Junelle B.

Barcena BS Architecture 2012-31465 Social Science 1 Synthesis Paper

Conditioning Classical conditioning is the process of evoking a response from an organism using a stimulus that is unrelated to the response. This is done by using both a related and unrelated stimulus repeatedly to achieve the desired response. Over time, the subject will respond to the unrelated stimulus even without the presence of the related stimulus. For instance, on the show How I Met Your Mother which I am a big fan of, the characters Marshall and Lily are married and live in their own apartment. Marshall wasnt one to frequently brush his teeth before bed, so every time he practiced good oral hygiene, Lily would be waiting naked in their bedroom as a reward. However, she does not tell Marshall that it is a reward. Over time, Marshall would notice that he would start to get an erection while flossing. This is an example of putting two stimuli together to produce a single reaction, related to one stimulus and unrelated to the other. Operant conditioning is the process of learning with a voluntary response is being strengthened or weakened, depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences. An example of this is how I developed my dislike for street food especially kikiam. I only had kikiam once in my life and I got sick for several days after that, although Im fairly certain that my illness was unrelated to me consuming kikiam. Nevertheless, I avoid eating kikiam or any other street food even if I was offered some for free.

Thinking, Concepts, and Prototype Thinking is the manipulation of the images of information we see in our minds eye. People see mental images in their minds, images which are associated with a tangible object or an abstract idea or concept. For instance, whenever somebody mentions the major brand Nestle, I immediately picture starving and abused workers miserably picking coffee beans from the fields. I recently found out about the anomalies going on with Nestle and its workers and have never disassociated the maltreated workers with the company. In my head, the Nestle logo and even the word itself symbolize miserable workers. Concepts are the mental categorization of things that share common characteristics. For example, I only have three concepts for food: salt, sugar, and rice/tasteless carbs. Things that fall under salt include meat and cheese-flavored junk food, while things that fall under sugar include candy, fruits, and caffeinated and carbonated drinks. Bread and most Filipino delicacies fall under tasteless carbs. I dont eat much anything apart from those Ive mentioned above, because in my head, theyre not worth it. Even food itself is a concept, and the items people usually associate with it are all the things in the world that are edible. Prototypes are the mental images that best represent concepts for each individual person. They are the images that are immediately conjured in our minds eye whenever a concept is mentioned. For instance, the first car Ive encountered was my dads jeepney-type red car that was basically spare parts from different models put together. It was our family car and we drove everywhere in it. Whenever people mention cars, its my dads weird, red car that comes to mind, because its my prototype of a car. Prototypes are also different for each person, depending on their schema, or set of experiences. An example of this could be the faces we associate with names in our head. If I

mentioned the name John, you would probably think of a different John, since there are more than a million Johns in the world and everybody knows at least one. However, because we have a different set of friends, the John you know is most likely different from the John I know. Thus, our prototypes for John are different.

Intelligence Intelligence is our capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use our resources effectively when faced with challenges. It is not necessarily measured by our grades in school or with the amount of trivia we know, rather it focuses on our analytical abilities and how we use or brain to effectively understand and interpret stimuli. For instance, I know a lot of information about the band My Chemical Romance and have all the members birthdays and hometowns memorized by heart, but this does not show that I am intelligent; rather it just shows that I am obsessed with them. I figured there was a connection with their fascination with death and violence (as these are usually the themes of their songs) to the fact that they all grew up in New Jersey, which is considered one of the most dangerous states in the US. I believe their fascination stems from the fact that almost all of them have witnessed crimes and hear frequent news of murder and other crimes, even while they were growing up. When I conceptualized that theory, I exhibited intelligence at least on some level, because I analyzed the data I had at hand and interpreted it based on what I had understood.

Motivation Motivation is described as being the driving force behind many of our actions, as well as the actions of other organisms. It directs and energizes our actions. A motivated person is somebody

who has reason to do the things he/she does. For instance, my motivation to study hard is the failure of my siblings to do so. I know how it feels to be disappointed and I dont want my mom to get that from me, so I never slack off in school so she has at least somebody to be proud of when it comes to academics. I am motivated to do better in my academics also because I know it is expected of me being a scholar of a state university. I realize that even if my mom pays for my tuition fee, it is still substantially lower compared to the rates of private universities. I know that I owe it to the country and the Filipino taxpayers to do well in my schooling because they are depending on me, as well as on the other scholars of this university, to do great things for our country.

