Photosynthesis process

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a Biochemical Process that occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria. Plants which can make photosynthesis are called autotrophs. Autotrophs means to synthesize food directly from inorganic compounds. Plants use carbon dioxide and water to produce sugar and oksigen . Plants capture light using a pigment called chlorophyll. Pigment that gives green color in plants. Chlorophyll contained in organelles called kloroplas.chlorophyll absorb light to be used in photosynthesis. most of the energy is produced in the leaves. In the leaves there is a layer of cells called mesophyll containing half a million chloroplasts per square millimeter. Plants need sunlight, water, and air to produce their own food. Every day, leaf chlorophyll absorb sunlight. Plants utilize sunlight to carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil into sugars. How does photosynthesis happen? There are two parts of photosynthesis. Hill reaction(depend light) First step of photosynthesis is hill reaction or reaction depend to sunlight. In hill reaction have 3 process that take place in chloroplast especially thylakoid. 1. photosynthetic pigments absorb light energy and release electrons that will go into the electron transport system 2. water molecule break, ATP and NADPH are formed, and oxygen is released 3. photosynthetic pigments which release electrons re accept electrons from other. On the light reaction, energy of sunlight stimulate the release of electron from photosystem in thylakoid membrane. the flow of electrons through the transport system and produce ATP and NADPH. ATP and NADPH can be made on non cyclic process. That electron flow from water and go to photosystem II an photosystem I. Electron and hydrogen will make NADPH and ATP. The released oxygen useful for aerob respiration

Black mann reaction(indepent) Black mann can be called calvin benson reaction. This reaction occur in stroma. this reaction can be happened if there is founded ATP and NADPH from hill reaction. Black mann reaction has three steps. They are fixation, reduction and regeneration. Black mann reaction needs ATP, hydrogen and electron from NADPH, carbon and oxygen from carbondioxide , enzym and RUBP. Rubp have 5 carbon atom.

How blackmann reaction happen? Rubp hold carbondioxide become unstable 6 carbon compound. This compund break become 2 Phosphoglyceric (PGA). Those Phosphoglyceric receive phosphate groups from ATP and hydrogen and electrn from NADPH. For each 6 carbondioxide molecule that is held will be produced from 12 PGAL. From 12 PGAL, 10 molecule back to first step become RuBP,and RuBP will hold new carbondioxide. Two other PGAL will condensation become glucose 6 phospat. This molecule is raw materials for the last product for the next molecule.

The benefit of photosynthesis for reducing levels of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the air because CO2 is a raw material in the process of photosynthesis. It Makes organic molecules (glucose) out of inorganic materials (carbon dioxide and water).