4551 UJIAN SETARA BIOLOGY 2012

UJIAN BULANAN 1

SETARA DAERAH PORT DICKSON BIOLOGY TING 5

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following substances causes fibrinogen to change to fibrin ? A . Vitamin K B. Thrombin C. Calcium ion D. Thromboplastins 2. A mans foot bleeds non-stop after stepping on a sharp object . What will happen if his blood is unable to clot ? A. His blood pressure drops. B. His blood capillaries enlarge. C. The rate of heartbeat increases. D. The rate of respiration increases. 3. Through which vein does lymphatic fluid enter the bloodstream ? A. The aorta B. The jugular vein C. The subclavian vein D. The pulmonary vein

4. Vitamin K is essential for the : A. Formation of prothrombin B. Release of thrombokinase C. Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin D. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

5. Which actions help to return low blood pressure to the normal value ? I A lower heartbeat rate II Weaker cardiac muscles III A narrowing of the blood vessels IV Contractions of the smooth muscles of the arteries

A. I and II B. I and III C. II and III D. III and IV

6. Which substances are found in the interstitial fluid ? I Platelets II Hormones A. I and II B. II and III C. III and IV D. I, II and III III Leucocytes IV Erythrocytes

7. The function of lymph nodes is to : A. Destroy old red blood cells B. Absorb fatty acids and glycerol from the lacteals C. Produce antibody-secreting cells D. Prevent accumulation of tissue fluid in the intercellular spaces

8. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system ? A. Transport of fatty acids and glycerol from the small intestine B. Production of neutrophils that function as phagocytes in the immune system C. To return interstitial fluid to the circulatory system D. Production of antibodies

9. Blood clotting at a wound is brought about by the A. Platelets only B. Platelets and components of the plasma C. Erythrocytes and components of the plasma D. Erythrocytes and platelets

10. Which of the following statements are true about haemophilia ? I It is a deficiency disease II Haemophiliacs are unable to produce blood-clotting factors III One of the treatments for haemophillia is blood transfusion IV Haemophiliacs are more likely to be females than males A. I and III B. II and III C. I,II and III D. II,III and IV

11. What is the condition in which interstitial fluids collect in the intercellular space ? A. Oedema B. Emphysema C. Haemophilia D. Leukaemia

12. Which of the following is NOT likely to occur if the blood- clotting mechanism fails ? A. Blood pressure will drop B. Microscopic organism may enter cuts or open wounds C. Kidney function may be impaired D. The individual may be infected with the haemophilia virus

13. Tissue fluid is formed at capillary networks . Which of the following factors play a role in this process ? I Walls of capillaries are pemearble to some components of the blood II A high hydrostatic pressure at the arterial end of the capillary network III The presence of lymphatic capillaries close to the capillary network IV Active Transport A. I and II only B. I and IV only C. I,II and IV only D. II,III and IV only

14. Which of the following is the medium through which blood cells obtain nutrients and oxygen from the circulatory system ? A. Blood B. Lymph C. Interstitial fluid D. Plasma

15. Which statement best describes arteries ? A. Arteries carry oxygenated blood B. Arteries carry blood towards the lungs C. Blood flows in arteries is pulsatile D. Arteries are connected to veins by arterioles

16. A condition known as oedema is caused by the accumulation of A. Too much fluid in body tissues B. Too much lipids in body tissues

C. Toxic materials in the body tissues D. A parasitic roundworm in the lymphatic vessel

17. Lymph contains A. Lipids B. Starch C. Erythrocytes D. Plasma proteins

18. Which of the following structures acts as a filter in the human lymphatic system ? A. Lymph nodes B. Spleen C. Lymphatic duct D. Lymphatic vessels

19. The interstitial fluid returns to the blood circulatory system through I the minute spaces between tissue cells II the venous end of the capillaries III the capillary walls into interstitial space IV the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I,II and III only D. II,III and IV only

20. Which of the following are needed to convert the protein, prothrombin to thrombin ? A. Calcium ions + vitamin K B. Vitamin K + iodine ions C. Iodine ions + vitamin C D. Vitamin C + calcium ions