Emotion Emotions are essentially just feelings that influence our behavior, and the extent of its influence depends on the person. They have both psychological and cognitive elements, and there are many theories about how it works as it is and how it figures with human behavior. Emotions can be as strong as wrath or bliss or as trivial as simply being amused or irritated. Emotions manifest themselves heavily in our daily lives so much so that we are able to identify how a person is feeling just by looking at him or her. For instance, my friends can usually tell when Im really happy because I never stop talking or cracking up jokes. They can also tell when Im angry or depressed because I would stop talking altogether and I would prefer spend most of my time asleep.

Personality Personality is makeup of the characteristics of a person that produce consistency in their behavior. There are 16 personality types based on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which was extrapolated from Carl Jungs work. These personalities are based on our preferences and grouped into four categories: how we gain energy, how we process information, how we make decisions, and how we choose to live our lives. Each personality, in turn, has four functions: dominant, auxiliary, tertiary, and inferior. The dominant or primary function is the function that most strongly governs ones personality. Being an ISTJ, my dominant function is Si, which is introverted sensing. This just means that I like to look at past and current concrete situations and data, that I always compare my present situation with something similar in the past, if I had ever been in the same situation. This also means that I have great attention to detail and Im usually the first to notice whenever there are changes even as subtle as a slight shift in color. For instance, if people ask me how attractive a certain person is, I would support my answer with more detailed explanations in terms of how straight that persons nose is, how deep his/her eyes are set, how he/she grooms his/her hair, and etc. I can also recall complete names and specific places from as far back as 2000, but I cant actually recreate the entire situation in my head. This goes to show how attentive I am to detail. The auxiliary or secondary function is the function that supports ones dominant function, and is usually the second most dominant function. According to the MBTI, my auxiliary function is Te, which is extraverted thinking, and which means that I use ordered, deductive logic based on objective criteria and hierarchies. This is most evident in the fact that I usually create a mental schedule in the morning based on the things Im supposed to do, and I follow that schedule

throughout the day. Every time I go off schedule, I always make sure I can compensate for it some other time. I also always honor deadlines and never submit requirements late if I can help it. I also depend heavily post-its; my room is cluttered with those little yellow pieces of papers and each one has a checklist on it of things that Im supposed to do. However, Te being is my auxiliary function, it is not always that I create checklists and schedules. I only do so when I feel it is necessary or if I feel like I need more organization. The tertiary function is the function that is usually not developed until later in life, where it can be an eye-opening asset. It is usually the function that people do not feel comfortable using until they are ready to do so, usually in midlife, when they are completely comfortable using the dominant and auxiliary functions. It is also the function opposite to the auxiliary. An ISTJs tertiary function is Fi, which is introverted feeling, meaning somebody who has this function knows what they value and also has the ability to see through people, as well as have a desire to connect with people who they share the same values with. Being only 17 years old, I can safely say that havent developed this function yet. Although I do have a nagging desire to be friends with people who share the same views and values as I do, so far Ive found only one person who fits the criteria, and my reserved nature conflicts with my want to know this person more. Im also quite gullible (which is the opposite of seeing through people), and although I know which things in life are important to me, I have yet to make a decision as to which of these things matters the most. Lastly, the inferior or least function is a persons weakness. It is mostly unconscious and is often the cause of misunderstanding and stress. An ISTJs inferior function is Ne, which is extroverted intuition, meaning somebody who has this function looks at possibilities and meanings behind things. This is especially true for me because I see things as they are, and even

if I like to write, interpreting the work of others is a huge challenge for me. For instance, if a line in a poem goes, The curtains were blue, to somebody whose dominant function is extroverted intuition, he/she would probably interpret the curtains as a metaphor and the color blue as an emotion the author was feeling at the time the poem was written. To me, however, its just that: the curtain was literally colored blue. Being an architecture student, its also very hard for me to interpret design elements. For instance, on one of our walking tours of the UP Diliman campus as part of the requirements for my Arch 16 class, my professor explained that the frequent use of awning windows and columns in the campus buildings was a way to mimic the windows and stilts of the traditional bahay kubo. Had I not been told this, I would have assumed that the windows were American influence, or I would not have looked into the meanings behind the windows at all.

