GLOSSARY The Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-beta superfamily of cytokines that are involved

in development, differentiation, and disease. The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) super-family consists of a large number of growth and differentiation factors, such as TGF-betas, activins, inhibins, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). These TGF beta ligands act through specific serine/threonine type I and Type II receptor kinases. These type I and II receptor kinases subsequently activate Smad proteins, which then propagate the signals into the nucleus to regulate target gene expression. Several BMP isotypes have been identified (BMP1 through BMP16) have been recovered through molecular cloning. Recombinant protein products from several of these clones (BMP2-BMP16) are members of the TGF-beta super-family of regulatory ligands. There exist high degree of amino acid sequence homology between BMP5, BMP6, and BMP7, that constitute a subfamily within the BMPs. The signaling systems of BMP are highly conserved from flies to mammals and have been shown to be important in the development of multiple organs.

There are 2 variants fond in the BMP8 family (BMP8A and BMP8B). Bone morphogenetic protein 8A (BMP8A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMP8A gene. BMP8A is a polypeptide member of the TGF superfamily of proteins. It, like other bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), is involved in the development of bone and cartilage. BMP8A may be involved

in epithelial osteogenesis. It also plays a role in bone homeostasis. It is adisulfidelinked homodimer.

Gambar 1. Anti-BMP-8A antibody

Gambar 2. Anti-BMP-8A antibody

Bone morphogenetic protein 8B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMP8B gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TGF superfamily. It has close sequence homology to BMP7 and BMP5 and is believed to play a role in bone and cartilage development. It has been shown to be expressed in the hippocampus of murine embryos. The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of secreted signaling molecules that can induce ectopic bone growth. Many BMPs are part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. Based on its expression early in embryogenesis, the BMP encoded by this gene has a proposed role in early development. In addition, the fact that this BMP is closely related to BMP5 and BMP7 has led to speculation of possible bone inductive activity.

Gambar 3. BMP8B Antibody

BMP8 is also known as osteonegenic protein 2 (OP 2). Closely related BMPs may use the same or different receptor complexes for signaling in a timeand space-dependent manner during development and differentiation. The BMP8 signaling requires involvement of mother-against-dpp (MAD) related protein 1 (MADr1) signaling pathway as a down stream component during meiotic male germ cell differentiation. The Bmp8 gene is expressed in developing skeletal

tissue and maps near the Achondroplasia locus on mouse chromosome 4. BMP8 Induces cartilage and bone formation. May be the osteoinductive factor responsible for the phenomenon of epithelial osteogenesis. It also plays a role in calcium regulation and bone homeostasis.

List of References 1. Chen D, Zhao M, Mundy GR. Bone morphogenetic proteins. School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. 2004. Dec;22(4):233-41. 2. John M. Wozney, PhD. Overview of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins. 2002. Volume 27, Number 16S, pp S2S8. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. 3. http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/cyberlaw2005/sites/cyberlaw2005/images/Bo ne_Morphogenic_Protein_review.pdf 4. http://www.antibodies-online.com/antibody/460782/anti-BMP-8A/ 5. http://www.lsbio.com/Antibodies/BMP8B-Antibody-LS-B790/33538