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Name: Anil Bahall School: Carapichaima East Secondary Subject: Sociology Topic: The impact the Trinidad and
Tobago cadet force has made on youths1219 years in Carapichaima East Secondary School.

Class: 6 Science 1 Teacher: Miss Crystal

Table of contents
Introduction/Statement of Problem

Page Number

Aims and Objective of Study

Literature Review

Research Design

Sample Selection

Data Collection Tool/ Instrument

Presentation Of Data

Analysis Of Data

Discussion Of Findings

Conclusion Bibliography

Introduction
This IA will examine the positive and negative impacts the Trinidad and Tobago has on youths 12-19 years in Carapichaima East Secondary School I have chosen this topic because I have been an active member of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force (TTCF) for 3 years I am the rank of copral. This group has interested me and I enjoy being in this group. As a cadet I have learnt many things as such this group is very dear to me. This topic is very important to be researched because the information that I seek to gain from this IA will not only beneficial to me but all the students who are in Cadets. The Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force have been in existence for over 103 years. It was founded in May 1st 1910 at Queen's Royal and St Mary's Colleges by Sir George Ruthuen Lee Hunte. The Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force is a Voluntary Youth Organization that acquires its membership from secondary schools. The main objective of the Cadet Force is to train and inspire young men and women to be model citizens. Emphasis is placed on instilling in the Cadet qualities such as discipline, loyalty and duty. The training of Cadets is patterned after basic military practice and discipline. The Cadet Force is seen as the base for sourcing recruits for the Protective Services and the Defense Force. The Cadet Force was introduced in Carapichaima East Secondary School (PL3) in 2009.At present three other schools have come together to form Delta company, including Couva East Secondary (PL 1), Waterloo Secondary (PL 2), and Couva West Secondary (PL 4). Delta Company was formed. Since then there have been an increase in recruits with 35 students currently in Delta Company cadet force. For three years now cadets have been part of Carapichaima East Secondary School and Delta Company has been in existence for two years.

Statement of the Problem:

To investigate the positive and negative impacts of The Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force[TTCF] made on youths 12 19 years in Carapichaima East Secondary School.

Aims and Objective:

This research attempts to determine the following: -The positive impacts of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force on youths 12 19 years in Carapichaima East Secondary School. - The negative impacts of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force on youths 12 19 years in Carapichaima East Secondary School. Whether the Cadet Force has an impact on the rest of the student body of Carapichaima East Secondary School .

Literature Review
In the social sciences a social group has been defined as two or more humans who interact with one another, share similar characteristics and collectively have a sense of unity. Other theorists, however, are a wary of definitions which stress the importance of interdependence or objective similarity. Turner, J. C. (1982). Instead, for researchers in the social identity tradition "a group is defined in terms of those who identify themselves as members of the group". Platow, M.J.; Grace, D. M.; Smithson, M. J.(2011). Regardless, social groups come in a myriad of sizes and varieties. For example, a society can be viewed as a large social group. According to Emile Durkheim social order was created by an under lying set of moral rules, norms, beliefs and values, that give members of society the shared feeling of belonging ,thereby keeping society in harmony. The functional theory is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability (Dr. J khan). For example in the same way the body needs the brain, lungs and heart needs to work together to survive so people in society have to work together to survive. So too groups are important to promote working together to reach an equilibrium. The Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force is a national youth organisation sponsored by the Ministry of National Security. It is a military structured organisation that is open to young people in the secondary school system across the nation. Their core business is youth development. They achieve this goal through a cross section of military training experiences, leadership, personal development and civic responsibility experiences. Although they use military training our mandate is not just about "soldiering" but giving each young person the best opportunity to succeed in his or her chosen endeavour in conjunction with their academic performance. The Cadet programme is seen as a worthwhile foundation for those with career aspirations in the military. The Trinidad and Tobago Cadet force is very beneficial to most youths in the country most join for different reason such as for discipline to feel a since of belonging or many of them use their experiences to go into the protective services.

