms-1 res pectively. Diagram 3.2 shows the cheetah successfully landed it's jaws on the deer and both of them are moving with a same velocity of v ms-1

(a) Name a physics quantity that relates the mass and velocity. .................................... [1 mark] 1

(b) State the type of energy that is possessed by the running cheetah? ............................... [1 mark] (c) Calculate the final velocity of the cheetah and the deer?

[2 mark] (d) (i) Name the Physics principle that is involved in the above hunting. .......................... [1 mark] (ii) Define the physics principle that you mension in d(i) ............................. [1 mark]

Sabah 2010

Diagram 2(a)

Diagram 2(b)

3. Diagram 2(a) shows the rocket used to send the capsule, Soyul into the outer space and Diagram 2(b) shows the capsule, Soyul is returning to the Earth. (a) What causes the apparent weight of Dr. Syeikh increases tremendously when the rocket takes off? ............................... [1 mark] (b) Show the formula that can be used to calculate the apparent weight of Dr. Syeikh if the acceleration of the rocket is and the mass of Dr. Syeikh is m kg. ................................ [1 mark] (c) The rocket is constructed in multi-stages. Each stage consist a combustion chamber and fuel. State the purpose to have multi-stages. State the principle used to achieve higher acceleration. ................................ ................................ [2 mark] (d) From the aspect of direction, identify and state the difference between the apparent weight acted on Dr. Syeikh when the capsule returns to the Earth ............................. [1 mark]

Kedah 2009 4. Diagram 9.1 shows a stationary pistol on a smooth surface. Diagram 9.2 shows the pistol and bullet after the pistol has been fired by remote control.

(a) (i) What is the meaning of momentum?

[1 mark]

(ii) State the total momentum of the pistol and bullet in Diagram 9.1. Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the total momentum before and after the bullet is fired. Using Diagram 9.2, compare the magnitude and direction of the momentum of the bullet and pistol. Name the physics principle that can be applied to the motion of the bullet and pistol. [5 marks] (b) Describe, in terms of momentum, the propulsion of a rocket engine. [4 marks] (c) Diagram 9.3 shows a the structure of a jet engine for a small jet plane.

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the jet engine so that it can be used on a larger jet plane that travels at a higher speed. Using the knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the aspects labeled on Diagram 9.3 [10 marks]

MRSM 2008 5 (a) Diagram 9.1 represents a 50 sen coin and a leaf falling in a vacuum container. The coin is heavier than the leaf. Using Diagram 9.1 and the information given about the weight of the two objects, compare the mass of the coin and the leaf, the time taken to fall, the positions of the coin and the leaf and finally, deduce the physical quantity which causes the objects to fall. [5 marks] 3

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a student trying to launch a water rocket.

You are required to give some suggestions on how to design a water rocket for a national competition. Using the knowledge on forces, motion and properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following aspects: (i) Material used (ii) Shape of the rocket (iii) Angle of launching (iv) Volume of water in the rocket (v) Added structure for the motion of the rocket [10 marks]

(c) A stone which is released from a tall building falls down in the air. During the fall, the stone experiences an energy change. (i) (ii) What is meant by energy change? Explain the energy changes for the stone. [1 mark] [4 marks]

SKEMA LATIH TUBI 4 MOMENTUM&GRAVITY

1(a) (b) (c)

(d) 2 (a) (b) (c) (d)

Principle of conservation of momentum When the water is pushed backwards, the bottle gets a foward momentum Mementum of water = momentum of the rocket 0.2 x 2 = 0.2 x v v = 2 ms-1 A sprinter startting off from the starting blocks TOTAL Momentum Kinetic energy (60)(20) + (70)(15) = (60+70)v V=17.31 ms-1 (i) Principle of conservation of momentum (ii) In the absence of external forces, the total momentum of a system remains unchange TOTAL The high acceleration of the rocket Apparent weight = m (g + a) Reduce mass by dropping the stage when fuel is used up. (Newton Second Law,Force Constant a is inversly propotional to m)

1 1 2

1 5 1 1 2 1 1 6 1 1 1 1

3. (a) (b) (c)

(d)

4(a)(i) (a)(ii)

(b)

The apparent weight acts in opposite direction compare to before. TOTAL - Product of mass and velocity / /momentum = mass x velocity - Total momentum Zero - Total momentum before the bullet is fired = total momentum after the bullet is fired. - magnitude of the momentum of the bullet and pistol is Equal - Direction of the momentum of the bullet and pistol is Opposite - Principle of Conservation of Momentum - Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen/fuel is pump into the combustion chamber for combustion - The exhaust gas is ejected out of the rocket nozzle at high speed. - The ejected exhaust gas at high speed has a large momentum. - According to the Principle of Conservation of Momentum, the rocket acquires a large momentum forward

1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1

(c)

ASPECT/MODIFICATION EXPLANATION Using bigger blades/increase the number of blades/increase the speed of blade Blade made of strong material such as alloy - Increase the air intake

2 2

2 - Can withstand strong pressure/ -it will not break easily - More fuel to be burnt to produce greater thrust - More space for the fuel to be burnt - Exhaust gas ejected at higher velocity/ -higher momentum 2 2

- Increase the number of fuel injectors// add more fuel injectors - Increase the size of the combustion chamber - Decrease the diameter of the nozzle

TOTAL

20

5(a)

The coin is havier than the leaf Both object reach the ground at the same time While falling both object at the same position The coin and leaf have the same increase in velocity/accelaration All objects falling under the influence of same gravitational feild strength,g//all object fall with the same gravitational accelaration due to gravity ASPECT/MODIFICATION Strong material such as hard plastik Aerodynamic/streamlined shape EXPLANATION Does not break easily Reduce air resistance/move with list amaunt of friction Travel very far To increase momentum/impulsive force

1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2

c(i) (ii)

Angle of 45o Volume 1/3 of the whole volume//less/half Attach fix fin at the tail Move smoothly and stable/not wobble Energy is the ability to do work - total energy at any time is constant - as the stone fall gravitational energy convert to kenetic energy - gravitational potential energy is maximum at the highest point//kenetic energy is maximised when almost reach to the ground - kenetic energy convert to heat and sound when it hits the graound

1 1 1 1 1 6

Total

20