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ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
AH^
Initial Evaluation of the CTA

International 40-mm Cased
Telescoped Weapon System
Timothy G. Farrand
ARL-TR-2275
AUGUST 2000
20000829 184
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
jpnc QUALITY wmKxm 4
The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position
unless so designated by other authorized documents.
Citation of manufacturer's or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of
the use thereof.
Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. Do not return it to the originator.
Abstract
The capability of off-the-shelf medium caliber ammunition has been

advertised extensively. As the decision about the main armament for
imminent medium caliber platforms approaches, more definitive
independent analyses of the advertised systems are being conducted.
To increase the current database, an evaluation of the 40-mm cased
telescoped weapon system (CTWS) was coordinated between the
U.S. Government and CTA International (CTAI), a French-United
Kingdom company. The emphasis of this evaluation was the
performance of the armor-piercing, fin-stabilized, discarding sabot
(APFSDS) projectile. In addition, the pressures inside the Bradley
fighting vehicle, where the CTWS was mounted, and shock
measurements on the exterior of the vehicle were taken to estimate the
effect of the weapon system on the vehicle and the crew. The
evaluation of the terminal effects of the APFSDS against selected
Senior National Representatives (SNR)-defined range targets is
documented in a separate, classified version of the evaluation.
The APFSDS ammunition performed as advertised, with a muzzle
velocity of approximately 1640 m/s and a velocity decay of 0.12
m/s/m. These values give the 40-mm CTAI APFSDS a high velocity
at the target for typical engagement distances. The measured shock to
the vehicle and overpressures within the vehicle during firing all
appear to be at acceptable levels for these initial tests.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to thank the Project Manager-Tank and Medium Caliber
Armament Systems (PM-TMAS) for funding this program and coordinating the
efforts with CTA International (CTAI). He would also like to thank the
representatives from CTAI, primarily Mr. Mike Duckworth, Mr. Richard Braddock,
and Mr. David Leslie. The CTAI crew that supported the effort also performed a
magnificent job of preparing the gun for operation, mounting it in the Bradley fighting
vehicle, and training the Aberdeen Test Center (ATC) staff for the demonstration;
the crew's efforts are very commendable. Finally, the author would like to extend his
sincere acknowledgments to the crew at ATC. They performed an excellent job of
completing the CTAI evaluation and demonstrating the ammunition. Ms. Hazel
Cassady and Mr. Joe Zelik, the test directors at ATC, did an outstanding job of
organizing the effort and having the program performed without any problems.
111
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
List of Figures
vii
List of Tables
ix
1.
Introduction
1.1
1.2
Overview
Background
1
2
2.
Purpose
3.
Procedures
4.
Facility Setup
5.
Results and Discussion
6.
Summary
18
References
19
Appendices
A. Individual Velocity Data
B. Individual Overpressure Plots
C. Individual Shock Response Time Plots
21
47
97
Distribution List
109
Report Documentation Page
113
VI
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12
13.
14.
15.
16.
Page
40-mm CTWS Weapon

"Push-Through Principle of 40-mm CTWS Weapon
40-mm CTWS Integrated in BFV Turret
105-round Linkless Feeder for BFV
40-mm CTWS APFSDS Cartridge in Section
40-mm CTWS APFSDS Penetrator
Mounting the CTWS in the BFV
40-mm CTAI Gun Mounted on the BFV
40-mm CTAI Gun System Firing From the BFV
Photograph of GP Projectile Exiting the Muzzle
Photograph of APFSDS Projectile Exiting the Muzzle
Velocity as a Function of Range for the GP Projectiles
Velocity as a Function of Range for the APFSDS (short range)
Velocity as a Function of Range for the APFSDS (extended
range)
Sample Plot of Measured Overpressures at the Turret Right
Location
Sample Plot of the Measured Accelerations on the Gun
Shield
vn
2
3
3
4
5
5
7
8
9
10
11
13
13
14
16
17
vin
LIST OF TABLES
Table
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Page
The Physical Parameters of the CTAI APFSDS Projectile ...
Schedule Results
Meteorological Conditions
Sample Velocity Measurements
Measured Pressures and Maximum Allowable Exposures
per Day
Maximum Peak Pressures and Maximum Allowable
Exposures per Day
IX
6
9
10
12
15
16
INITIAL EVALUATION OF THE CTA INTERNATIONAL

