POLITICAL government revolved heavily around a single figure, the Pharaoh, who the people believed to be a living god.

. Pharaoh = limitless power and control over his subjects. Theocracy -religion and government were tightly entwined. people carrying out the Pharaoh's decrees where priests and holy men. they were given preferential treatment before other citizens and were a kind of nobility in their own right. Other government officials = commanders, chief treasurers, the minister of public works, and tax collectors There were also governors of specific pieces of land who answered to the vizier. Taxation existed mainly in form of goods and labor: Citizens were drafted into the military when necessary, or into forced labor to pay labor tax, depending on what needed to be done at the time. during the Old Kingdom , the kings often controlled all the resources and only gave them to those able to pay taxes and remain loyal to their leaders, despite being despotic. Punishments for wrong doing were as lax as caning or as severe as dismemberment or various executions. http://www.ancient-egypt-online.com/ancient-egypt-government.html INTELLECTUAL achievements in art, mathematics, astronomy, and engineering, all of which are clearly exemplified in their longest standing legacies: the royal tombs of Egypt. preservation of the body most enduring accomplishment of the Old Kingdom is the pyramid the royal tomb devised by Fourth Dynasty kings. The infinitesimally small deviation between the two sets of opposing base sides of the pyramid show the scientific spirit of the Egyptians. same formation as the stars in the constellation Orion

http://www.helium.com/items/1695891-ancient-egyptian-achievements?page=2 CULTURAL DIFFUSION (today) the biggest things they contributed 2 are dentistry, mathematics, the modern american numbers, and obviously architecture (the pyramids) ancient egyptians used 2 put this chemical on a towel and they put the towel on the face of the dead people 2 perserve it 4 as long as possible (it actually worked) and untill now the scientists cant figure out what they used.. PLACE (physical): Red Sea, Mediterranean sea, nile river, aswan dam, etc. Human: The Pyramids of Giza, The Valley of Kings, Abu Simbel http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/geography/home.html

In order to quarry this stone, the blocks were marked out with just enough space in between each to allow for a small passageway for the workers to cut the blocks. The workmen would use a number of different tools to cut the blocks, including copper pickaxes and chisels, granite hammers, dolerite and other hard stone tools.

http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/material.htm