According to the Minster of National Security, Jack Warner, "You must have an automatic right to these institutions because you have invested your time and energy as young men in doing so. Warner said cadets should not be subjected to "the razzmatazz... to get into the services". He said, "What they are learning here, in my humble view, far surpasses the apprenticeship that any one of those guys entering the Police Service will ever have."(Trinidad and Tobago Express July 17, 2012 by Susan Mohammed). According to pervious Minster of National Security John Sandy said that reducing crime rates required a multi-pronged approach, which included suppression and prevention, and the implementation of the Cadet Force at schools can play a key role in the reduction of crime. He also said that the environment presents young cadets with opportunities for social interaction and the creation of a sense of solidarity amongst members of the Force, with members coming from different environments in the country.(Trinidad and Tobago Express By Susan Mohammed South Bureau Story Created: Jul 20, 2011) . Thus, according to Mohammed the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force has a positive impact on youths. The idea that cadet forces constitute a community that cares for its members and values each member was one important theme. Both community-based units and school-based Cadet Force saw the cadets as an enriching force, able to engage a diverse range of young people. Professor Graham Moon postulated that A second theme was the effective way in which cadet forces are able to inculcate a respect for authority. This effectiveness is linked to the voluntary nature of adult and youth involvement and also to the nature of the activities. Uniform, presentation and being on show provided a third theme. Cadet forces provide a service to their host communities and this service is often enhanced by its uniformed nature. Finally, there was consensus that cadets provide a good preparation for adult life and a strong antidote to prevailing negative stereotypes of youth. There is a broad consensus that participating in youth activities is a good thing but, as this research points out, potentially negative experiences can eventuate in certain contexts and these should be assessed alongside the positive. Competitive activities, typically sports, are a source of stress and anxiety and, under certain conditions, group dynamics can promote the use of alcohol and other less desirable behaviours. In addition, interactions with adult leaders can be experienced negatively. In general however, findings show that youth activities offer a wider range of developmental experiences than either hanging out or school, with higher rates of learning flowing from initiative, identity exploration and reflection, emotional learning, developing teamwork skills, and forming ties with community members. Two of the groups of youth activities identified in this research share characteristics with the cadet force: faith-based and community service activities, and community organizations and vocational clubs (which include non-military uniformed groups). Both groups offered well-defined sets of learning experiences. Experiences which linked to the development of identify and pro-social norms were most frequently reported in these two contexts as well as the opportunity to develop positive youth-adult relationship models. For many years there have been a lot of extracurricular activities present in schools. Extracurricular activities are very important to society because it helps students to feel a sense of belonging, prevent students from a life of crime, drinking alcohol and much more. School based extracurricular activities provide leisure which provides adolescents with unique developmental opportunities. Unlike other social contexts, most notably school (Eccles, Lord, &

Buchanan,), leisure is a context in which adolescents are encouraged to manage their own experiences by exerting personal control over their environments and acting autonomously (Brown & Theobald , Silbereisen & Eyferth,)

166 Beaucarro Road , Freeport January 14th, 2013.

Dear Cadet,

I am 20176 Cpl Anil Bahall, a student of form 6 Science 1, at the Carapichaima East Secondary School, McLeod Trace, Freeport. I am presently conducting a survey, as part of my Sociology Internal Assessment. My investigations focus on the impact of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force on youths age (12-19 years) at the Carapichaima East Secondary School. You are required to answer the questions to best of your ability. Please remember there are no right or wrong answers. Feel free to put short brief answer for the open ended questions and a thick by the box where there are more than one answers. Thank you for your kind co-operation.

Yours truly, 20176 Cpl Bahall Anil

QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Sex Male Female 2. Age 12-14 15-17 18-19 3. Rank Private Non commission officer 4. How long have you have been a member of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force? ( ( ) Years ) months

5. How often do you attend training? Once a month Twice a month Whenever you can make Everyday 6. Why did you join the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force? I wanted to join my friends I wanted to make new friends Other members of my family are involved (or have been involved with) the cadets I responded to an advert asking for new members to join the cadets I considered the cadet force were the best option for me I joined because my school offers Cadet activities as an option My school made me aware of the cadet forces I wanted to take part in the activities being offered by the cadet force I wanted to be associated with the Army, Air Guard, Police Service or Fire Service

7. Who motivated you to join the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force? Yourself Friend Parents Teacher

8. Where did you hear about the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force? School Friend Teacher Other. Please specify_____________________________________________ 9. Have you ever been suspended from school? Yes No 10. If yes, how many time? Once Twice

 More than three times 11. Do you participate in any other extracurricular activity? Yes No 12. If yes, please state what

13. Please tick the appropriate box below to show how much you agree or disagree with it. Strongly Agree Neither Disagree Strongly Not sure Agree agree or disagree disagree I have gained discipline when I joined the Trinidad & Tobago Cadet Force I have gained respect when I joined the Trinidad & Tobago Cadet Force If it was not for the Trinidad & Tobago Cadet Force I would be doing something illegal Trinidad And Tobago Cadet Force have wasted my time I would encourage someone to join the Trinidad &Tobago Cadet Force I obey all adults in authority who talk to me I do not look forward to go to training I lead by example 14. On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 means that you strongly disagree and 10 indicates that you strongly agree, how much do you disagree/agree with the following: Please tick one numbereach statement:Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