Identity Identity is our understanding of who we are or who other people are. It is not something we alone decide for ourselves, because identity also includes how people look at us or who we are to other people. Thus, identity is only partly personal, and partly collective or social. Identity is also multi-layered, with people having primary and secondary identities. A primary identity is formed early in life, and this includes gender, ethnicity, or the presence of a disability, if any. For instance, part of my primary identity is that I am a heterosexual female and I am Filipino, part-Waray from my dad and part-Bicolana from my mom. Secondary identities are built on primary identities and include traits associated with occupational roles and social status positions. These are perhaps gained starting from ones neighbourhood, then at school, then later on at work. For instance, when I was in high school, I

was usually assigned as the group leader because that was how my classmates perceived me to be, and because I always showed initiative when put in a group. Being an iskolar ng bayan is also a part of my secondary identity, because it wasnt something I was born with, rather, its a title I had worked hard to earn.

Interaction Social interaction is communication between people using words (verbally) and/or body language (nonverbally), intentionally or unintentionally. Most of the time, communication does not depend on the words alone, and is supplemented by facial expressions, body language, and gestures. This is how most people, if they are keen, tell the difference between those who are sincere and not. When the rules of social interaction are broken, such as the case in interactional vandalism where a person becomes somewhat unpredictable, it causes the other person to feel uncomfortable and insecure. According to Erving Goffman, there are two types of interactions with people: focused and unfocused. Unfocused interaction is the mutual awareness of the presence of people around you, yet you do not engage them in conversation probably because you havent formally met, or you are practicing civil inattention (which is the acknowledgement of ones presence when you meet, but there is no need for subsequent conversation). For instance, when I went to the Freshie Concert held last July, there was unfocused interaction between me and the rest of the crowd. I knew they were there and acknowledged their existence, but I wasnt speaking to them, and the opposite is true for them. Focused interaction on the other hand is directly attending to what one is saying or doing, as is the case between two people in conversation or a teacher supervising his students work. This

is also the kind of interaction that takes place when I talk to my friends at lunch or to my mom on the phone.

The Life Course Humans are the only beings on earth who are self-aware, that is, we are the only organisms who are aware of our existence and aware of our impending death. Before that, however, we go through a series of phases called the life course. This is different from the life cycle in the sense that it focuses more on our changes in behaviour rather than on our biological growth. The life course includes childhood, puberty, young adulthood, mature adulthood, the later life, and lastly, death. Childhood includes the period between infancy and teenage years, which is about 3-11 years old. People who are undergoing childhood are called children, and this is usually the period in our lives where the most important thing in life is playtime and fun. For instance, when I was a child, I would play street games with my friends after class or during the weekends. If we got bored with that, we would chase pedicabs and attempt to surf on the back without it stopping. This game usually resulted in skinned knees and elbows for each of us, but it didnt matter because it was fun. After we said goodbye at the end of the day, we looked forward to the next. Puberty is the period concerning our teenage years, the members of which are treated as children by society but adult laws apply to them. This is the primary reason teenagers are always acting up and being rebellious. In addition to their raging hormones, they have to deal with being treated as children when trying to act like adults, and being expected to act like adults when they engage in childish acts. While this is true for many, not all teenagers lash out at the people who frustrate them. For instance, my mom is not as strict compared to my friends parents, but there

are times when she doesnt allow me to go to out because she doesnt think Im old enough. She would then give me chores to do and say that Im too old to be lying around and being idle. Naturally, I would become frustrated at this, but not once have I acted upon my frustration, out of respect. People in their 20s and even 30s are classified as young adults. They typically live independently and usually dont have any plans of settling down; rather they would focus on their careers and pursue their dreams while they have no dependents and commitments. For instance, right after my mom graduated from college, she immediately sought work so she could send one of her sisters to college as well. She ended up working for the government, and focused on her career. Over time, it paid off. As her rank rose, she eventually she got assigned to places like Davao, Cebu, Manila, Aklan, and Samar, where she met my dad, both of them in their late 20s. At that time, my mom was already making a decent living and knew she could support at least two people with her income. After a few more years, they married, and even if my dad didnt have a job, they were able to buy a house and settle down in Tacloban City, which is where we live now. This is an example of a young adult focusing more on career before settling down, so as to achieve stability. Mature adulthood is the period where people usually settle down, create families, raise their children, and become stable in their careers. This comprises the bulk of ones life if he/she reached retiring age, and usually starts around the early to mid-30s. For instance, my mom enjoyed her young adult life and married my dad in her early 30s. They enjoyed about five more years alone together before having children. They had been together for 17 years when my dad passed away in 2003. Afterwards, my mom raised us by herself, but were still pretty well-off