40-MM CASED TELESCOPED WEAPON SYSTEM
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview
The capability of off-the-shelf medium caliber ammunition has been advertised
extensively. As the decision about the main armament for imminent medium
caliber platforms approaches, more definitive independent analyses of the
advertised systems are being conducted, based on available data. To increase the
database, the evaluation of the 40-mm cased telescoped weapon system (CTWS)
was coordinated between the U.S. Government and CTA International (CTAI), a
French-United Kingdom (UK) company. The emphasis of this evaluation was the
armor-piercing, fin-stabilized, discarding sabot (APFSDS) projectile. This
evaluation is similar to one conducted for the 35-mm Rheinmetall APFSDS
(October 1998) in a similar cooperative program. The evaluation culminated in a
one-day demonstration to present to the users, namely, the U.S. Army Infantry
Center, U.S. Army Armor Center, U.S. Marines, and other Government
organizations, that is, the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Tank-Automotive
Command (TACOM), Armament Research, Development, and Engineering
Center (ARDEC), Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity, Army Evaluation
Center, various project managers, etc., the capability of the 40-mm CTAI
ammunition against current threats.
The Program Manager for the Tank and Medium Caliber Armament Systems
(PM-TMAS) sponsored the evaluation. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory
(ARL) and the Aberdeen Test Center (ATC) at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG),
Maryland, performed the evaluation in October through November 1999, with
the actual demonstration on 3 November.
The program was divided into two evaluations; the first evaluation characterized
the APFSDS ammunition performance against Senior National Representatives
(SNR)-defined range targets, and the second evaluation investigated the
integration of the CTWS in the Bradley fighting vehicle (BFV). Because of the
release restrictions and classification of the data from the two evaluations, the
documentation will also be separated into two reports. This unclassified report
addresses the details of the system characteristics. A separate, classified report
will address the terminal ballistic characterization of the APFSDS.
1.2 Background
Mr. Mike Duckworth, a representative from CTAI, supplied the following
background information about the CTA system and the CTAI Company.
Program History
The CTWS development program, which began in 1997, was preceded by
a technology phase, which lasted 3 years. This initial program phase was
conducted in conjunction with the UK Defence Evaluation and Research
Agency (DERA) and the French agency SPART (Service des Programmes
d'Armement Terrestre). This technology work was conducted in 45-mm
caliber initially (following the U.S., UK, and French agreed-upon 45-mm
CTA standard North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO] agreement
[STANAG]); it changed in 1997 to 40 mm. At the end of this phase, DERA
reported CTA technology as low risk. CTAI is now in the fourth year of
its full development program, which is due to be completed in early 2002.
Scope of Program
From the beginning, the product that is being developed is a complete
weapon system. The design activities conducted at CTAI's facilities cover
the weapon, ammunition-handling system, and ammunition, including
APFSDS, general purpose (GP) rounds, and target practice-tracer rounds.
The scope and tasks defined within the CTWS development program are
closely aligned with the UK Tactical Reconnaissance Armored Combat
Equipment Requirement (TRACER) and with the U.S. Future Scout and
Cavalry System (FSCS) program definition.
System Description
Weapon
The weapon weighs 218 kg, and its compact size (by virtue of the unique
rotating chamber functionality) gives it a swept volume of only 74 liters
for an arc of -10 degrees to +35 degrees. A photograph of the gun is
shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. 40-mm CTWS Weapon.
The simple cylindrical shape of the CTA cartridge simplifies the cannon
by virtue of the "push-through principle" of operation; its compactness
and modularity foster elegant integration solutions. The principle of the
weapon function is shown by the graphic in Figure 2.
CTWS Rotating Chamber "Push Through" Concept
I III
I. Rotating Chamher
0|icn Round "A"
! El
-,
m 5it
2. Round "A" Loads
4. Gun Frrcs, Brccdi

t^ and Barrel Recoil
and Counter Recoil
1
'
5. Fccderlndcics
Round "B"
into Position,
Chum her Opens
*~
i,
3. Rotating Chamber
Closes
.
m
i-^111
6. Round "B" is
Loaded, Pushing
Spent Case "A"
of the Gun
Design Enhances Reliability'

tmdfMaintamabilhty
Figure 2. "Push-Through" Principle of 40-mm CTWS Weapon.

As demonstrated in this evaluation, the CTWS gun is compact enough to
be installed in an existing BFV (see Figure 3).
Figure 3. 40-mm CTWS Integrated in BFV Turret.
Additionally, computer-aided design (CAD) analysis has been employed

to demonstrate how the entire CTWS, feed system, and ammunition
storage can be integrated into the current BFV. A complete 105-round
mission load, linkless feed system has been produced and demonstrated
by CTAI during mock-up conditions. This feed system fits in the same
area within the BFV that is occupied by the current 25-mm Bushmaster
weapon system. This is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. 105-round Linkless Feeder for BFV.
Projectile Characteristics
The APFSDS round currently being developed follows the conventional
cased telescopic ammunition (CTA) concept in which the projectile is
positioned inside the cylindrical cartridge case and inside the propellant.
This is shown in Figure 5. The resulting 40-mm CTA round is half the
length of a conventional 40-mm cartridge manufactured by Bofors
Precision Machining, Inc. The projectile follows the classic concept in
many ways, as it consists of a tungsten alloy penetrator, an aluminum
sabot, and a slipping obturator. The penetrator is maintained in a stable
flight by a steel fin fixed to the rear. A tracer has been added inside the fin
unit. The penetrator core is a classic tungsten alloy monoblock cylinder,
as seen in Figure 6.
Front
Rear
Figure 5. 40-mm CTWS APFSDS Cartridge in Section.
Figure 6. 40-mm CTWS APFSDS Penetrator.