21. What will happen to the interstitial fluid that fails to return to the circulatory system ? A. It causes elephantiasis B. It causes oedema C. It causes high fever D. It causes stomachache

22. A clot formation inside an unbroken blood vessel is known as A. An embolus B. A fibrin C. Thrombosis D. Arteriosclerosis

23. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the blood clotting mechanism ? I Thrombin catalyses the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin II Blood clot hardens when it is exposed to air to form a scab III The aggregation of platelets forms a plug called a platelet plug IV Thromboplastins convert prothrombin to thrombin A. IV,I,III,II B. I,IV,II,III C. IV,I,II,III D.III,IV,I,II

24. Which valve prevents the backflow of blood into the right ventricle ? A. Tricuspid valve B. Bicuspid valve C. Semi-lunar valve D. Ventricle valve

25. The flow of blood in veins is aided by A. A tension generated by the beating of the heart B. The action of muscles in the wall of the vein C. Constriction of skeletal muscle between which the vein is located D. Active transport

STRUCTURAL QUESTIONS : ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS

Q1

LUNG CAPILLARIES

GILL CAPILLARIES

SYSTEMIC CAPILLARIES OF P

SYSTEMIC CAPILLARIES OF Q

Diagram shows the blood circulatory systems of organism P and Q. a.State the type of blood circulatory system of 1. P 2. Q -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2M)

b.State one similar characteristic between the blood circulatory system of P and Q

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2M)

c. Organism P has two ventricles while Q has one ventricle. State 2 advantages of having two ventricles.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2M)

d. Explain the bloodflow in the circulatory system of P. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(5M)

e. The rate of oxygen supply to body cells in P is faster than in Q, even though they are of the same size. Explain why.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2M)

Q2. FIGURE 4 shows the relationship between a part of the blood circulatory system, the lymphatic system and blood cells.

Fluid R Venule Arteriol

Figure 4

a (i) Label the parts marked R, S, T and U. R: ...................................................... S: .................................................... T: ------------------------------------------------------U: -------------------------------------------(2M)

(ii) Draw arrows to show the flow of fluid between both systems.

(2M)

(b) (i) What is the difference in composition of fluid R compared to the fluid in U?

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1M )

(ii)State the reason for this difference.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1M)

The lymphatic system acts as a complement to the blood circulatory system in terms of transport and body defence. (c) (i) Describe the above statement from the aspect of transport of substances.

(2M) (ii) Describe the above statement from the aspect of body defence.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(2 M)

(d) (i) What happens if fluid R is excessive in the intercellular space?

(1M) (ii ) State why a patient suffering from elephantiasis has swollen hands and legs.

(1M)

ANSWERS 1. 2. B A 3. 4. C D 5. 6. D B

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

C B B B A D A C C A A A B A B C D C C

Q1 a(i) Double circulatory system (ii) Single circulatory system b. c. Closed circulatory system where blood flows in blood vessels (i) no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood (ii) efficient and rapid delivery to specific tissues d Deoxygenated blood flows into right atrium via vena cava. Deoxygenated blood then flows into right ventricle. Deoxygenated blood flows into pulmonary artery to lungs Gaseous exchange occurs at the lungs Oxygenated blood flows into left atrium via pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood flows into left ventricle Oxygenated blood is pumped to body tissues via aorta

e. Q2 a(i) R interstitial fluid S body cells T lymph capillary U blood capillary Oxygenated blood in P flows at a higher pressure Erythrocytes in P transport MORE oxygen than Q

(ii) { ARROWS FROM BLOOD CAPILLARIES INTO SPACE BETWEEN BODY CELLS AND THEN TO LYMPHCAPILLARIES } b(i) Fluid R does not contain red blood cells while fluid U contains red blood cells (ii) Too large to move through the capillary wall c(i) lymphatic system transports fatty acid and glycerol from the ileum (ii) lymph nodes contain lymphocytes that produce antibodies to fight infections d(i) swelling of tissue or oedema occurs. (ii) round worms living in the lymphatic vessels restrict flow of lymph