M

P o wer from the clear Blue Sky

10 KW POWER SATELLITE PROPOSAL

EARLY CONCENTRATOR SYSTEM (2002)

11 2 A N a y l a n d S t r e e t C h r i s t c h u r c h N Z t e l e p h o n e : + 6 4 0 2 7 4 3 6 0 3 5 2 w w w. m o k e n e r g y. c o m

10 kW Solar Pumped Laser Satellite

A 10 kilowatt Solar Pumped Laser Satellite (10kWSPLS) equipped with holographic beam steering (HBS) and a 300 mm bandgap matched terrestrial receiver (300 mm BMTR) to test proof of concept in space. Price and terms to be negotiated based on level of completeness at time of delivery. The present overview is a rst effort at detailing major subsystems and primary vendors. Concentrator The system shall operate at 1,600x solar intensity and shall exceed 55% overall efciency converting sunlight to laser energy on the ground at a level of 10,000 Watts. Thus, the primary concentrator will be 4,110.6 mm in diameter and intercept approximately 18,180 Watts of primary solar energy on orbit to produce a spot 102.8 mm in diameter at the focal point.

Solar Pumped Steam Engine 1920s

Solar Pumped Optical Fiber 1980s

Thin Film Solar Concentrator 1990s

Optical Processing The solar spectrum will be separated using optical bandpass lters based on 3Ms 2000 discovery of Giant Birefringent Optics (GBO). This will allow several band-gap matched thin disk lasers to be operated in parallel in a manner similar to that described in my 2006 solar energy patent 7,081,584 (Mook). Segmenting the solar spectrum in this way will increase slope efciencies to 80% and overall efciency to 55% and more. Thin Disk Laser Each optical bandpass will consist of an active medium forming a very thin disk 102.8 mm in diameter and 200 um thick. Each material is stimulated at the frontside via band-gap matched concentrated solar energy. The system shall consist of three to ve thin disk lasers each producing an average output of between 1.5 kW and 3.5 kW obtaining a total output of 10.0 kW or more.

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Beam Steering An amplied reection phase conjugation four wave mixing process maintains accurate tracking of the receiver by the satellite. Solar energy from the primary parabolic reector is focused on to a secondary parabolic reector and then to the lasing medium. Laser energy is beamed through a non-linear media to a mirror and reected back along the primary beam line. A reference (probe beam) is picked up by a 760 mm telescope which forms the primary beam output window. This reference beam interacts in the non-linear media near the focus of this scope to produce a conjugate reection to the reference beam (conjugate beam) producing signicant gain in the conjugate reection conjugate beam disk laser

from primary

cooling nger solar lens

parabolic reector

non-linear media reference beam Attitude Control beam output window The 4.1 m diameter primary parabolic concentrator reects light to a mirror

focal point where sunlight is converted to laser energy. The paraboloid is a gure of revolution and is therefore balanced around the center of rotation. Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based thruster arrays near the center of gravity of the satellite provide full 3-axis attitude control. An integrated inertial guidance and control system is built into each array. The attitude control system uses a portion of the primary solar energy to drive an electrical rocket array capable of 2,000 sec Isp producing a total of 50 micro-Newton thrust level at each location. with sufcient propellant to impart 100 m/sec delta-v.

Power Receiver Five collinear beams share the 760 mm diameter beam output window on orbit. These communicate with ve 355.6 mm diameter beam receiving telescopes on Earth. Each receiver operates at a matched band gap whose power ranges from 1.5 kW to 3.5 kW each. All ve total 10.0 kW output. The telescopes need not be co-located. The optics of each telescope are adapted to illuminate a 100 mm diameter band-gap matched photovoltaic array that converts the received energy to DC electrical power at high efciency. Rayleigh limits allow efcient operation up to an altitude of 250 km at the 640 nm wavelength. Large Aperture Receiver Option A 760 mm terrestrial receiver using a duplicate of the optics used on orbit permits efcient reception of energy up to an altitude of 550 km.

355 mm Cassegrain Reector

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Mok Energy Labs circa 2002 2,400 mm Primary

760 mm Dobsonian Reector circa 1988

Mok Energy Labs circa 2002

Multi-spectral Multi-junction Solar Power circa 2002

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Air Force Research Laboratory 4m x 6m (NASA Langley)

SRS Technologies, Inc. 2m x 3m (NASA Glenn)

PRIOR ART
Over the past twenty years a large number of inatable concentrators have been built and Inatable Antenna 7 m (LGaarde) proven to work successfully in space. Over this period active control of laser energy has also been demonstrated. YAL-1A Airborne Laser (Edwards AFB)

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PARTNERS/SUBCONTRACTORS

UV Tuneable Laser and Roger Reeves (Canterbury University)

The tuneable laser source produces any wavelength of light from red to UV. It is made up of two lasers a pump laser, which produces green light and a tuneable dye laser, which produces variable frequencies of red light. It adds photons from the two lasers together in a process called frequency conversion to produce light across the UV spectrum. The resulting laser light covers a very narrow range of energies.

Boeing Satellite Systems (Sylmar California)

Microfabrica (Van Nuys California)

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TEST SATELLITE (DEPLOYED)

tensioning ring (inatable)

struts (inatable)

window (inatable)

satellite main body

paraboloid (inatable) 4.1 m

power beaming window 0.76 m

TEST SATELLITE (LAUNCH)

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COMPARABLE 500 W/36 KW

SNAP-10A was launched from Vandenberg AFB by an ATLAS Agena D rocket on April 3, 1965 into a polar orbit at an altitude of approximately 1,300 km. It is in a retrograde orbit. Its nuclear electrical source, made up of thermoelectric elements, was intended to produce over 500 watts of electrical power for one year. After 43 days, an onboard voltage regulator within the spacecraftunrelated to the SNAP reactor itselffailed, causing the reactor core to be shut down. The reactor was left in a 700nautical-mile (1,300"km) earth orbit for an expected duration of 4,000 years. An anomalous event in November 1979 caused the vehicle to begin shedding an eventual 50 pieces. A collision has not been ruled out and radioactive debris may have been released

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TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETER

Representative TOFMS 500 mm x 550 mm x 300 mm

Aeroshell 30 kM Power Emitter Plasma Deposition

Power Receiver
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TOFMS
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