compared to most families, and this is because my mom made sure to achieve stability in her career when she was a young adult. Later life comes after mature adulthood, and is also called the third age. It is the period where people usually retire from their jobs. Many people in this phase feel that they are incompetent because they are no longer working for the society, and usually people offer to do things for them with the assumption that they need help. For instance, my grandmother, who is my dads mother, is probably one of the most workaholic elderly Ive encountered. She was a homemaker all her life, but ever since her children moved out had their own families, she frequently visits them despite having back problems. When shes visiting, she would always be doing household chores even when theyve already been done, as if she werent satisfied with whoever did that chore before. If there was so much as a single stray leaf on the backyard, she would sweep the entire thing. If a single leaf fell from the mango tree five times at different time intervals, she would sweep the backyard five times. If people told her to rest, she would shrug them off and tell them she can handle it. This is an example of an elderly who probably feels incompetent and would rather not be, so to compensate for that feeling, she would do as many chores as she can believing that what she is doing is helping and serving others, which was what she did for her family before they all left.

Agencies of Socialization Groups where significant processes of socialization occur are agencies of socialization. These include our family, school, peers, and even the mass media. Ideally, it is our families that we initially socialize with, and where we learn most about our culture and how we figure in society. The older we get, the more agencies of socialization we come into contact with.

The family, especially the mother, is the agency of socialization we first come into contact with. This is also the unit we spend most of our early life interacting with, because seldom do we see children being raised away from their parents. It is the family who first teaches us the values and norms of society, the one who begins our enculturation. This, in turn, teaches us how to socialize and interact appropriately, according to the customs and traditions. For instance, growing up in a Roman Catholic family, I have been taught from an early age to believe in only one God, to hear mass, and to pray before every meal and every night before bed. My parents explained how faith was important not only because what we had did not come solely from the two of them, but also because religion basically dictated how we were supposed to act towards other people. Of course, not everything a parent tells his/her child to believe in is being unquestioningly absorbed by the child, as is the case when I grew older and saw flaws in being a religious fanatic as well as losing faith altogether. The school is also one of the earlier agents of socialization we encounter. Children usually start school around four or five years old, and it is there that they learn how to behave themselves properly, a reinforcement of learning how we are supposed to act around other people. They are expected to sit still, be quiet, listen attentively, and learn as much as they can, as well as be nice to other children and be polite to their elders. For instance, before I started school, my mom told me that I followed my elder brother around and did everything he did. He was unruly as young boys are, and I mimicked his every move, making me unruly as well. When I started school however, my behaviour was frowned upon by my teachers and they worked hard to discipline me and groomed me to become a better-behaved pupil. They would threaten to let me stand in a corner facing the wall if I ever misbehaved, which, to a child as young as I was, was one of the worst punishments anybody could ever receive. It worked, but I learned instead to control how I

behaved around my elders, which was to be polite and well-behaved, and around my family, especially with my brother, where being unruly wasnt as heavy an offense as it was in school. This is also an example of how children are not simply sponges that absorb information, but also filters. Peer relationships is another socializing agency, consisting of groups of people who are around the same age. These are usually the ones that share the same experiences growing up, and are able to relate with each other better than they do with people who are much older or much younger. While we are young, especially while in school, a large fraction of our day is spent with our peers. Many of us regard our friends as one of the most important people of our lives, and much of our attitudes and behavior are shaped from these relationships with friends. For instance, I am not someone who easily gives in to peer pressure. However, if most of the members of my barkada are studying for the weekend instead of out at the mall watching a movie or having fun at the arcade, I would stay home and study as well. Most of the songs on my playlist are also songs that I first heard from their playlists. We also share the same views on some issues, like how we are all disgusted by premarital sex. Moreover, I recently found out that all the other cliques in our high school viewed our barkada as the bitchiest but one of the best academic performers. This is true as we really are quite mean to other kids when were all together, and all of us are currently studying in prestigious universities. This is an example of how peers are able to influence how one behaves and how one perceives the world. The last agency of socialization to be discussed is the mass media, which is where we get most of our knowledge of the world outside of the one we live in. The mass media is a great influence especially to the younger generation, who are more receptive to concepts and ideas from the west, being the ones who grew up and are living in a world where there is easy access

