Lab 1.2.

5 Decimal to Binary Conversion

Objective

• Learn to convert decimal values to values to binary values

• Practice converting decimal values to binary values

Background
Knowing how to convert decimal values to binary values is valuable when converting
human readable IP address in dotted decimal format to machine-readable binary format.
This is normally done for calculation of subnet masks and other tasks. The following is
an example of an IP address in 32-bit binary form and dotted decimal form.

Binary IP Address 11000000.10101000.00101101.01111001

Decimal IP Address 192.168.45.121

A tool that makes the conversion of decimal values to binary values simple is the
following table. The first row is created by counting right to left from one to eight, for the
basic eight bit positions. The table will work for any size binary value. The value row
starts with one and doubles, base 2, for each position to the left. 128 207
128
64 79
Position 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 64
value 12 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 8 15
8 8
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 4 7
12 64 0 0 8 4 2 1 4
8 2 3
2
The same conversion table and simple division can be used to convert 1
binary values to decimal values.

Steps
To convert 207 to binary
1. Start with the digit farthest to the left. Determine if the decimal value can be
divided by it. Since it will go one time, put a 1 in row three of three of the
conversion table under the 128 value and calculator the remainder, 79.
2. Since the remainder can be divided by the next value,64, put a 1 in row three
under the 54 value of the table.
3. Since the remainder cannot be divided by either 32 or 16, put 0s in row three of
our table under the 32 and 16 values.
4. Continue until there is not remainder.
5. If necessary, use row four to check the work.
Position 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
value 12 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
8
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
12 64 0 0 8 4 2 1
8
6. Convert the following decimal values to binary values:
a. 123 1111 011
b. 202 11011010
c. 67 1000011
d. 7 111
e. 252 11111100
f. 91 1011011
g. 116.127.71.3 1110100.10000011.1000111.11
h. 255.255.25.0 1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.0
i. 192.143.255.255 1010000.10010001 1111 1111.11111111
j. 12.101.9.16 1100.10100001.1001.10000
This concludes the lab.
Lab 1.2.6 Decimal to Binary Conversion

Objective
• Learn to convert decimal values to values to binary values
• Practice converting decimal values to binary values

Background
The following is an example of an IP address in32-bit binary form and dotted decimal
form.
Binary IP Address 11000000.10101000.00101101.01111001
Decimal IP Address 192.168.45.121

Binary date is mode up of ones and zeros. Ones represent on and zeros represent off.
Binary data can be grouped in varying increments, 110 or 1011. in TCP/IP binary data is
usually grouped in eight digit groups called a Byte.

A Byte, 8 bits, can range from 00000000 to 11111111 creating 256 combinations with
decimal values ranging from 0 to 255. IP addressing uses 4 bytes, or 32 bits, to identify
both the network and specific device. The specific device can be a node or host. The
example at the beginning of this lab is an example of an IP address in both binary decimal
formats.

A tool that makes the conversion of binary to decimal values simple is the following
table. The first row is created by counting right to left from one to eight for the basic
eight bit positions. The tale will work for any size binary value. The value row starts with
one and doubles, base 2, for each position to the left.

Position 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
value 12 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
8
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
12 64 0 0 8 4 2 1
8

Steps

1. Enter the binary bits in row three. For example 10111001

2. Put the decimal values in row four only for the third row 1s. Technically the row
two value are being multiplied by row three.
3. Now just add row four across.

Position 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
value 12 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
8
1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
12 0 32 16 8 0 0 1 = 185
8
4. Convert the following binary values to decimals:
a. 1110 : 14
b. 100110 : 62
c. 11111111 : 510
d. 11010011 : 210
e. 01000001 : 65
f. 11001110 : 286
g. 01110101 : 116
h. 10001111 : 158
i. 11101001.00011011.10000000.10100100 : 132.24.128.169
j. 10101010.00110100.11100110.00010111 : 172.52.230.22
Lab 1.2.8 Hexadecimal Conversions

Objective
• Learn the process to convert hexadecimal values to decimal and binary values.
• Learn the process to convert decimal and binary values to hexadecimal values.
• Practise converting between decimal, binary and hexadecimal values.

