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Laplace Transform

Definition of Laplace Transform Let be a given function which is defined for . If there exists a function so that

then integrator

is called the Laplace Transform of , and will be denoted by where is a parameter which may be real or complex. Thus

. Notice the

The symbol which transform into is called the Laplace transform operator. Laplace transformation is a powerful method of solving linear differential equations. It reduces the problem of solving differential equations into algebraic equations. Laplace Transform by Direct Integration To get the Laplace transform of the given function , multiply and integrate with respect to from zero to infinity. In symbol, . Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of when . by

Thus, answer
Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of .

Thus, answer

Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of .

For

Using integration by parts:

. Let

Using integration by parts again. Let

Thus,

Therefore, answer
Table of Laplace Transforms of Elementary Functions

Properties of Laplace Transform Constant Multiple If is a constant and

is a function of

, then

Example: Linearity Property If and are constants while transform exists, then and are functions of whose Laplace

Example:

First Shifting Property If , then,

Linearity Property | Laplace Transform If and are constants while transform exists, then and are functions of whose Laplace

Proof of Linearity Property

okay
This property can be easily extended to more than two functions as shown from the above proof. With the linearity property, Laplace transform can also be called the linear operator

Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of

answer Problem 02 By using the linearity property, show that

But

Thus,

From the table of Laplace transform, and Hence,

okay

First Shifting Property | Laplace Transform If , when then,

In words, the substitution for in the transform corresponds to the multiplication of the original function by .

Proof of First Shifting Property

Problem 01

okay
.

Find the Laplace transform of

Thus, answer
Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of .

Thus,

answer
Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of .

Thus,

answer

Problem 04 Find the Laplace transform of .

Thus,

answer

Laplace Transform of Derivatives For first-order derivative: For second-order derivative:

Proof of Laplace Transform of Derivatives

Using integration by parts,

Thus,

Apply the limits from 0 to :

okay
Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of using the transform of derivatives.

.......... .......... ..........

answer
Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of using the transform of derivatives.

..........

answer

Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of using the transform of derivatives.

..........

answer

Problem 04 Find the Laplace transform of using the transform of derivatives.

.......... ..........

answer

Laplace Transform of Intergrals If , then

Proof Let then, and

Taking the Laplace transform of both sides,

From Laplace transform of derivative, above,

and from the Theorem

Thus,

Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of if .

Since,

Then,

answer

Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of .

Hence,

answer

Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of

From division by t:

answer

Evaluation of Integrals

If

, then

Taking the limit as


Problem 01 Evaluate

, then

assuming the integral to be convergent.

Since and

Then,

Therefore, answer
Problem 02 Find the value of .

Therefore,

Therefore,

answer
Problem 03 Find the value of

By "first shifting property" of Laplace transformation:

From "multiplication by power of t":

Therefore,

answer

Problem 04 Evaluate

From Problem 01 | Division by t:

By first shifting property:

Thus,

answer

The Inverse Laplace Transform From , the value is called . In symbol,

the inverse Laplace transform of

where operator.

is called the inverse Laplace transform

To find the inverse transform, express into partial fractions which will, then, be recognizable as one of the following standard forms.

Theorems on Inverse Laplace Transformation Theorem 1 If and are constants,

Theorem 2

Problem 01 Find the inverse transform of

answer

Problem 02 Find the inverse transform of .

answer

Problem 03 Find the inverse transform of .

answer
Problem 04 Perform the indicated operation:

For

set set Thus,

answer Problem 05 Find the inverse transform of Factor the denominator by factor theorem is a factor

is a factor is a factor

Thus,

For

Set

Set

Set

Therefore,

answer

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