The penetrator is threaded along a significant length of the penetrator to
provide the driving interface with the aluminum sabot, and a smaller
finer thread is added at the rear to attach a stabilizing fin unit. The
APFSDS propellant is a standard single base loose grain propellant
charge (BTU7). The propellant is NATO qualified and already in service
in a number of European medium caliber weapon systems. The sabot is a
"pull" sabot rather than the more conventional "push" saddle-type sabot
as used in conventional APFSDS ammunition. Apart from this difference,
the technology can be considered standard engineering. The sabot design
has been optimized to provide the maximum amount of stability to the
projectile inside the gun barrel, while keeping its mass to a minimum.
The fin unit is a classic four-bladed steel fin. A small conventional tracer
canister is screwed into the rear of the fin unit. Obturation is obtained by
a Nylon slipping-driving band assembled over the sabot.
Table 1 lists the physical parameters of the CTAI APFSDS. Also shown
are the advertised muzzle velocity and velocity decay.
Table 1
The Physical Parameters of the CTAIAPFSDS Projectile
Projectile
Penetrator
Mass
(g)
440
Mass
(S)
250
Length
(mm)
219
Effective
length (mm)
165
Caliber
(mm)
40
Diameter
(mm)
10.3
Muzzle velocity
(m/s)
1600
Density
17.5
Velocity decay
(m/s/km)
120
(gW)
2. Purpose
As mentioned in Section 1.2, the CTA 40-mm gun system is a prime candidate for
future medium caliber platforms (U.S. FSCS-UK TRACER) and possibly any
revisions of existing systems, e.g., BFV. Therefore, the validation of the
performance of the gun system is of major concern to many system developers.
As part of the demonstration, the CTAI gun was mounted into an "old" BFV,
from which the current 25-mm Bushmaster gun and feed system had been
removed. (The 35-mm Bushmaster III had previously been mounted in the turret
of this BFV for a similar demonstration in October 1998.) The primary
ammunition being evaluated here is the APFSDS. To complete the evaluation of
lethality at the target, an accurate impact velocity, which is determined by the
muzzle velocity and velocity decay, is required. In addition, the pressures inside
the vehicle and shock measurements on the vehicle were taken to estimate the
effect of firing the CTWS from the BFV on the vehicle and on the crew. These
experiments will give initial estimates of how the CTAI gun operates in the BFV
and essential information about the APFSDS external characteristics.
3. Procedures
The gun and the BFV were located at the ATC facility Barricade 2. The gun was
mounted onto the BFV. As mentioned earlier, CTAI was provided CAD
drawings of the BFV's interior before the BFV arrived in the United States. CTAI
developed their gun and feed system to fit in the BFV turret. It was installed in
the turret, as can be seen in Figure 7.
Figure 7. Mounting the CTWS in the BFV.

After the gun was mounted in the BFV turret, numerous practice shots with inert
GP rounds (projectiles without high explosives) were fired. The functioning of
the gun in the turret was evaluated during this phase. This was done in both
single shot mode and in a three-round burst mode. Once it was evident that the
gun was functioning properly, the APFSDS rounds were evaluated. These were
fired to determine the actual muzzle velocity and velocity at range. The gun was
elevated slightly so the velocity could be measured at a considerable range (i.e.,
farther than 4000 meters). While this was being done, the shock to the vehicle's
exterior and the pressure inside the vehicle were measured.
A final series of shots was conducted to examine the yaw cycle at short distances,
less than 100 meters. For this last portion, the gun was moved to the ATC facility
Barricade 1, because of the better terrain environment.
4. Facility Setup
For all shots, the velocity was measured with a Weibel tracking system, which
follows the projectile and determines velocity and deceleration as a function of
time. This is converted to velocity at range. Also, high speed photography,
located at various positions behind, to the side, and in front of the gun was used
to observe the projectile exiting the gun barrel. Blast overpressures were
measured inside the vehicle at several locations: in the crew compartment, in the
turret, and in the driver area. Shock measurements were made at several
locations on the exterior of the vehicle: the gun shield, turret roof, hull rear and
hull front. ATC personnel reduced the data for the projectile velocity
measurements, the blast overpressures, and the shock measurements (Walton,
2000).
5. Results and Discussion

The incorporation of the 40-mm CTAI gun system into the BFV vehicle was
successful. With the assistance of the ATC personnel, the gun was easily installed
in the turret, as previously seen in Figure 4. A photograph of the gun mounted in
the BFV turret is shown in Figure 8. Figure 9 shows the 40-mm CTAI gun being
fired from the BFV mount.
Figure 8. 40-mm CTAI Gun Mounted on the BFV.
Figure 9. 40-mm CTAI Gun System Firing From the BFV.

The sequence of the rounds fired is shown in Table 2 which lists the shot number,
the date, the type of round fired (GP - inert or APFSDS), and the shot mode
(single shot or burst). Table 3 lists the meteorological conditions for the two days
of the investigation.
Table 2
Schedule Results
Round
Number
Date/Time
Round Type
Firing Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
26 Oct / 16:40
26 Oct / 17:18
26 Oct / 17:57
27 Oct / 10:24
27 Oct/11:08
27 Oct/ 11:43
27 Oct / 12:18
27 Oct / 14:32
GP - Inert
GP - Inert
GP - Inert
GP - Inert
APFSDS
APFSDS
APFSDS
APFSDS
27 Oct/14:41
APFSDS
10
27 Oct / -15:00
APFSDS
11
12
27 0ct/15:43
27 Oct / 16:04
GP - Inert
GP - Inert
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot
Single shot,
elevated
Single shot,
elevated
Single shot,
elevated
third burst
third burst
The high speed photography was used to capture the projectiles exiting the
muzzle of the gun system. Figure 10 shows the GP round as it exits the muzzle
and Figure 11 shows the APFSDS round. The sabot separation can be seen for
the APFSDS round.
Table 3
Meteorological Conditions
Time
WineI
Direction
Average: SDa
Wind
Speed
Average Peak Temp
(m/s)
(m/s) CO
Dew
Point
(Q
Relative
humidity Pressure Density
(percent)
(Mbs) (Kg/m3)
26 October 1999
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
256
229
240
236
222
228
231
246
240
24
25
23
23
23
24
23
20
21
2.1
2.3
3.0
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.6
3.0
2.6
4.0
5.7
7.0
6.9
5.5
6.2
4.7
5.9
5.2
8.7
10.4
11.0
11.8
13.1
14.4
16.0
16.4
17.0
4.9
5.1
5.2
5.2
6.0
6.8
7.0
6.2
5.9
77
70
67
64
62
60
55
51
48
1019.5
1019.5
1019.9
1019.6
1019.0
1017.9
1016.7
1015.9
1015.2
1.2563
1.2487
1.2461
1.2422
1.2356
1.2285
1.2202
1.2177
1.2149
61
57
48
45
45
42
41
44
44
1019.4
1020.2
1021.1
1021.6
1021.8
1021.7
1021.5
1021.4
1021.6
1.2543
1.2499
1.2414
1.2386
1.2334
1.2304
1.2289
1.2299
1.2292
27 October 1999
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
339
340
348
351
1
4
10
358
7
10
14
15
14
19
20
21
27
21
1.9
1.7
2.8
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.2
6.0
6.7
6.7
7.1
7.3
6.4
7.0
9.2
10.4
12.7
13.4
14.6
15.3
15.6
15.3
15.5
2.1
2.3
2.0
1.7
2.8
2.5
2.4
3.1
3.3
SD = standard deviation
Figure 10. Photograph of GP Projectile Exiting the Muzzle.
10
Figure 11. Photograph of APFSDS Projectile Exiting the Muzzle.

