Master in Bioingineria protezarii

Cursul: TEHNICI CAD/CAM

Facultatea de Bioinginerie medicala, UMF Iasi Anul universitar 2010 - 2011

Modelarea 3D cu ajutorul volumelor

n general, obiectele 3D pot fi construite n urmtoarele moduri: Modelare cu volume elementare (primitive); Modelare prin extrudare; Modelare prin deplasare dupa o curba Modelare prin rotaie; Modelare prin combinaii de volume; Modelare prin modificarea volumelor existente.

1. Modelare cu volume elementare (primitive)

Se pot construi:

paralelipipedul, conul, cilindrul, sfera, torul, piramida, nervura, polysolidul.

1.1 Paralelipipedul
Specify first corner or [center]: Specify a point or enter c for center Specify other corner or [cube/length]: Specify the other corner of the box or enter an option

1.2 Conul
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/TTR/Elliptical]: Specify a point (1) or enter an option Specify base radius or [diameter] <default>: Specify a base radius, enter d to specify a diameter, or press Enter to specify the default base radius value Specify height or [2point/axis endpoint/top radius] <default>: Specify a height, enter an option, or press Enter to specify the default height value

1.3 Cilindrul
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: Specify a center point or enter an option Specify base radius or [Diameter] <default>: Specify a base radius, or enter d to specify a diameter, or press Enter to specify the default base radius value Specify height or [2point/Axis endpoint] <default>: Specify a height, enter an option, or press Enter to specify the default height value

1.4 Torul
Specify center point of torus: Specify a point (1) Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: Specify a distance or enter d

1.5 Sfera
Lista Draw Modeling Sphere. At the Command prompt, enter sphere. Specify the center of the sphere. Specify the radius or diameter of the sphere

1.6 Nervura (wedge)

2. Modelare prin extrudare

Functia: Extrude Se pot extruda urmatoarele contururi inchise: 3D faces Arcs Blocks Circles Ellipses Elliptical arcs Helixes Lines Mesh faces Polylines: 2D Splines 2D

2.1 Parametrii de extrudare

Object to extrude Height of extrusion Direction Path Taper angle

Direction

Isolines = 6-60

3.1 Modelare prin deplasare dupa o curba- Sweep

Lista Draw Modeling Sweep

3.2 Modelare prin deplasare dupa o curba- Loft

LOFT command can create a new solid or surface by specifying a series of cross sections. The cross sections define the profile (shape) of the resulting solid or surface. Cross sections (generally, curves or lines) can be open (for example, an arc) or closed (for example, a circle). LOFT draws a solid or surface in the space between the cross sections. You must specify at least two cross sections when you use the LOFT command.

4. Modelarea prin rotaie

Comanda Revolve creeaz obiecte prin rotirea contururilor 2D dup o ax. Se pot roti polilinii nchise, spline nchise, poligoane, cercuri, elipse i regiuni Elementele grafice care se intersecteaz nu pot fi rotite. Se selecteaza conturul si apoi axa

5. Modelare prin combinaii de volume

Functii: Union; Subtract; Intersect.
Lista Modify

5.1 Functia: Union

Functie in lista: Modify Solid Editing Union Se pot combina 2 sau mai multe obiecte 3D

5.2 Functia: Subtract

Lista: Solid Editing Subtract

Comenzi: 1. Select objects (to subtract from)

Specifies the 3D solids, surfaces, or regions to be modified by subtraction.

2. Select objects (to subtract)

Specifies the 3D solids, surfaces, or regions to subtract.

5.3 Functia: Intersect

Lista: Modify Solid Editing Intersect Select the 3D solids, surface, or region to intersect. Press Enter

6. Modelare prin modificare

Obiectele 3D pot fi editate prin: aranjare, oglindire, teire, racordare sau secionare.

Comenzile Array, Mirror, Move, Fillet, Trim , Chamfer , Rotate 3D, Slice, Section, Scale si Grips pot fi utilizate la obiectele 3D la fel ca la obiectele 2D.

6.1 Functia Array

rectangular

6.2 Array

polar

6.3 Functia Mirror

1.3D Mirror din lista Modify 2.Select the object to mirror. 3.Specify three points to define a mirroring plane. 4.Press Enter to retain the original objects, or enter y to delete them.

6.4 Functia Move

Lista Modify 3D Operations 3D Move

6.5 Functia Fillet (racordari)

Lista Modify, Fillet. At the Command prompt, enter fillet. Select the edge of the solid to fillet. Specify the fillet radius. Select additional edges or press Enter to fillet.

6.6 Functia Chamfer (tesire)

Chamfer: (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = current, Dist2 = current Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: Use an object selection method or enter an option

6.7 Functia 3DRotate

Lista Modify 3D Operations 3D Rotate

6.8 Functia Slice (sectionare)

.

6.9 Functia Section

The SECTION command creates a region object that represents a 2D cross section of 3D objects, including 3D solids, surfaces, and meshes

6.10 Functia Scale

Change the size of 3D objects uniformly or along a specified

axis or plane.

6.11 Functia Grips (agatare)

1. La command: nu se scrie nici o functie 2. Se selecteaza obiectul 3D 3. Se schimba aspectul obiectului si apar repere 4. Se muta un punct de reper

Proiectarea 3D a unui clip anevrismal

Montajul unui clip anevrismal

Montaj

Dispozitive de aplicat clipuri

Dispozitive de aplicat clipuri

Dimensiunile unui clip

Modele de clipuri

Bibliografie
Oct.Ciobanu Proiectare cu ajutorul calculatorului, 198 pagini, Editura Matrix Rom Bucuresti ISBN 973-685-222-9 , 2001 O. Ciobanu The use of CAD environments in 3D reconstruction of anatomic surfaces. Proceedings of MMVR Conference, Long Beach, U.S, 24-27 Jan. 2006