The cadets make me want to do really well in life The cadets have taught me how to get on with people My planning skills have got much better whilst in the cadets My leadership skills have got much better whilst in the cadets My practical skills have got much better whilst in the cadets. The cadets have given me a sense of community I have a healthier lifestyle because I am a cadet The cadets have taught me to have respect for authority The cadets have taught me to respect others generally The cadets have helped me stay out of trouble The cadets help me get on better with my family The TTCF picks up time from my school work

15. Do you think that being a cadet has helped/will help you...?Please put a tick by the appropriate answer Yes Get a job Succeed in your chosen career With school/college/university/work Get into college/university Research Design No Maybe

Research Design
The term Research Design may define as m a y b e d e f i n e d a s t h e s c i e n t i f i c process whereby data is collected. It is from research that theories are derived. Quantitative data was practical instruments for data collection for th e selected research, since it is general, objective and value free. The statistics of the data gathered can be easily quantified and is used to support the finding of research. Questionnaires were used for obtaining the necessary information because they are easy to administer and a large amount of samples could of been given out in a short space of time. Dataga t h e r ed f ro m t he qu e st i o nn ai r es w oul d b e e as i l y q ua nt i fi ed and displayed in various graphs. This study is based on the impact of the TTCF has made on youths

12-19 years of age in Carapichaima East Secondary School .To effectively complete this project, the study was done during the period of 1st of February to the 1st of March 2013. I n o r d e r t o a t t a i n t h e d a t a r a n d o m s a m p l i n g w a s u s e d , twenty questionnaires were given out on 18th February 2013 and returned on the 25th of February 2013. I choose the close ended questions because the reader had a wide selection of different choices and it was a fast and easy way to gain their opinion on the topic I have chosen .The open ended question were used since the respondents were required to give a short brief answer.

Sample Selection

Carapichaima East Secondary school consists of 1023 students, 30 of which belong to the Platoon 3 Delta Company of the Trinidad and Tobago Cadet Force. Twenty questionnaires were given out to only twenty members. I used simple random sampling to select respondents for my questionnaires and as a result, twenty members were chosen. I chose simple random sampling as a way to select respondents so that the research will not be biased to certain members.

Data Collection instrument

Questionnaires were used to collect data. The use of questionnaires was both cost-effective and time effective. The use of the questionnaire assured the maintained of increased objectivity and accuracy into my study. The data gathered from the questionnaire can be more easily quantified and easy to comprehend.

Presentation of Data
How often do you attend training

once a month Twice a month whenever you can make it everday

Figure1. Question 5 of the questioner represented by a pie chart showing how often do you attend training

Why did you join th TTCF ?

60 40 20 0 My school told take part in the to be me about the cadet force associated with TTCF activites the Protective services Why did you join th TTCF

Figure 2. Question 6 of the questioner represented by a column graph

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Do you participate in any other extracurricular activity

yes no

Figure3. Question 11 of the questioner represented by a Colum graph

The TTCF picks up time from my school work My leadership skills have got much better whilst in the TTCF My planning skills have got much better whilst in the TTCF The TTCF makes me want to excel in life 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

Figure4. Question 13 of the questioner represented by a bar graph

Analysis of Data
As seen in figure 1, 55% of cadets attend training whenever they can and 45% attend training whenever there is training to the question How often do you attend training? It was found that the 45% of cadet who attend training regularly are those who are dedicated and enjoy being in TTCF and the 55% who responded to the question could care less about the TTCF and is not so committed to as the 45%. Following in Figure 2, is the response to the question Why did you join the TTCF? in which 20% joined because Carapichaima East secondary told them about the TTCF,25% joined because to take part in activities offered by the TTCF and finally a total of 55% joined to for the reason being to be associated with the Protective services such as Army, Air Guard, Police Service or Fire Service. In figure 3, another question asked the respondents were asked, Do they participate in any other extracurricular activity and 75% said yes and the remaining 25% said no. This shows that generally a larger percentage of cadets are involved in extracurricular activities. As seen in figure 4,the statements were represented using a liken skill to respondent using a skill of 1 to 10 where 1 to 5 they strong disagree and 6 to 10 they strongly agreed.

