VISION A premier university in historic Cavite recognized for excellence in the development of morally upright and globally competitive

Republic of the Philippines CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

Don Severino de las Alas Campus Indang,

Dyadic Communication

MISSION Cavite State University shall provide excellent, equitable and relevant educational opportunities in the arts, Cavitescience and technology through quality instruction and relevant research and development activities. It shall produce professional, skilled and morally upright individuals for global

Conversation
These are the blocks from which interpersonal relationship evolve. The manner we talk and the way we use words to express our ideas determines the kind of relationship we will have. A good conversation will lead to a enjoyable, stimulative communication while on the other hand a bad communication will lead to boredom.

Nature of Conversation It is a face to face means of communication using verbal and non-verbal symbols. It can take place anywhere and the messages are informal. It has no definite topic but the participants can choose different subject matters to talk with. It is a form of interactive, spontaneous communication between two or more people who are following rules of etiquette.

Characteristics: 1.It involves two active participants. 2.It has no specific topic but may cover an unlimited number of subject matters. 3.The participants have a shared history. 4.The encounter is spontaneous. 5.The flow of message is two-way. 6.Reception and evaluation of the feedback are immediate.

Many conversations can be divided into four categories according to their major subject content Conversations about subjective ideas, which often serve to extend understanding and awareness. Conversations about objective facts, which may serve to consolidate a widely-held view.

Conversations about other people (usually absent), which may be either critical, competitive, or supportive. This includes gossip.

Functions
Functional conversation is designed to convey information in order to help achieve an individual or group goal. Small talk is a type of conversation where the topic is less important than the social purpose of achieving bonding between people or managing personal distance. Banter is non-serious conversation, usually between friends, which may rely on humour or injokes at the expense of those taking part. However, people engaging in such a conversation are often signaling that they are comfortable enough in each others' company to be able to say such things without causing harm. To be a good conversationalist is not a tall order; it only needs awareness of others and of yourself. Awareness of others : 1.Observe the one-minute rule. 2.Seek topics of mutual interest. 3.Listen to what the other person has to say. 4.Ask questions. Awareness of self: 1.Be tactful and courteous. 2.Express sincere compliments. 3.Do not step on somebodys toes. 4.Do not argue.

DIALOGUE
A dialogue is another form of dyadic in that communication involving two active participants in a face-to-face encounter the sender and the receiver of the message. It differs from a conversation in that a dialogue is purposive; it has a definite agenda or topic to discuss, usually problem solving according to Verderver he termed dialogue as problem-consideration conversation.

Characteristics of Dialogue: is planned, not spontaneous;

is more intimate than a conversation because there is ah problem to be solved; Requires more self-revelation in aid of problem solving; and is more orderly than a conversation where anything goes in terms if topic and speaker.

Five-Steps pattern for a Dialogue (Verderber 164) 1. Greeting and small talk This is to break the ice and establish rapport before going to the core of the dialogue (e.g., How is the weather? Too hot for comfort? or Something on the issues of the day may be good starters ). 2. Introducing the topic The topic or the problem is presented and the need to discuss it us laid down ( e.g., I am glad you came. We need to talk about our coming thesis defense. Do you think our professor would agree to a postponement?).
3. Exchanging and processing of information

Discussion starts with the sharing of information, giving alternatives, and discussing advantage and disadvantage of the options offered, which are all aimed at solving the problem about the postponement of the thesis defense.
4. Summarizing decision and clarifying the next step

After the discussion and evaluation of the pros and cons of the options, the leader announces the final and asks the next step to take (e.g., When are we to see the professor to request for the postponement? Where? How?).

