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ChemWOOT Diagnostic Exam

You can use the problems below to determine if youre ready for ChemWOOT. The separate solutions document includes a grading scale that will help you determine ChemWOOTs suitability for you. Take your time on the problems below. Youre allowed to use a calculator, look up various constants as needed, and occasionally take a peek your chemistry book for refreshers. A. Reactions Question 1 ....C10 H12 O4 S(s) + ....O2 (g) ....CO2 (g) + ....SO2 (g) + ....H2 O(g) When the reaction above is balanced and the coecients are reduced to the lowest possible whole numbers, the coecient for O2 (g) is (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 6 7 12 14 None of the above

Question 2
2 ....H+ (aq) + ....MnO ....Mn2+ (aq) + ....SO2 4 (aq) + ....SO3 (aq) 4 (aq) + ....H2 O(g)

When the reaction above is balanced and the coecients are reduced to the lowest possible whole numbers, the coecient for H+ is (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 6 7 12 14 None of the above B. Stoichiometry and Gas Laws Question 3 A typical polyethylene bag from a grocery store weighs 14.0 g. How many molecules of ethylene, C2 H4 , must be polymerized to make such a bag? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 8.43 1024 1.20 1024 6.02 1023 3.01 1023 1.50 1023

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ChemWOOT Diagnostic Exam

Question 4 Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) According to the reaction above, how many liters of hydrogen gas would be released upon reaction of 6.00 g of magnesium metal with excess hydrochloric acid at 25.0 C and 1.00 atm? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 3.02 L 6.04 L 12.1 L 24.2 L None of the above

Question 5 A child at ground level (20.0 C and 1.00 atm) accidentally lets go of a 2.00-liter balloon. The balloon oats to an altitude where the temperature is 10.0 C and the air pressure is 0.940 atm. What is the new volume of the balloon? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 0.940 L 1.06 L 2.06 L 2.20 L None of the above

Question 6 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2 O(g) A mixture of gases containing 0.40 mol of H2 and 0.60 mol of O2 in a 7.0 L ask reacts to form H2 O at 120 C. What is the pressure in the ask after the reaction has gone to completion? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
0.40(0.0821)(393) 7.0 0.80(0.0821)(393) 7.0 1.20(0.0821)(393) 7.0 0.40(0.0821)(120) 7.0 0.80(0.0821)(120) 7.0

atm atm atm atm atm

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ChemWOOT Diagnostic Exam

C. Atomic and Molecular Structure Question 7 Which of the following molecules has two unshared pairs of electrons on the central atom? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) H2 S PH3 SiH4 HCN CS2

Question 8 Which of the following molecules have planar congurations? I. XeO3 II. CCl4 III. BCl3 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) I only III only I and II only I and III only I, II, and III

Question 9 Which of the following sets of quantum numbers (n, l, ml , ms ) could describe the valence electron of highest energy in a ground-state indium atom (atomic number 49)? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (5, 0, 0, 1 2) (5, 0, 1, 1 2) (5, 1, 1, 1 2) 1 (5, 1, 2, 2 ) (5, 2, 0, 1 2)

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ChemWOOT Diagnostic Exam

Question 10 Ionization Energies for Element Y (kJ/mol) First 787 Second 1577 Third 3232 Fourth 4356 Fifth 16090 The ionization energies for element Y are tabulated above. Based on this data, element Y is most likely to be (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Na Mg Al Si P

Question 11 Which comparison demonstrates that ionic bonds are stronger than hydrogen bonds? (a) (b) (c) (d) The melting point of NaCl (808 C) is higher than the melting point of sugar (186 C). The solubility of NaCl in water and the solubility of sugar in water are both very high. NaCl does not burn, while sugar caramelizes and chars readily when burned. A solution of NaCl can be electrolyzed to generate chlorine gas, while a solution of sugar does not even conduct electricity. (e) None of the above

Question 12 The city government in Wasilla, Alaska has hired you as a scientic consultant to help them remove ice from the sidewalks. Given equal masses of the following substances, which one would you recommend to be most eective at removing the ice? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Glucose (C6 H12 O6 , MW = 180 g/mol) NaBr (MW = 103 g/mol) KNO3 (MW = 101 g/mol) CaCl2 (MW = 111 g/mol) They are all equally eective.

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D. Kinetics Question 13 If 93.75 percent of a sample of pure (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 6 days 8 days 12 days 14 days 16 days

131

I decays in 32 days, what is the half-life of

131

I?

Question 14 Initial [NO] (M) 0.10 0.20 0.40 Initial [O2 ] (M) 0.10 0.40 0.10 Initial Rate of Formation of NO2 (M/s) 2.5 104 8.0 103 1.0 103

The initial-rate data in the table above was collected for the reaction shown below. What is the rate law for the formation of NO2 (g)? 2 NO(g) + O2 (g) NO2 (g) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate = = = = = k [NO][O2 ] k [NO]2 [O2 ] k [NO][O2 ]2 k [NO]2 [O2 ]2 k [NO]2 [O2 ]1/2 E. Solutions and Equilibrium Question 15 What volume of 0.300-molar HNO3 is required to neutralize 50.0 milliliters of 0.240-molar Ca(OH)2 ? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 40.0 60.0 80.0 120. 160. mL mL mL mL mL

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Question 16 2 CO(g) + O2 (g) 2 CO2 (g) When 0.80 mole of CO and 1.20 mole of O2 are placed in an evacuated 2.00-liter ask, the reaction represented above occurs. After the reactants and the product reach equilibrium and the initial temperature is restored, the ask is found to contain 0.60 mole of CO2 . Based on these results, the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kc , of the reaction is (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
(0.30)2 (0.45)(0.10)2 (0.30)2 (0.60)(0.40)2 (20.30) (0.45)(20.10) (0.30) (0.45)(0.10) (0.30) (0.60)(0.40)

Question 17 What is the concentration of OH in an aqueous 0.05 M solution of HCN? (The Ka for HCN is 5.0 1010 .) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 4.0 104 4.0 105 2.0 105 2.0 109 2.0 1011

Question 18 What is the molar solubility in water of Ag2 CO3 ? (The Ksp for Ag2 CO3 is 8 1012 .) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 8 1012 M 2 1012 M 4 1012 M 3 4 1012 M 3 2 1012 M

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G. Thermodynamics Question 19 N2 (g) + 3 F2 (g) 2 NF3 (g) The reaction above is thermodynamically spontaneous at 298 K, but becomes nonspontaneous at higher temperatures. Which of the following statements is true at 298 K? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) G, H , and S are all positive. G, H , and S are all negative. G and H are positive, but S is negative. G and S are negative, but H is positive. G and H are negative, but S is positive.

Question 20 The thermodynamics of protein-folding is a hot topic of current research. Consider a prototypical protein folding reaction which occurs inside your cells: Unfolded Protein Folded Protein Suppose further that the folded protein is lower in entropy (more ordered) than the unfolded protein. If G is negative under cellular conditions, which of the following must be true? I. H is negative. II. Under equilibrium conditions, [Folded Protein] > [Unfolded Protein]. III. The rate of the protein-folding reaction is so fast that no enzyme is needed. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) I only II only I and II only II and III only I, II, and III