to the Internet and the television. For instance, my parents tell me I learned to speak English from watching the cartoon Popeye, and that was before I school-age. This led to me conversing with my parents, especially with my lawyer dad, in English. After my dad passed away, the frequency of my English conversations declined to almost zero, but it has been and still is the most comfortable medium when I write. This is because I frequently watched American TV shows, read news in English, and read books by foreign authors. This goes to show how much the mass media has affected the way I express myself, and thus socialize with others.

Social Stratification and Class Social stratification is the division of society into layers (called strata, or stratum), where each division is defined by certain properties. People who share common characteristics are put into the same division, and the better your qualities are according to societys standards, the higher your priority is. It is also not given that because you were part of this stratum when you were born, you will belong to that stratum until you die. This is because there is fluidity in social stratification, and this is called social mobility. The existence of social stratification basically means that there is no such thing as equality between people. Members of one stratum usually have a different set of experiences from another stratum, which is mostly because people tend to be prejudiced and allow their behavior to be influenced by ones stratum, which can sometimes be determined by appearance. For instance, there was a time when my mom entered a Technomarine outlet in a mall here in Metro Manila. She just came from her office dormitory which was nearby, so she was wearing what could very much qualify as house clothes. She checked the watches that were on display, but there werent price tags on them. The salesladies were attending to other customers so my mom asked the guard on

duty how much a particular watch cost. The guard looked my mom up and down and said, Mahal. My mom was so offended that she left the store and swore never to purchase TechnoMarine ever again. Class is the large-scale grouping of people who share common economic resources, which strongly influence the type of lifestyles they lead. Wealth and occupation are two major bases of class. For instance, I grew up in a family that I would define as middle class because we earn just a little more than what we need. We still do chores around the house because hiring household help is out of the budget, and we go out once in a while to eat in a fancy restaurant. This is in contrast to one of my grade school friends, both of whose parents are doctors. She only has a few, if any, chores to do in their two-storey downtown home because they have household help, and she has regularly has dinner out with her family. She currently attends De La Salle University, the tuition fees of which go well beyond the maximum tuition a UP student, such as me, pays for. Class systems are fluid, meaning people may move from one class to another. Class systems are also not born into, since people need to work to some degree to earn some wealth and get a job, which is the basis of class divisions. However, while children generally do not earn, they are usually put into the same class as their parents, thus, in a way they are born into a class. For instance, one of my parents friends was the son of a judge, and when he got married, his father paid for an extravagant wedding. Because the judge didnt exactly train the son to stand on his own two feet, the son struggled to keep afloat after his father passed away. To this day, the son and his wife would periodically visit my mom to solicit money for all kinds of reasons ranging from unpaid hospital bills to religious contributions to various faiths. Although the son could not be defined (in terms of wealth and occupation) as belonging to the same class as his judge father

because he didnt have a job nor did he have any wealth of his own, he did lead the same lifestyle his high class father was leading. And when his father passed away, he plunged into debt and thus became part of the lower classes, demonstrating that social mobility is possible in the class system. Class systems are also impersonal, unlike the relationships involved with a master and slave as is the case in slavery. Instead of outright declaring that the master is more superior to the slave, inequalities are implied between classes. For instance, whenever the high-class conyo clique in UP College of Architecture (Arki) passes by the halls of the building, people usually get out of the way. Even when I encounter individual members of this clique, I immediately look down and try my best not to bump into him or her. This is because it is apparent that we are from different classes, theirs ranking higher than mine. They dont tell me to get out of their way when they pass, in fact, they seem like very nice people, but because I am intimidated by them, I do it anyway.

Organization and Bureaucracy An organization is a group of people working together to achieve a common goal. It can be as small as a thesis group or as large as a university. Although there are informal organizations (as is the case with friendship cliques), most are formal and have an established set of rules and regulations that govern its members. For instance, I recently became a member of UP Sidlangan which is a regional organization whose members are from Eastern Visayas. Before I became a member, I underwent an application process that was predetermined by the members of the organization and has been established since the organization was founded.