A sample of the velocity table is shown in Table 4. The velocity data tables for all
the shots are listed in Appendix A. This sample table is for the APFSDS at
extended range (-5000 meters).
The muzzle velocity achieved for this shot is 1639 m/s, which is more than
advertised by CTAI (1600 m/s). Also shown in the table is the retardation or
velocity decay (m/s/m). This retardation starts at 0.127 m/s/m and then drops
to below 0.120 m/s/m at ranges greater than 500 meters. This initial high
retardation is an indication of the yaw cycle that APFSDS rods experience when
exiting the muzzle of the gun. As the penetrator begins its yaw cycle, it has a
high yaw and a corresponding high drag (high velocity decay). As the yaw cycle
dampens, reducing to nearly zero yaw, the penetrator will have much lower drag
(low velocity decay). As can be seen in Table 4, after approximately 500 meters,
the velocity decay is just below 0.120 m/s/m, which was the advertised value by
CTAI.
The velocity of the inert GP round, although not the primary concern in this
evaluation, was measured to be 1035 m/s. The velocity for these rounds was
determined as far as approximately 700 meters. At this distance, the velocity had
dropped to less than 700 m/s, for an average velocity decay of more than 0.400
m/s/m. For typical air-burst projectiles, the error in burst location greatly affects
the projectile's performance. For air-burst projectiles with timed fuzes, the range
error is reduced if the projectile is traveling at lower velocities. The large drag on
the GP round may increase its probability of bursting at the correct location or
may increase its probability of hit.
The data from the velocity measurements were plotted as a function of range for
the GP (inert) round in Figure 12. Three of these shots (No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3)
were measured from muzzle exit to 700 meters. The last shot (No. 4) was
measured only to 400 meters. The fact that these curves lie very close to each
other implies that the velocity and drag are very repeatable for these GP (inert)
rounds.
Figure 13 shows the velocity as a function of range for the three shots of the
APFSDS projectile at distances less than 1000 meters. These three plots show
11
Table 4
Sample Velocity Measurements
WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
W-1000i #5037
TIME
CHANNEL
ROUND
14:32:06.617
1-4
8
B2 CASSIDY 40-MM AP
VELOCITY VERSUS TIME and RESULTS BASED ON REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Velocity Results : Adjusted (based on sliding fits)
NO
TIME
VELOCITY DISTANCE
ACCL.
RETARD.
ms
m/s
m
m/s/s
m/s/m
Miuzz 0 .000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
12
1639 .096
0 .00 -209 .588
61 .248 1626 .387
100 .00 -205 .418
122 .972 1613 .837
200 .00 -201 .214
185 .176 1601 .453
300 .00 -196 .979
247 .859 1589 .304
400 .00 -192 .683
311 .020 1577 .211
500 .00 -189 .885
374 .665 1565 .279
600 .00 -186 .963
438 .796 1553 .357
700 .00 -184 .844
503 .420 1541 .471
800 .00 -182 .241
568 .543 1529 .679
900 .00 -180 .140
634 .168 1517 .942 1000 .00 -177 .947
700 .302 1506 .254 1100 .00 -176 .168
766 .951 1494 .582 1200 .00 -174 .677
834 .121 1482 .904 1300 .00 -173 .472
901 .824 1471 .196 1400 .00 -172 .540
970 .069 1459 .424 1500 .00 -170 .984
1038 .866 1447 .692 1600 .00 -168 .770
1108 .221 1436 .094 1700 .00 -166 .392
1178 .134 1424 .589 1800 .00 -164 .829
1248 .615 1413 .057 1900 .00 -163 .350
1319 .676 1401 .491 2000 .00 -162 .146
1391 .325 1389 .889 2100 .00 -161 .352
1463..575 1378 .310 2200 .00 -159 .924
1536,.435 1366 .685 2300,.00 -159 .153
1609,.919 1355,.017 2400 .00 -158,.387
1684,.040 1343,.315 2500,.00 -157,.179
1758,.810 1331,.590 2600,.00 -156,.388
1834..241 1319,.844 2700,.00 -155,.610
1910.,349 1308,.030 2800..00 -154,.988
1987.,150 1296..123 2900,,00 -154,.290
2064.,660 1284.,203 3000,,00 -152..954
2142.,893 1272.,291 3100.,00 -151,.473
2221.,861 1260.,404 3200.,00 -150..078
2301.,578 1248.,491 3300.,00 -148..724
2382. 058 1236.,575 3400.,00 -147.,286
2463. 318 1224. 665 3500. 00 -145.,891
2545. 373 1212. 762 3600. 00 -144.,316
2628. 237 1200. 860 3700. 00 -142.,965
2711. 925 1188. 973 3800. 00 -141. 537
2796. 456 1177. 061 3900. 00 -139. 973
2881. 845 1165. 189 4000. 00 -138. 506
2968. 109 1153. 317 4100. 00 -137. 008
3055. 264 1141. 381 4200. 00 -135. 838
3143. 338 1129. 486 4300. 00 -134. 094
3232. 340 1117. 649 4400. 00 -132. 459
3322. 288 1105. 875 4500. 00 -130. 748
3413. 203 1093. 962 4600. 00 -129. 780
3505. 112 1082. 132 4700. 00 -128. 416
3598. 034 1070. 268 4800. 00 -126. 631
3691. 989 1058. 456 4900. 00 -124. 910
0 .1279
0 .1263
0 .1247
0 .1230
0 .1212
0 .1204
0 .1194
0 .1190
0 .1182
0 .1178
0 .1172
0 .1170
0 .1169
0 .1170
0 .1173
0 .1172
0 .1166
0 .1159
0 .1157
0 .1156
