SEDIMENT BASIN & HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS

for

[URBAN DRAINAGE STANDARDS AND PROCEDURES FOR PENINSULAR MALAYSIA]

ESCP

Project

CADANGAN MENGELUARKAN BATU GRANITE DI ATAS LOT 16, MUKIM TERAP, DAERAH KULIM, KEDAH.

Prepared By

SRI & SRI'S ASSOCIATES SDN. BHD. 4987, Tingkat 2, Jalan Kampung Benggali 12200 Butterworth 01-04-12

Date Your Ref. Our Ref.

: : :

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Introduction Sediment basin is proposed to control the impact of erosion by trapping the sediment from leaving the construction site. Most of the surface soil type are clay, sandy clay, or clayey sand, hence it can be classified as Type F soil. (Table 39.4). Surface runoff potential is very high runoff. The proposed development is located on a hill, hence, the sediment control is necessary to reduce the impact on erosion. A) Design of Wet Sedimentation Pond Sizing of Sediment Basin: Basin 1 - Phase 1 Estimated Catchment area Estimated Construction Period Surface soil type 80th percentile 5-day storm event Required settling zone volume Required total volume Required settling zone volume for the site, V1 Required total volume for the site, T1 Settling zone Settling zone depth, y1 Proposed settling zone width, W1 Settling zone average length L1=V1/(W1xy1) say Check settling dimensions L1y1 L1/W1 = = = = 0.75m > 0.6m O.K. 75m 148.59m 150m = = = = = = = = Units 29.5ha >2 years F 50mm 340m3/ha 510m3/ha 10030m3 15045m3 Reference Appendix A Table 39.4 Appendix B Table 39.6 Table 39.6

L1

= =

166.66<200, o.k. 3.83>2, o.k.

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Sediment Storage Zone Proposed Total Pond Depth, d1 = 1.4m Required storage zone, V2 = T1-V1 = 5015m3 Side Slope Z = 1.0(H):1(V) W2 = W1 - 2 x (d1 / 2) x Z = 4.5m L2 = L1-2 x (d1 / 2) x Z = 21.5m 2 3 2 V2 = Z y2 - Zy2 (W2 + L2) + y2 (W2L2) which gives, 51 = y23 - 26.0y22 + 96.75 y2 Using trial and error y2 = 0.60m y2 = 0.70m y2 = 0.75m Proposed y2 V2 Overall Basin Dimensions At Top Water Level: WTWL = W1 + 2 x Z x y1 / 2 LTWL = L1 + 2 x Z x y1 / 2

V2 = V2 = V2 = = =

48.90m2 55.32m2 58.35m2 0.75 m > 0.3 55.32 m > 51m3

say say

= = = =

6.75m 6.75m 23.75m 23.75m

Base: WB = WTWL - 2 (d/tan45) LB = LTWL - 2 (d/tan45)

say say

= = = =

3.75m 3.75m 20.75m 20.75m

Depth: Settling Zone, y1 Sediment Storage Zone, y2 Side Slope Z Total Depth, y

= = = =

0.75m 0.75m 1.0 (H):1(V) 1.50m

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Design of Sediment Basins Outlet Estimation of Discharge Estimated Catchment Area, A Minor system design ARI Average Overland slope, So in percentage Overland traveling Distance, Do in meter Values of Mannings n for Overland Flow Overland Flow Time, to in minutes [107*n*Do^(1/3)/So^(1/2)] Drain Length, Ld in meter Estimated slope of drain, Sd Values of Mannings n for Channel Flow Hydraulic radius, R in meter (A/P) Estimated Velocity for channel, V Drain Flow time, td Time of Concentration, tc = td + to = = = = = = = = = = = = = Units 29.5ha 10years 1.% 35m 0.03 (Packed Clay) 10.5min 100m 0.01m/m 0.035 0.09m 0.569m/s 2.92min 14min Reference Appendix A Appendix A Table 14.2 Eq. 14.1

Design Chart 26.1 Assume Eq. 14.4a Eq. 14.4b

The Equation 13.2 shall be used to derive the design rainfall intensities Calculating Average rainfall intensity (mm/hr) for 10 years ARI and 14 min duration ARI Design storm duration, t Coefficients of the IDF Polynomial Equations: A B C D In(10I30)= a + b In(30) + c(In(30))2 + d(In(30))3 Average rainfall intensity for 10I14 Runoff Coefficient, C Estimated Discharge, Qp = CIA/360 Losses Orifice Discharge coefficient, Cd Entrance Loss Factor, Ke Darcy-Weisbach friction loss coefficient, f Friction Loss factor, Kf Outlet loss factor, Ko Bend Loss Factor, Kb Total Loss factor, KL = Kt + Ke + Kf + Ko + Kb Mannings coefficient, n Diameter of Pipe, d Area of pipe, A Water depth at the upstream invert of pipe, ys Water depth at the upstream invert of pipe, ye Pipe Longitudinal slope, S Pipe Length, L Pipe capacity, Q = A.(2g.(ys + S, L - ye) / KL) 0.5
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10years 14min 3.7277 1.4393 -0.4023 0.0241 4.91 215.2mm/hr 0.86 0.154m3/s Appendix 13.A

