Speed To compare thens the processing time between the manual characterization and CVS, the four randomized

test batches explained in the model evaluation. The average processing time for the CVS set-up was 13.75 minutes while the average time for the manual characterization was 32.89 minutes. The CVS was faster in characterizing adlai grains than the manual inspection. Mode of Classification CVS Manual R1 14.85 23.97 R2 12.41 40.00 Replicates R3 14.00 33.10 R4 13.74 34.50 13.75** 32.89 Mean

*- Highly significant at 5% level of significance *- Significant at 5% level of significance *- Not significant at 5% level of significance

Table 1. Processing time of adlai characterization in minutes

Accuracy Two tests to determine the accuracy of the CVS was conducted: the first was done with the 3,080 adlai grains that were manually grouped and separated into groups of five, all with 154 grains each; the second was done with the four test groups of randomized adlai. The first test took into account an accuracy percentage which was a result of dividing the number of correct characterization of the CVS by the number of grains in each replicate and then multiplying it by 100. The second test took into account the significance level taken from the T-test. The low score

of the unhulled grains can be attributed to the fact that it shares a resemblance in color with the good grains. Seeing that the difference and/or level of significance is low, it can be assumed that there is little to no difference between CVS and manual characterization in terms of accuracy. Quality R1 Good 153/154 99.35% Brown 154/154 100.00% Unhulled 132/154 85.71% Foreign Matter 100.00% 94.16% 95.45% 92.21% 95.45% 154/154 R2 153/154 99.35% 154/154 100.00% 122/154 79.22% 145/154 Replicates R3 154/154 100.00% 154/154 100.00% 131/154 85.06% 147/154 R4 154/154 100.00% 154/154 100.00% 117/154 75.97% 142/154 R5 154/154 100.00% 154/154 100.00% 114/154 74.03% 147/154 95.45% 80.00% 100.00% 99.74% Average

Table 2. Accuracy test using accuracy percentage Good Mode of Operation CVS Manual Replicates R1 12 25 AVE R2 10 10 R3 25 25 R4 47 48 27ns 23.5

Brown Mode of Operation CVS Manual Replicates R1 25 25 AVE R2 50 50 R3 15 15 R4 10 10 25ns 25

unhulled Replicates R1 18 23 AVE R2 15 15 R3 9 9 R4 20 21 15.5ns 17

Mode of Operation CVS Manual

Foreign matter Mode of Operation CVS Manual Replicates R1 23 25 AVE R2 20 20 R3 37 37 R4 10 10 23ns 22.5

*- Highly significant at 5% level of significance *- Significant at 5% level of significance *- Not significant at 5% level of significance Table 3. Accuracy test using t-test at 5% level of significance