0 .1157
0 .1161
0 .1160
0,.1165
0,.1169
0..1170
0,.1174
0..1179
0..1185
0..1190
0..1191
0..1191
0..1191
0.,1191
0.,1191
0.,1191
0.,1190
0.,1191
0. 1190
0. 1189
0. 1189
0. 1188
0. 1190
0. 1187
0. 1185
0. 1182
0. 1186
0. 1187
0. 1183
0. 1180
1100
400
600
800
Range (m)
Figure 12. Velocity as a Function of Range for the GP Projectiles.
IOOU
16401620-
^^^^^^
1600
^>-
0\^
1580
1560
1540
CD
1520
>
Shot #5
Shot #6
Shot #7
1500
1480
1460
1440
200
400
600
800
1000
Range (m)
Figure 13. Velocity as a Function of Range for the APFSDS (short range).
13
approximately the same muzzle velocity (1630 to 1640 m/s) and velocity for
about 300 meters. At 300 meters, Shot No. 6 begins to decelerate much faster than
the other rounds. Shot No. 6 probably hit a yaw card pole, possibly causing it to
lose some of its fins or inducing high yaw. This would definitely make it deviate
from its flight line and decelerate much quicker. The velocity as a function of
range for extended distances (-6000 meters) is shown in Figure 14, a plot of Shot
No. 8 and 9. These extended distances were achieved by elevating the barrel
slightly. As can be seen, the velocities of the two rounds track almost identically.
The muzzle velocity is about 1640 m/s, and the average deceleration over 5000
meters is 0.12 m/s/m. This is a high muzzle velocity and very respectable
velocity decay, which will give high velocity upon impact for typical target
engagements, e.g., 1515 m/s at 1000 meters and 1400 m/s at 2000 meters. These
high impact velocities at range should enhance terminal effects.
1800
Shot #8
Shot #9
1600
\
\
Xv
1400 -
>,
CD
1200 -
>
v
X<
1000 -
800
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Range (m)
Figure 14. Velocity as a Function of Range for the APFSDS (extended range).
In addition to the velocity at range evaluation, some preliminary shots with the
APFSDS projectiles were made with a downloaded propellant charge, to achieve
a velocity of 1450 m/s. The yaw cycle and yaw node were determined for these
downloaded projectiles. Numerous yaw cards, located from 60 to 100 meters,
were used for the yaw cycle determination. For these velocities, the yaw was
very repeatable, with a yaw node occurring at approximately 70 meters.
14
Blast overpressures were measured at four locations: the driver, the turret right,
the turret left, and the rear crew compartment. These data were assessed by ATC
in accordance with MIL-STD-1474C, Noise Limits for Military Materiel, and were
compared to the A- and B-durations and maximum exposures per day for single
hearing protection. Table 5 shows the peak pressures recorded and the
maximum exposures per day for all the experiments at these locations. A sample
plot of the time-pressure data is shown in Figure 15. All the plots of the
overpressure for each location and each shot are listed in Appendix B.
Table 5
Measured Pressures and Maximum Allowable Exposures per Day
Rd
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Chi. Driver
Ch 2. Turret Left
Ch 3. Turret Right Ch. 4 Rear Crew Area
Peak
Max.
Peak
Max.
Peak
Max.
Peak
Max.
Pressure Exposure Pressure Exposure Pressure Exposure Pressure Exposure
(kPa)
Per day
(kPa)
Per day
(kPa) Per day
(kPa) Per day
0.9
1.0
0.8
1.0
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.4
1.6
1.5
0.9
1.1
105631
64832
79216
74701
7812
7710
7236
10984
10175
11777
74880
35054
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
2.9
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.0
3.0
3.2
2.8
2186
2092
1592
1195
1363
837
1648
830
1122
874
2075
3376
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.4
2.3
2.2
2930
2802
3714
3388
786
676
632
1339
1254
1309
3591
3709
1.3
1.4
1.2
0.8
0.8
1.1
0.9
1.0
0.9
1.0
0.9
0.7
13647*
11748*
17559*
108578*
80724*
23796*
53535*
39039*
59874*
42837*
60452*
151655*
*Invalid data - a worst case of 200 ms B-duration used in maximum exposures per day calculation
The overpressures are summarized in Table 6, which shows the maximum
pressure and corresponding smallest allowable exposures per day (as defined
previously), recorded at each location for each firing scenario. The GP rounds
had the lowest peak pressures for all locations. Going from a single shot to a
burst with the GP rounds increases the peak pressure in most locations. The
greatest peak overpressures were recorded for the single shot scenario with the
APFSDS (not elevated) at the right turret location (directly behind the gun). The
corresponding maximum allowable exposures per day would be 632, at this peak
pressure. It is noted by ATC (Walton, 2000) that simply increasing the hearing
protection level from the single ear protection to the double ear protection level
causes the allowable exposures per day to increase by a factor of 20.
15
BPADirr" 4G-MU GUN FIRE TEST