In 1st statement The TTCF picks up time from my school work the results that was found were as follows 5% of cadets choose 4 to 5 which they moderately disagree and 60% of cadets choose 6 to 9 which they agreed and 40% choose 10 which they strongly agreed to the statement. The 2nd statement was My leadership skills have got much better whilst in the TTCF the results that was found were as follows 0% of cadets choose 4 to 5 which they moderately disagree and 60% of cadets choose 6 to 9 which they agreed and 40% choose 10 which they strongly agreed to the statement. The 3rd statement was My planning skills have got much better whilst in the TTCF the results that was tabulated were as follows 0% of cadets choose 4 to 5 which they moderately disagree and 60% of cadets choose 6 to 9 which they agreed and 40% choose 10 which they strongly agreed to the statement.

The last statement was The TTCF has make me want to do really well in life the results was as follows 10% of cadets choose 4 to 5 which they moderately disagree and 35% of cadets choose 6 to 9 which they agreed and 55% choose 10 which they strongly agreed to the statement .

Discussion of Findings
According to my 1st findings it is safety to say that a larger number of cadets dont really care to attend training regularly and is not so devoted in towards the TTCF which was a total of 55%, but a committed 45% of cadets are dedicated in coming training regally and do whatever in their power to attend training frequently. With regards to my 2nd findings which 20% joined because Carapichaima East secondary told them about the TTCF, 25% joined to take part in activities offered by the TTCF and finally a total of 55% joined for the reason being to be associated with the Protective services such as the Army, Air Guard, Police Service or Fire Service. Which means the majority of cadets joined so it will be easier to get into the protective services and uses this to their advantage. According to the Minster of National Security, Jack Warner, "Cadets should have an automatic right to these institutions because they have invested their time and energy as young men in doing so.(Trinidad and Tobago Express July 17, 2012 by Susan Mohammed). In my 3rd detection 75% said yes and the remaining 25% said no. This shows that generally a larger percentage of cadets are involved in extracurricular activities and they participate in other activities not only offered by the TTCF. The concept of asking this question was to detect if cadets only depend on the TTCF to make new friends and socialized extracurricular activities are very important to society because it helps students to feel a sense of belonging, prevent them from a life of crime, drinking alcohol and much more. (Eccles, Lord, & Buchanan) In my last results 1st statement it was that found were as follows 5% of cadets moderately disagree and 60% agreed and 40% strongly agreed. Which means cadets takes up time away from their school work, although they suppose to manage their time efficiently they dont so they cant blame the TTCF but themselves for mismanagement of time.

The 2nd statement the results was 0% moderately disagree and 60% agreed and 40% strongly agreed to the statement. This is evidences that the TTCF teaches cadets about leadership skills and how to lead in society as young men and women. The 3rd statement that were tabulated were 0% moderately disagree and 60% agreed and 40% y strongly agreed to the statement. That means the TTCF also teaches cadets how to plan for their day or the approaching day by following a plan or guide. The last statement concluded that 10% moderately disagree and 35% agreed and 55% strongly agreed to the statement. The larger percent agree that the TTCF promotes achievement in life and toward goals.

Conclusion
In conclusion the TTCF has made many positive and negative impacts on youths 12-19 years of age in Carapichaima East Secondary such as encouraging them to excel in life, how to plan for the future and even leadership skills. However it can be seen that there are no girls involve in cadets at Carapichaima East Secondary because they think its a male dormant activity and there is a 75% drop up rate because cadets leaving for various reasons.

Bibliography
http://kidshealth.org/teen/homework/back/involved_school.html http://armycadets.com/become-a-cadet/benefits-of-joining/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_functionalism http://www.trinidadexpress.com/news/Jack_wants_to_fast-track_cadets_into_law_enforcement162817786.html http://www.trinidadexpress.com/news/Cadets_to_play_role_in_shaping_society-125867348.html

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^ "Social Groups." Cliffsnotes.com. Accessed June 2011. ^ a b c Turner, J. C. (1982). Tajfel, H.. ed. "Towards a cognitive redefinition of the social group". Social identity and intergroup relations(Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press): 1540.

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^ a b Platow, M. J.; Grace, D. M.; Smithson, M. J. (2011). "Examining the Preconditions for Psychological Group Membership: Perceived Social Interdependence as the Outcome of Self-Categorization". Social Psychological and Personality Science 3 (1).

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^ Reicher, S.D. (1982). The determination of collective behaviour (pp. 41-83). In H. Tajfel (ed.), Social identity and intergroup relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

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