Revista Electronic Mateinfo.

ro ISSN 2065 6432 Ianuarie 2012

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Soluii pentru patru probleme (J208, J209, S207, S209) din Mathematical Reflections nr. 5 / 2011 altele dect cele din Mathematical Reflections nr. 6 / 2011 Titu Zvonaru1 i Neculai Stanciu2

Solution by:Titu Zvonaru, Comneti, Romania and Neculai Stanciu, George Emil PaladeSecondary School, Buzu, Romania.
We well-known that 2bcma 2bc (by Stewart theorem we obtain that s a = 2 ma and the by Van AK = 2 2 2 b + c2 a +b +c 2bcma Aubell theorem or Menelaus theorem we deduce that AK = 2 ) , so we have to a + b2 + c2 prove that 2 9R 2 2 2 bcma 3R a 2 ( bcma ) a 2 , and because 4 3 ma2 = 4 a 2 , and applying C-B-S we obtain that ( (bc )ma )2 ( b 2 c 2 )( ma2 ) = 3 ( b 2 c 2 )( a 2 ) , so is enough(sufficcient) to prove that 4 2 3 9R 2 2 2 2 b c a a 2 3 b 2 c 2 9 R 2 a 2 . 4 4 2 2 But we known that a 9 R , and we have done if we prove that

)(

We have equality if and only if ABC is equilateral.

3 b 2 c 2

( a )( a ) b c a
2 2 2 2

, which is true.

1 2

Comneti c. gen. George Emil Palade , Buzu

Revista Electronic Mateinfo.ro ISSN 2065 6432 Ianuarie 2012

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Solution by Titu Zvonaru, Comneti, Romania and Neculai Stanciu, George Emil Palade Secondary school, Buzu, Romania. By Cauchy-Buniacovski Schwarz or Bergstrm s inequality (or Lema T2 , or Titu Andreescus inequality) we have
(b + c) 5 (c + a ) 5 (a + b) 5 (b + c) 6 (c + a ) 6 (a + b) 6 (b + c) 3 + (c + a ) 3 + (a + b) 3 + + = + + a b c a (b + c) b(c + a ) c(a + b) 2(ab + bc + ca) so it is sufficient to prove that
32 (ab + bc + ca ) 9 8 (b + c) 3 + (c + a ) 3 + (a + b) 3 (ab + bc + ca ) 3 3 3 3 3 (b + c) + (c + a ) + (a + b) 8(ab + bc + ca)(a + b + c)

[(b + c)

+ (c + a ) 3 + ( a + b ) 3 2(ab + bc + ca)

We use

and we have successively that

which is true by AM-GM inequality ( a 3 3abc , a 2 b 3abc, We have equality if and only if a = b = c =
1 . 3

6 a + a b + ab 24abc ,
3 2 2

3 2 a 3 + 3 a 2 b + 3 ab 2 8 a 2 b + ab 2 + 3abc

cyclic

) (

)
ab
2

3abc ).

Revista Electronic Mateinfo.ro ISSN 2065 6432 Ianuarie 2012

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Solution by: Titu Zvonaru, Comneti, Romania and Neculai Stanciu, George Emil Palade Secondary School, Buzu , Romania.
We denote by bc 1 = x, ca 1 = y, ab 1 = z and then we have x + y + z = 0 . We use the identities x 3 + y 3 + z 3 3 xyz = ( x + y + z ) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 xy yz zx and (x + y + z )(xy + yz + zx ) = 3xyz + x 2 y + xy 2 and we deduce that x 3 + y 3 + z 3 = 3 xyz and x 2 y + xy 2 = 3 xyz . We have 2 2 a (b c) z y x z y x xy x y bc 1 = x + y + z = xyz 2 and because ( x y )( y z )( z x ) = xy y xz + yz ( z x ) = xy 2 x 2 y we obtain that

Then we calculate bc 1 x

a (b c) ( x y )( y z )( z x) . = bc 1 xyz y z

a(b c) = z y + x z + y x , where we taking account that

x( x z )( y x) + y ( z y )( y x) + z ( z y )( x z ) = x 2 y x 3 xyz + x 2 z + y 2 z xyz y 3 + + xy 2 + xz 2 z 3 xyz + yz 2 = x 3 + x 2 y + xy 2 3 xyz = 9 xyz , and we obtain that

a(b c) = z y + x z + y x = ( z y)( x z )( y x) , and in finnaly we have

9 xyz bc 1 ( x y )( y z )( z x) a (b c) = = 9 = 32 . 1 ( ) ( )( )( ) bc a b c xyz z y x z y x

bc 1

9 xyz

Revista Electronic Mateinfo.ro ISSN 2065 6432 Ianuarie 2012

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Solution by Titu Zvonaru, Comneti, Romania and Neculai Stanciu, George Emil Palade Secondary School, Buzu, Romania.
We have ( s a )( s b)ab = ab s 2 s (a + b) + ab = ab( sc + ab s 2 ) and by ab + bc + ca = s 2 + r 2 + 4 Rr we obtain that ( s a )( s b) 1 = (abcs + a 2 b 2 abs 2 ) = c abc 2 1 = 3abcs + s 2 + r 2 + 4 Rr 2abc(a + b + c) s 2 ( s 2 + r 2 + 4 Rr ) abc 1 ( = abcs + s 4 + r 4 + 16 R 2 r 2 + 2 s 2 r 2 + 8 Rrs 2 + 8 Rr 3 s 4 r 2 s 2 4 Rrs 2 ) abc 1 ( = 4 Rrs 2 + s 2 r 2 + r 4 + 16 R 2 r 2 + 8 Rr 3 + 4 Rrs 2 ) abc r2 2 r2 2 2 2 2 = s + 16 R + 8 Rr + r = s + (4 R + r ) abc abc and the inequality to prove becomes sr R 2r r R 2r 2 2 s 2 + (4 R + r ) 4 s 2 + 4 s 2 s 2 + (4 R + r ) 1 + 4R + r R 4 R + r 4 Rs R 2r 3 2 2 s2 3 + 4 (4 R + r ) s (16 R 5r ) (4 R + r ) . 4R + r Because s 2 4 R 2 + 4 Rr + 3r 2 (see 5.8. from Geometric Inequalities, O. Bottema, Groningen, 1969) is sufficient to prove that 3 4 R 2 + 4 Rr + 3r 2 (15 R 5r ) (4 R + r ) 64 R 3 + 64 R 2 r + 48 Rr 2 20 R 2 r 20 Rr 2 15r 3 64 R 3 + 48 R 2 r + 12 Rr 2 + r 3 2 4 R 2 r 16 Rr 2 + 16r 3 0 4r (R 2r ) 0 , which is true. We have equality if and only if the triangle is equilateral.