ROL'NO 6
2' OCTOBER 1999
CHA.W.EL 3
OVERPRESSURE. TIJRPET RIGHT
MCtf*Cm
IM KW/v
ICTJl*C
l'JO
150
TIME. MSEC
Figure 15. Sample Plot of Measured Overpressures at the Turret Right Location.
Table 6
Maximum Peak Pressures and Maximum Allowable Exposures per Day
Chi. Driver
Peak
Max,
Pressure Exposure
Scenario (kPa)
per day
Ch 2. Turret Left
Peak
Max.
Pressure Exposure
(kPa)
per day
Ch 3. Turret Right Ch. 4 Rear Crew Area

Peak
Max.
Peak
Max.
Pressure Exposure Pressure Exposure
(kPa) per day
(kPa) per day
SSGP
1.0
64832
3.0
1195
2.2
2802
1.4
11748*
ss
1.7
7236
3.3
837
3.5
632
1.1
23796*
SS
1.6
APFSDS Elevated
10175
3.1
830
3.5
1254
1.0
39039*
Burst GP
35054
3.2
2075
2.3
3591
0.9
60452*
APFSDS
1.1
*Invalid data - a worst case of 200 ms B-duration used in maximum exposures per day calculation
Accelerations were measured at four locations: the gun shield, the turret roof,
the hull rear, and the hull front. Two transducers were used on the gun shield
(one transverse and one vertical), three on the turret roof (one transverse, one
vertical, and one longitudinal), three on the hull rear (one transverse, one
vertical, and one longitudinal), and one vertical on the hull front. The sampling
16
rate was decreased from 200 Khz to 50 Khz after the first two shots. A sample
shock response time plot, i.e., static acceleration as a function of natural
frequency, for all shots recorded at the gun shield location is shown in Figure 16.
All the plots for all the locations are shown in Appendix C. On all the plots, the
upper and lower limits from the 1993 pliant structure ballistic shock
specifications are shown. These limits were established in previous testing to
show the effect of shock on a vehicle and its components (instrumentation,
gauges, computers, etc.) (Walton 1994). The limits show the design criteria for the
shock. The upper band is the maximum allowable and the lower band has a
safety factor incorporated. The plots in Appendix C show that the gun shield
location and the turret top were the worst case conditions for the maximum
shock. Only one orientation for each of these locations was above the lower limit,
and this was only slightly above the bottom band. The other locations were well
below the bottom band, and therefore, all are well within design specifications.
Based on these initial firings of the gun, no adverse effects on the BFV were
determined.
FiRAU.rr 40-WM ';UN riRr n:::.r

CIlANNn .0
GUM SI-liaD. TRANiiVlfRSr
---
--
Romil! i
.'? OCKttH ly'i"
Konrci :i
:t
y'
.'"/
.'"/
;'V
??
h'uiintj r,
l*)nntJ '
twiiini. a
pmino i
fllMIHCl n>
pr-iittu 11
ocrctcr
txi'.w
OCUVfl P
cv;ic*icr*
(iri.'CTP
CH-.Ti-flCT*
iioi
HU*
r^n
low
l-.i-.ni
1'j'r,
ixMfMirn WJ
:V "XTnotP iw
'J?
hX'HD I.'
_,--*""
-""
.'
^.--'
*:/
/ 1
f
vd:
~I
s*
.'
:r?
; y\
<v
"
,"v
I'.M
luOO
NATURAI
FREUEIKY. l-IZ
Figure 16. Sample Plot of the Measured Accelerations on the Gun Shield.
17
6. Summary
The evaluation of the 40-mm CTAI gun system was a great success. It allowed
CTAI the opportunity to present their gun system on the BFV. The U.S.
Government had the opportunity to evaluate the performance of the new gun
system. This system was shown to fit into the BFV nicely.
The APFSDS ammunition performed as advertised, with a muzzle velocity of
approximately 1640 m/s and a velocity decay of 0.12 m/s/m. These values will
give the 40-mm CTAI APFSDS a high velocity at the target for typical
engagement ranges. The measured shock to the vehicle and overpressures within
the vehicle during firing all appear to be at acceptable levels for these initial
experiments.
The program was a good cooperative endeavor and should be continued. It has
increased the database for the U.S. Government and allows the contractors to
demonstrate their ammunition in an unbiased format.
18
References
Walton, Scott, "Memorandum on the Bradley 40-mm Gun Firing Test," No. 00BAB-01, Aberdeen Test Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, January 10,
2000.
Walton, W.S., and Bucci, ]., "The Rationale for Shock Specifications and Shock
Testing of Armored Ground Combat Vehicles," The Proceedings of the 65th
Shock and Vibration Symposium, Vol 1, pp 285-293. San Diego CA, October
31-November 3,1994.
19
20
APPENDIX A
INDIVIDUAL VELOCITY DATA
21
22
Table A-l. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 1