5. Formal closing Once the participants have agreed on the next step/s to be taken, the discussion should be closed formally; however, the door should be left open for further dialogue. Appreciation for making the dialogue possible should be expressed (e.g., Thank you for sharing your ideas to solve the problem. With people like you, there will be no unsolved problems.) (Verderber 168-169)

Characteristics of an Ethical Dialogue

Johannessen believes that the ethical dialogues are characterized by authenticity, empathy, confirmation, presentness., equality, and supportive climate. 1. Authenticity Is the direct, honest, and straightforward sharing of information, ideas, opinions, and feelings relevant to the issue at hand. To disagree without saying anything is not authenticity; to agree to something that you do not believe in is not authenticity either. 2. Empathy Is identifying with or vicariously experiencing another persons feelings without giving up your own stand or belief in the issues (e.g., I can feel what you are going through. I may not agree with you, but I understand why feel that why) 3. Supportive Climate Is encouraging participants to actively share ideas in a dialogue by recognizing their contributions to the task no matter how insignificant. 4. Confirmation Means acceptance or tolerance of the other persons uniqueness without necessarily approving of this behavior or view (e.g., You certainly have your own way of seeing things and I marvel at that, but I still prefer that you did not get a tattoo.). 5. Presentness Simply said, is making your presence felt by giving time, concentration, and commitment, even taking risk for the solution of the problem at hand. Asking questions relevant to the discussion is also a way of showing presentness. 6. Equality Is treating your partner as equals, regardless of differences in socioeconomic status. To flaunt ones achievement and power role over another in a conversation is rude and out of place because conversations are informal and casual.

The Interview
Definition:

An interview is a conversation between two people (the interviewer and the interviewee) where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee. The qualitative research interview seeks to describe and the meanings of central themes in the life world of the subjects. The main task in interviewing is to understand the meaning of what the interviewees say. (Kvale,1996) The Interview gathers information to answer questions or verify information gathered to avoid incorrect references.

During the interview, it is imperative that both the interviewer and the interviewee be equipped with skills to accomplish their respective task effectively. Types according to Purpose 1. Press Interview -Gathers Information, facts, and data to review a problem Ex. Recorded, Streaming audio, Streaming Video, etc

2. Performance-appraisal Interview -Evaluate job performance of someone or purposes of promotion -Performance appraisal interview is an interview that conducts between HR dept/manager and employee per year/6 months, or 3 months. -HR management and Employee Reviews

3. Counseling Interview -Seeks to alter undesirable behaviors -Effective counseling skills begin with a thoughtful self analysis including an assessment of own feelings and communication skills.

-Examples of appropriate people to interview may include a residence hall assistant (or RA), an academic advisor, someone who works in the campus counseling center, a student health aid, a member of the clergy, or even some financial advisors

4. Grievance Interview -Aims to improve or solve problems situations -A formal communication between an employee and the management designed for the settlement of a grievance.

5. Correction Interview -Identifies unacceptable behavior for the purpose of modifying such behavior -Usually situational questions and general background questions pertaining to your suitability for the job

6. Sales Interview -Presents a solution to a problem and makes a sale -Sales interview will focus on questions that look for evidence of the core competencies needed to succeed in a sales job -A meeting between a salesperson and a prospective customer in which the customer obtains all information about a product necessary for them to be able to make a buying decision

7. Exit Interview -Identifies ones reason for leaving or for creating goodwill -A meeting between at least one representative from a company's human resources (HR) department and a departing employee. (The departing employee usually has voluntarily resigned vs. getting laid off or fired.) The HR rep might ask the employee questions while taking notes, ask the employee to complete a questionnaire, or both

8. Survey Interview -Seeks to gather data to answer some research questions -More personal form of research than questionnaires

Guidelines on Conducting an Interview A. The Interviewer

A skillful interviewer plans his interview carefully and takes into consideration the following:

1. The interview should have a definite purpose. 2. The interview questions should suit the purpose of the interview and the interviewees personality and status. 3. The interviewees convenience and comfort should be taken into consideration in setting the time and the place of the interview.

4. Ground rules must be lay down, particularly the scope and limitations. 5. The data gathered in the interview should be reviewed and clarified for accuracy.

B. The Interviewee

The interviewee should prepare also for the interview if he is to contribute substantially to the success of the interviewer.