Background / Preparation
Dec Hex Binary
The Hexadecimal (Hex) number system is used to refer to binary
numbers in a NIC or IPv6 address. The word hexadecimal comes 0 0 0000
from the Greek wors for 1. Hexadecimal is often abbreviated 1 1 0001
“ox”, zero and lower case x. Hex numbers use 16 unique digits to 2 2 0010
display any combination of eight binary digits as only two 3 3 0011
hexadecimal digits.
4 4 0100
A Byte, or 8 bits, can range from 00000000 to 11111111. A Byte 5 5 0101
can creatre 256 combination with decimal values ranging from 0 6 6 0110
to 255 or Hex values 0 to FF. Each Hex value represents only
7 7 0111
four binary bits. The alpha (A-F) values are not case sensitive.
8 8 1000
A tool that makes the conversion of hexadecimal to decimal 9 9 1001
values simple is the following table. Use the same techniques as 10 A 1010
covered in binary to decimal conversions. The first row is two
11 B 1011
Hex positions. The value row starts as 1 and 16, base 16, for each
position to left. 12 C 1100
13 D 1101
Position 2 1 14 E 1110
value 16 1
15 F 1111

Note : Steps are provided at the end of this lab in the use of the windows Scientific
Calculator to check the work.

Steps for Hex to decimal conversion

1. Break the Hex value into pairs. Start at the right side. For example 77CE becomes
77 and CE insert in the first position if necessary to complete the first pair.
2. Put each Hex pair in row three. The value in parenthesis is decimal value A-F
3. To get the decimal vakues in row four, multiply the row two values by row three.
 4. Now just add row four across.

Position 2 1
value 16 1
7 7
112 7 = 119

Position 2 1
value 16 1
C(12) E(14)
192 14 = 206

Steps for decimal to Hex conversion

1. To be valid for the purpose of this lab, the decimal value will between 0 and 256.
the first Hex value is derided by dividing the decimal value by 16. if the value is
greater than 9 it will need to be put in Hex form A – F.
2. The second value is the remainder from step 1. If the value is greater than 9 it will
need to be put in Hex form A – F.
3. For example, 209 divided by 16 is 13 with a remainder of 1. 13 equals D in Hex.
Therefore, 209 equals D1.

Steps for decimal to Hex conversion

1. This is the easiest conversion. Remember that each Hex value converts to four
binary bits, so work right to left.
2. For example, to convert 77AE to binary. Start with E. Use the table at the
beginning of this lab to go directly to binary. The other alternative is to convert
the value to decimal, E = 14, and then use the last four positions of the table used
in the decimal to binary conversions.
Position 4 3 2 1
value 8 4 2 1
1 1 1 0
8 4 2 0 = 1
4

3. Using the same technique, A become 1010 and the total so for is 10101110.
Position 4 3 2 1
value 8 4 2 1
1 0 1 0
8 0 2 0 = 1
0
 4. Using the same technique, the two 7s each become 0111 and the total is
01110111.10101110

Position 4 3 2 1
value 8 4 2 1
0 1 1 1
0 4 2 1 = 7

Steps for binary to Hex conversion

1. Each Hex value equals four binary bits. Start by breaking the binary value into 4-
bit units from right to left. Add any leading zeros required to end up with all 4-bit
values. 01101110.11101100 would become 0110 1110 1110 1100.
2. use the table at the beginning of this lab to go directly to Hex. The other
alternative is to convert each 4-bit binary value to decimal, 0-15. the convert the
decimal to Hex, 0-F
Position 4 3 2 1
value 8 4 2 1
1 1 0 0
8 4 0 0 = 12 or C

Position 4 3 2 1
value 8 4 2 1
1 1 1 0
8 4 2 0 = 14 or E

3. The result is 6E-EC

Practice
Convert the following values to the other two forms:
Decimal Hex Binary
1 169 A9 10101001
2 255 FF 11111111
3 47825 BAD1 1011101011010001
4 231 – 99 – 28 E7 – 63 – 1C 11100111 – 1100011 – 11100
5 52 34 110100
6 115 73 1110011
7 19 13 1011
8 212.65.119.45 D4.41.77.2D 11010100.1000001.1110111. 101101
9 170 AA 10101010
10 6 6 110
11 252.60 FC.3C 11111100.00111100
12 12.128.240.25 C.80.F0.FF 1100.10000000.11110000.11111111
5
Checking conversions with windows calculator
It is important to be able to previous calculations manually. However, to check the work
using the windows calculator. Click on the View menu to make sure that the calculator is
in Scientific mode. Click on the button for the type of number, click on one of the
alternate buttons.