WEIBEL
DATE
991026
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
16:40:14.068
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
1
B2 CASSIDY 40 MM
VELOCITY VERSUS TIME and RESULTS BASED ON REGRESSION ANALYSIS.
Velocity Results : Adjusted
(Based on sliding fits)
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
0.000
24.998
28.429
31.866
35.296
38.726
42.157
45.587
49.018
52.448
55.885
59.315
62.746
66.176
69.606
73.037
76.474
79.904
83.334
86.765
90.195
93.626
97.056
100.493
103.923
107.354
110.784
114.214
117.645
121.082
124.512
127.942
131.373
134.803
138.234
141.664
145.101
148.531
151.962
DISTANCE
m
1018.393
0.00
1001.725
25.24
28.67
998.893
995.100
32.10
35.52
993.470
991.873
38.92
988.747
42.32
45.71
987.308
984.127
49.09
982.225
52.46
980.832
55.83
977.396
59.19
974.929
62.54
972.585
65.88
970.780
69.21
968.125
72.53
965.059
75.85
961.301
79.16
959.683
82.46
958.116
85.75
955.352
89.03
953.402
92.30
95.57
950.629
948.557
98.83
946.298
102.08
943.869
105.32
941.686
108.56
939.460
111.78
936.959
115.00
934.704
118.22
932.572
121.42
124.62
930.181
928.003
127.81
925.752
130.99
923.603
134.16
921.650
137.32
920.665 ' 140.49
916.894
143.64
914.715
146.78
ACCL.
m/s/s
RETARD.
m/s/m
S/N
dB
USED
0.6772
689. 674
-693.057
0.6923
19.9
-693.522
0.6944
22.4
-693.987
0.6965
19.3
-694.451
0.6987
21.9
32.6
-694.915
0.7008
-695.380
0.7030
39.3
-695.844
0.7051
40.2
44.4
-696.308
0.7073
-696.773
0.7095
36.7
0.7117
-697.238
23.2
-697.702
0.7140
31.3
-698.167
0.7162
31.9
-696.178
0.7159
26.3
-694.428
0.7159
20.3
-695.462
0.7187
17.1
-697.180
0.7223
16.1
17.0
-696.680
0.7236
24.7
-694.396
0.7231
-694.365
0.7249
29.6
34.4
-693.343
0.7256
0.7247
36.8
-690.688
-684.849
45.2
0.7203
44.2
-678.445
0.7154
47.2
-672.548
0.7109
-669.154
47.9
0.7090
45.4
-665.563
0.7069
-657.909
0.7004
46.3
47.1
-654.541
0.6984
43.0
-655.320
0.7010
0.7026
40.1
-655.248
-653.127
0.7020
44.0
-650.604
38.4
0.7010
-648.485
0.7004
38.5
-645.705
0.6990
34.2
-643.211
0.6980
27.3
17.1
-640.464
0.6967
0.6957
34.4
-638.038
-635.414
0.6945
37.0
23
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
24
155.392
912.-481
149. 91 -632.547
158.822
910.:388
153. 04 -629.854
162.253
908.:239
156. 16 -627.531
165.683
906.1381
159. 27 -625.061
169.120
904.1D09
162. 38 -623.188
172.550
901.i356
165. 48 -620.871
168. 57 -618.550
175.981
899/728
171. 65 -616.021
179.411
897.f326
182.842
895.f322
174. 73 -612.914
186.272
893.!537
177. 80 -608.018
189.709
891.439
180. 87 -602.102
193.139
889.:379 . 183. 92 -599.402
186. 97 -596.892
196.570
887.:332
200.000
885.285
190. 01 -594.290
203.430
883.217
193. 04 -591.657
881.217
196.07 -589.087
206.861
210.291
879.191
199.09 -586.512
877.157
202.10 -583.950
213.728
217.158
875.166
205.11 -581.411
873.170
208.11 -578.952
220.589
224.019
871.208
211.10 -576.482
227.450
869.241
214.09 -573.785
230.880
867.305
217.06 -571.246
220.04 -568.752
234.317
865.330
237.747
863.372
223.01 -566.177
225.97 -563.568
241.178
861.423
228.92 -561.145
244.608
859.529
231.86 -558.677
248.038
857.623
234.80 -556.136
251.469
855.690
853.745
237.73 -553.828
254.899
851.885
240.66 -551.464
258.336
261.766
849.983
243.58 -549.109
265.197
848.106
246.50 -546.774
268.627
846.263
249.40 -544.479
272.058
844.390
252.30 -542.245
275.488
842.470
255.19 -539.798
258.08 -537.265
278.919
840.670
260.97 -534.900
282.355
838.886
263.84 -532.396
836.962
285.786
266.71 -530.506
289.216
835.208
269.57 -529.993
292.647
833.378
296.077
272.43 -530.169
831.548
299.507
275.28 -528.737
829.739
302.944
278.13 -527.197
827.989
280.96 -525.806
306.374
826.193
283.80 -524.150
309.805
824.392
286.62 -522.044
313.235
822.575
289.44 -519.880
316.666
820.893
320.096
292.25 -517.816
819.169
817.432
295.06 -515.525
323.526
815.686
297.86 -512.908
326.963
300.66 -510.999
330.394
814.018
303.45 -508.594
333.824
811.512