= = = = = = = =

Equation 13.2 Design Chart 14.3

0.62 1.60 0.0209 1.00 0.5 0.2 3.30 0.011 0.375m 0.110m2 1.50m 0.15m 0.011m/m 18m 0.260m3/s > 0.154m3/s

cl 19.8.2 Eq 19.9 Eq. 19.11 Table 19.3 Eq 19.7

Eq 19.6

Frequency of Maintenance Calculation of Sediment loads Average 6 month Rainfall Depth Condition Construction Stage Example Calculation Weighted avg. annual runoff coefficient, Cv Event Mean Concentration, EMC Average 6 month Rainfall Depth Runoff Depth (mm) = = = = = = = = = = = = Cv 0.4 EMC (g/m3) 4000 = 1841mm (refer to Appendix B) Runoff Depth (mm) 736 Annual Runoff (m3) 2208 Units 0.4 4000 g/m3 1841mm Load (tonnes) 8.83 Reference Table 15.1 Table 15.2 Appendix B Volume (m3) 11.77

Annual Runoff (m3) Load (tonnes) Volume (m3)

Cv x Average 6 month Rainfall Depth 0.4 x 1841mm 736 mm 3000 x 0.736m 2208m3 4000 / 1000000 x 2208 8.832 8.832 tonnes / 750 mg/m3 x 1000 11.77m3

Conclusion (sediment basin 1) The Total sediment volume for Max. 6 months Rainfall Depth according to data provided from JPS website (http:\\infobanjir,moa.my) are 11.77m3 and it is less than half of storage volume of proposed sediment basin (51m3). Hence, it is safe to assume that 6 months maintenance is adequate to maintain the efficiency of the proposed wet sediment basin.

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Design of Temporary Earth Drain Estimation of Earth Drain Discharge Estimated Catchment Area, A Minor system design ARI Average Overland slope, So in percentage Overland traveling Distance, Do in meter Values of Mannings n for Overland Flow Overland Flow Time, to in minutes [107*n*Do^(1/3)/So^(1/2)] Drain Length, Ld in meter Estimated slope of drain, Sd Values of Mannings n for Channel Flow Hydraulic radius, R in meter (A/P) Estimated Velocity for channel, V Drain Flow time, td Time of Concentration, tc = td + to = = = = = = = = = = = = = Units 29.5 ha 2 years 1% 25m 0.03 (Packed Clay) 9.38min 100m 0.003m/m 0.03 0.09m 0.36m/s 4.62min 15min Reference Appendix A Appendix A Table 14.2 Eq. 14.1

Design Chart 26.1 Assume Eq. 14.4a Eq. 14.4b

The Equation 13.2 shall be used to derive the design rainfall intensities for durations down to a lower limit of 30 minutes Calculating Average rainfall intensity (mm/hr) for 2 years ARI and 30 min duration ARI Design storm duration, t Coefficients of the IDF Polynomial Equations: A B C D In(10I30)= a + b In(30) + c(In(30))2 + d(In(30))3 Average rainfall intensity for 2I30 Runoff Coefficient, C Estimated Discharge, Qp = CIA/360 = = = = = = = = = = 2years 30min 4.5140 0.6729 -0.2311 0.0118 4.59 98.84mm/hr 49.42mm Appendix 13.A

Equation 13.2
(Category 4; chart 14.3)

Calculating Average rainfall intensity (mm/hr) for 2 years ARI and 60 min duration ARI Design storm duration, t Coefficients of the IDF Polynomial Equations: A B C D In(10I60)= a + b In(60) + c(In(60))2 + d(In(60))3 Average rainfall intensity for 2I60 Runoff Coefficient, C Estimated Discharge, Qp = CIA/360 = = = = = = = = = = 2years 60min 4.5140 0.6729 -0.2311 0.0118 4.204 67.01mm/hr 67.01mm Appendix 13.A

Equation 13.2
(Category 4; chart 14.3)

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Calculating Average rainfall intensity (mm/hr) for 2 years ARI and 15 min duration ARI Design storm duration, t Coefficients of the IDF Polynomial Equations: A B C D In(10I15)= a + b In(15) + c(In(15))2 + d(In(15))3 Average rainfall intensity for 2I15 Runoff Coefficient, C Estimated Discharge, Qp = CIA/360 = = = = = = = = = = 2years 15min 4.5140 0.6729 -0.2311 0.0118 37.93 151.72mm/hr 0.81mm 0.052m3/s Appendix 13.A

Equation 13.2
(Category 4; chart 14.3)

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Proposed typical Earth Drain

DRAIN SIZE Computation : Manning Formula Type of drain is Earth Drain Mannings Roughness Coefficient Value, n Slope in m/m, S S1/2 Depth of Drain, d Top Width of Drain, w1 Cross Sectional Area, A Wetted Perimeter, P Hydraulic Radius in ft, R = A/P Therefore : R2/3 Flow, Qa = A * R2/3 * S1/2 / n Conclusion

= = = = = = = = = =

0.02 1/300m/m 0.0577 0.45m 0.45m2 0.225m2 0.152m 1.125m 0.135

Table 14.2

0.114m3/s > 0.052m3/s

o.k.

The sediment basin is adequate to control the impact due to construction activity and the temporary earth drain is sufficient to cater the maximum discharge for average 2 years return period.

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