1. He should know the purpose of the interview, except in cases where the purpose is obvious, as in interviews related to jobs, scholarships or loans. 2. He should know the scope and limitations of the interview, the kinds of information he is expected to give. He should be prepared to present such information, perhaps with visual aids. 3. He should be open-minded, cooperative, helpful and friendly. Regardless of the purpose, the interviewee should not be defensive, hostile, or evasive in answering questions because the interviewer may get an unfavorable impression.

GROUPS OF COMMUNICATION
Different groups we belong to *primary group these are our support groups, such as family members and friends *social group- these are groups of people who enjoy being with us in pursuit of recreational (ex tennis buddies, government)

*Self-help governing group these are the members who offer support and encouragement to other people dealing with the similar problems..(ex cancer survivors giving hope to cancer victims) *Learning group-these groups help members acquire information and develop skills( ex cooking class,) *Service group-these are groups are dedicated to worthy causes that help other people both within and outside the group. ( ex .red cross) *work group- these are committees and teams that help us accomplish our job related tasks. ( ex.marketing team , committee on school.)

Nature of group communication A collection of people qualifies as a group if : The group has a common definite purpose for communication; The members are aware of one another and their existence; The members interact with one another to achieve the purpose; and They see themselves as part of the group (commitment)

Kinds of Groups
1. According to purpose.classified into two groups , primary and discussion

*primary group- functions as a support group for its members ( ex. family) *discussion group- function as a clearing house where each member is required where each member is required to speak out his feelings and ideas for enlightenment and solution of a problem .

2.

According to participation

*public or open discussion- an audience is present to listen and at times to participate in the proceedings.

*private or closed discussion- is one which no audience listens and participates in the proceedings.

3.

According to seating arrangement

*formal *quite formal *informal

4.

According to communication

*One way communication pattern-is when the sender transmits the message and expects no response, further discussion.

*Two way communication-involves sharing information between two or more parties in an interactive exchange of ideas. The sender expects a feedback and should be willing to provide response.

Types of Discussion Groups

1. Panel Discussion a. Public or open discussion b. Composed of a moderator and four to six members, seated at the table facing the audience c. Members or panelists look into the different aspects of a problem as they individually express their views or ideas on the topic d. Audience are allowed to participate by asking questions 2. Symposium a. Public or open discussion group

b. Combination of instruction and discussion c. Consists of a moderator and three to five experts as members d. Each participant covers one specific phase of the whole topic under discussion e. After all the speeches, the audience may be called to participate by asking questions 3. Lecture Panel a. Public or open discussion group b. Headed by a chairperson c. A recognized expert is invited to present a lecture about a subject then he is interrogated by the panel d. Audience listens but is not allowed to participate 4. Roundtable Session a. Closed or private discussion group b. Commonly seen in classes c. Everyone is a participant and there is no moderator d. Circular seating arrangement is preferred for informality and sense of closeness e. Leader presents the subject or issue and calls on everyone to air his views

5. Brainstorming Session a. Closed discussion group b. No holds-barred style of problem-solving c. There are about five to 20 participants without a moderator d. Members are given time to contemplate on the subject matter then they are expected to say anything and everything that comes to mind 6. Buzz Session a. Closed discussion group

b. Problem-solving process that calls for a leader who is very familiar with the problem c. Leader divides the whole group into smaller clusters of four to six and each group is given 10 15 minutes to discuss the problem and come up with solutions d. The leader of each group presents a report of their solution 7. Meeting a. Closed discussion group b. Small informal meetings have limited number of participants c. Discussion is unstructured d. Bigger meetings are formal and discussion is structured with more serious topics 8. Committee a. Closed discussion group b. Headed by a chairperson composed of five to nine persons c. Committee members may be elected or appointed, or they may volunteer

Presented by: Kareen Padua Kristel Perez Bethlehem Losoloso Paolo Garrido Camillo Nuestro