Subject Code Subject Title Teaching Scheme Credit Offered at Prerequisite Mechanical Engineering Objectives

000000 Finite Element Method and Optimization 04 Hrs (Lectures) (Tutorial +Activity Based Learning) 04 M. Tech. CAD/CAM Semester II NA 1. To prepare students for a professional career in Mechanical Engineering. 2. To prepare students to enter in Mechanical Engineering and closely related fields. 3. To provide a broad educational background and analytical problem-solving skills for successful transition to careers in other fields. 4. To develop skills for clear communication and responsible teamwork, foster professional and ethical attitudes and a sense of social responsibility, and instill a passion for life-long learning. 5. To prepare students to use modern computer tools to solve problems. 6. To prepare students to understand and appreciate professional behavior in engineering. 7. To prepare students to be effective team members (teamwork skills as well as communication skills). 1. To understand concept of Finite Element Method and Optimization and use of computers in this field 2. To understand about Elements and types of elements. 3. To understand about types of analysis likes structural, thermal, dynamic etc. 4. To understand about software applicability and there uses. 5. To understand about optimization techniques and their applicability.

Subject Objectives

Syllabus Contents

07 1. Introduction: Basic concepts, History of FEM, How does FEM work, approximate method vs exact solutions, Comparison of FEM with: Exact solutions and finite difference method; General procedure for FEM. Stress and equilibrium, strain displacement relations, stress strain relations, potential energy approach, Element shapes, nodes, nodal unknowns, coordinate systems, shape functions. 1-D FEM: Introduction, finite element modeling, coordinates and shape functions, the potential energy approach, element stiffness matrix, derivation of body and traction forces for 1-D FEM, assembly of global stiffness matrix and load vector, treatment of boundary conditions, basics of quadratic shape functions, temperature effects, numericals. 07 2. Trusses: Introduction, Plane trusses and its numericals. 2-D FEM using CST: Introduction, finite element modeling, CST: Isoperimetric representation, potential energy approach, element stiffness, force terms, numericals. Dynamic analysis using finite elements: Introduction, equation of motion using Lagranges approach, consistent and lumped mass matrices, form of finite element equations for vibration problems, some properties of Eigenpairs,

solution of Eigenvalue problems, transient vibration analysis. Nonlinear analysis using finite elements: Introduction, classifications of nonlinearities.

3. Introduction: Historical background, engineering applications, statement of 12 an optimization problem, classification of optimization problems. Classical optimization techniques: Introduction, single variable optimization, multivariable optimization with no constraints, multivariable optimization with equality constraints: solution by direct substitution and solution by the method of Lagrange multipliers, multivariable optimization with inequality constraints: Kuhn-Tucker conditions and constraint qualification.

16 4. Nonlinear programming One dimensional minimization methods: Introduction, classification, unimodal function, (i) Elimination methods: unrestricted search, exhaustive search, Fibonacci method, golden section method, comparison of elimination methods. (ii) Interpolation methods: quadratic interpolation method, direct root methods such as Newton method, Quasi-Newton method and Secant method. Nonlinear programming Unconstrained Optimization Techniques: Introduction, classification, (i) Direct search methods: Random search methods, pattern directions (ii) Descent methods: Gradient of a function. Optimization using: Genetic algorithms, Neural-Network-Based Optimization, Optimization of fuzzy systems Mode of Delivery Classroom/Laboratory Teaching - Teaching through models charts & transparencies, LCD & OH Projectors. Experts Lecture. - Through different field managers, engineers and expert faculty Demonstrations. - Seminar on selected topics, Group Discussion, Assignments, Problems & case studies, Industry based assignments, Handouts, Computer programming/software based assignments Reference Books

Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering by T. Chandrupatla and A. G. Belegundu. Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice by S. S. Rao. The Finite Element Method in Engineering by S. S. Rao. A textbook of Finite Element Analysis by P Sheshu. Introduction to the Finite Element Method by J. N. Reddy. Optimum Design of Mechanical Elements by R. C. Johnson.