A bureaucracy is defined as the rule of officials, which used to apply exclusively to government officials, but eventually, the definition extended towards large organizations as well, thus a bureaucracy is a type of organization. There are two types of relations within a bureaucracy: formal relations and informal relations. The former refers to the relationships between people in a bureaucracy as stated in that organizations constitution, or its set of principles, rules, and regulations. An example of this is the relationship between me and the president of UP Sidlangan. Although we were born only a few years apart, the organizations constitution states that the president is the highest policymaking entity. This implies that I should show the president respect because I have only recently become a member, and she has been an officer in the organization before I even got admitted into the university. Informal relations within a bureaucracy refer to the relationships between members of an organization outside of work. Usually this involves ones peers or co-workers. These relations also come into play whenever one encounters a difficulty in completing a job, and in an effort to not make himself/herself look incompetent to the supervisor, would consult a co-worker instead. For instance, for my design classes, we usually submit initial designs at the beginning of a plate. The professor would give comments on how to improve the design, but its not always that he/she is clear of what he/she wants me to improve on. I usually dont ask the professor because I dont want him/her to think that I have a problem understanding his/her instructions, so I usually consult with my classmates as to what they think the problem with my current design is. I would then incorporate my professors and my classmates comments into the next design, and the results are more often than not, satisfying.

Forms of Capital Capital is simply accumulated labor, or wealth in the form of money or other assets, and comes in four forms: economic, cultural, social, and symbolic. People are able to manipulate things according to their preferences with the help of these capitals. Basically, capitals are the raw material that we accumulate over time and make us better capable at the things we do. Economic capital includes material capital (non-living physical objects), financial capital (money), and living capital (animals, bodies of land and water). People who have economic capital have many benefits such as better reputations (if they owned a lot of material things) and being able to invest and gain even more money (if they had money to begin with). For instance, in Tacloban City where I grew up, owning an iPhone is very rare, since most of the residents of the city are middle class and only few actually have enough money at their disposal to be able to afford one. However, here in Metro Manila, almost all my classmates, especially those at the UP College of Architecture, own iPhones or other Apple products. This shows the contrast between those living in the provinces and those who grew up in the city, and how economic capital differs from place to place. Cultural capital is different from the other capitals in the sense that it is not owned by an individual but by a community of people. It is the shared internal and external processes of a community. For instance, in my hometown, we celebrate Pintados Kasadyaan every June. If I were the only one who had this kind of cultural capital, i.e. the ability to celebrate the festival, then I wouldnt be able to pull it off seeing as the essence of the festival is the parade of hundreds of painted people. Social capital consists of the network of people we know and who know us as well. This is very beneficial as people are more inclined to do favors for others if they had known each other

beforehand, so the most advantageous in this context are those who like to be friendly with everybody. For instance, my mother has worked in many parts of the country and as a result, has gained a lot of friends, or connections, all over the country as well. She has worked in Tacloban City the longest, transferring from office to office every few years. Because her workplaces are relatively dynamic, she knows a lot of people in different fields, and thus has diversity in her networks. When I told her once that I wanted to take up drum lessons, she talked to one of her friends, and in the end, her friend allowed me to bang away on the drum set of their church (which, as it turns out, was nearby) for as long as I wanted, and for free. I dont own a dress because I think its impractical, so whenever I need a dress for something, she would contact one of her many connections with teenage daughters, which results in me having many choices. Lastly, symbolic capital is the accumulation of wealth in terms of honor, prestige, or recognition. For instance, since I was young, I had dreamed of becoming an iskolar ng bayan. I worked at it slowly, doing well in grade school and getting into a science high school, and while there, doing well enough to secure myself a slot in the UP College of Architecture. I feel honored to be a student of this university, and although the greatest benefit of the title goes to my mother whenever she brags about me to her colleagues, it is not only confined to that. People usually take our opinions seriously, and many of my professors have told me that a UP graduates edge against graduates from other universities is that UP students are not pushovers. While other grads transform into yielding puppies while applying for a job, UP grads thoroughly weigh their choices and do start to question whenever they see anomalies. This reputation is carried by all students bearing the name of UP, and is a great benefit in the aspects of life where symbolic capital is an advantage.

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