Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
There are sixty (60) questions in this paper. Each question consists of a stem followed b y
five possible responses, identified as A, B, C, D, E, which are either true or false. One
mark is given for a correct answer and one minus mark for a wrong answer, but a
minimum mark for each question is zero.
There is no restriction on the number of true or false items in a question. It is possible for
all the items in a question to be true, or for all to be false.
Mark the answer with a 2B pencil by shading the spaces provided in the answer sheet.
Candidates are not allowed to take away the question papers from the Examination Hall.
All papers are to be returned.
1. Statements regarding intracranial pressure:
8. Platelets
a. impaired platelet aggregation from deficiency of Factor VIII occurs
in Sickle Cell disease.
b. Young platelet cells are stored in the spleen for 7 days before being
released in blood.
c. Platelet cell transfusion must be given according to ABO blood type
compatibility.
d. Platelet cell transfusion carry high risk of bacterial contamination.
e. the platelet antibodies that may be found in patients after multiple
platelet transfusions are those antibodies that act against ABO
antigens.
a. Warfarin therapy
b. Christmas disease
c. Haemophilia A
d. Liver failure.
e. Von willebrand Disease
arteriosus
b. blood can go from the right atrium to the aorta without passing
through the left atrium and ventricle
c. the PO2 in the aortic arch is higher than in the descending aorta
d. blood flowing through the foramen ovale comes principally from
the superior vena cava
e. blood passes through the ductus arteriosus because of the high
pulmonary vascular resistance.
a. plasma
b. red blood cells
c. renal tubular cells
d. gastric parietal cells
e. cardiac muscle cells
20. Bile:
23. Aldosterone
a. is a C21 corticosteroid
b. has a half life of > 1 hour
c. tetrahydroaldosterone is a metabolite
d. acts via G-protein
e. conjugated with glucuronide and excreted by the kidney
24 Thyroid hormones
a PaO2 falls
b. PaO2 does not change
c. pH does not change
d. systemic venous PCO2 falls
e. venous PO2 rises
28. Regarding O2 transport
29 O2 flux
a. is approximately 250ml/min
b depends on cardiac output
c dissolved O2 follows Henry’s Law
d dissolved O2 contributes the larger form compared with biochemical form
e is the same as O2 content
a Hb concentration
b O2 saturation
c Cardiac output
d O2 consumption
e P50
32 Regarding P50
37 In the erythrocyte
38 Venous admixture
a Bronchial veins
b Thebesian veins
a. J wave
b. Long PR interval
c. Wide QRS
d. Nodal bradycardia
e. Long QT interval
54. The following values for water distribution are correct for a 70 kg person
a. TBW 49 Litres
b. ICF 28 Litres
c. ECF 21 Litres
d. Plasma 3.5 Litres
e. Interstitial fluid 3.5 Litres
a. Greater volume
b. Greater K+ ion concentration
c. Lower HCO3 ion concentration
d. Greater CL ion concentration
e. Greater osmolality
58 In the kidney
a. Requires ATP
b. Inhibited by digoxin
c. Maintains low intracellular chloride concentration
d. Is responsible for active transport of Sodium ions into the cell
e. Is responsible for generation of action potentials
60 Renal Blood Flow
a. Subject to autoregulation
b. Greater in cortex than medulla
c. Maybe measured by Fick principle
d. Is approximately 10% of cardiac output
e. Is unaffected in haemorrhagic shock