306.23 -506.081
337.254
809.164
808.397
309.00 -503.451
340.685
311.77 -500.613
344.115
806.458
314.54 -497.631
347.552
804.603
803.227
317.30 -494.550
350.982
0.6931
39 .1
0.6917
42 .6
42 .3
0.6908
44 .4
0.6898
41 .5
0.6893
0.6884
43 .1
0.6875
45 .6
0.6863
43..5
0.6844
44..1
0.6805
43,.0
0.6754
47..2
0.6740
43..5
0.6727
44,.3
0.6713
45..1
48..6
0.6699
47 .9
0 .6685
47 .1
0 .6671
0 .6657
48 .4
47 .2
0 .6643
47 .7
0 .6630
46 .2
0 .6617
0 .6601
46 .5
48 .8
0..6587
46 .7
0..6573
0 .6558
49 .3
50 .1
0..6542
47 .3
0..6529
0 .6515
45 .6
48 .2
0 .6499
45 .3
0 .6487
46 .3
0..6474
46 .3
0 .6460
0..6447
45 .6
0,.6434
48 .3
47 .4
0..6422
46 .5
0..6407
43 .9
0..6391
45 .2
0..6377
45 .2
0..6361
l
48 .4
0..6352
43 .4
0..6359
42 .5
0,.6375
47 .8
0,.6372
44 .8
0,.6367
1
45 .3
0,.6364
1
45 .4
0,.6358
45 .5
0,.6347
43 .4
0,.6334
42 .4
0,.6323
5
41 .2
0..6309
1
43 .0
0..6290
38 .5
0..6281
29..1
0..6265
32 .2
0..6247
37 .5
0,.6228
42..0
0..6206
41..3
0..6182
1
39..8
0..6157
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
354.413
357.843
361.274
364.704
368.134
371.571
375.002
378.432
381.862
385.293
388.723
392.160
395.590
399.021
402.451
405.882
409.312
412.742
416.179
419.610
423.040
426.470
429.901
433.331
436.762
440.198
443.629
447.059
450.490
453.920
457.350
460.787
464.218
467.648
471.078
474.509
477.939
481.370
484.807
488.237
491.667
495.098
498.528
501.959
505.395
508.826
512.256
515.686
519.117
522.547
525.978
529.415
532.845
536.275
539.706
543.136
546.566
549.997
801 630
800 203
798 339
796 636
795 077
793 249
791 875
789 998
788 440
786 835
785 225
783 667
782 104
780 392
778 970
777 364
775 848
774 235
772 714
771 126
769 720
767 979
766 493
765 009
763 512
762 047
760 480
758 968
757 416
756 048
754 577
753 146
751 657
750 385
748 744
747 294
745 845
744 436
743 077
741 616
740 197
738 766
737 271
736 040
734 490
733 288
731 861
730 426
729 169
727 729
726 393
724 863
723 661
722 323
720 .990
719 .631
718 .257
716 .981
320 05
322 80
325 54
328 28
331 01
333 74
336 45
339 17
341 87
344 58
347 27
349 97
352 66
355 34
358 01
360 68
363 34
366 00
368 66
371 31
373 95
376 59
379 22
381 85
384 47
387 09
389 70
392 31
394 91
397 51
400 10
402 69
405 27
407 84
410 42
412 98
415 54
418 10
420 65
423 20
425 74
428 28
430 81
433 34
435 87
438 38
440 90
443 40
445 91
448 41
450 90
453 39
455 88
458 36
460 .83
463 .31
465 .77
468 .23
-491 448
-488 702
-484 985
-481 131
-477 330
-473 451
-470 639
-469 628
-469 246
-467 683
-466 971
-465 426
-463 515
-461 109
-458 790
-456 894
-455 196
-453 183
-450 692
-448 931
-446 973
-444 945
-443 178
-441 418
-439 611
-438 055
-436 038
-434 105
-432 106
-430 287
-428 560
-426 610
-425 031
-422 705
-421 130
-419 381
-417 596
-415 796
-414 117
-412 841
-411 329
-410 063
-408 540
-406 972
-405 434
-403 598
-401 807
-400 422
-399 051
-397 560
-395 961
-394 366
-392 743
-391 .224
-389 .959
-388 .601
-387 .092
-385 .910
0.6131
0.6110
0.6076
0.6040
0.6005
0.5968
0.5944
0.5944
0.5951
0.5943
0.5947
0.5939
0.5927
0.5908
0.5890
0.5878
0.5868
0.5853
0.5833
0.5822
0.5808
0.5793
0.5782
0.5770
0.5758
0.5749
0.5734
0.5719
0.5704
0.5691
0.5679
0.5665
0.5655
0.5635
0.5624
0.5612
0.5599
0.5585
0.5573
0.5567
0.5557
0.5551
0.5540
0.5530
0.5519
0.5505
0.5490
0.5482
0.5473
0.5463
0.5451
0.5440
0.5427
0.5416
0.5409
0.5400
0.5389
0.5383
35.3
33.9
34.7
35.8
36.1
35.0
35.0
34.8
36.0
36.2
33.7
34.0
36.8
36.9
37.4
39.6
38.7
43.4
41.3
38.9
36.2
38.1
40.0
40.4
40.3
41.2
39.2
40.8
38.5
39.6
36.5
35.8
37.5
37.2
39.1
38.3
38.8
38.9
36.4
40.8
43.3
43.7
44.3
39.6
40.7
37.9
39.6
38.7
39.0
37.0
36.7
38.4
35.0
36.7
35.5
36.6
38.6
36.2
25
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
26
553 .434
556 .864
560 .294
563 .725
567 .155
570 .586
574 .022
577 .453
580 .883
584 .314
587 .744
591 .175
594..605
598..042
601..472
604,.902
608..333
611,.763
615,.194
618,.631
622,.061
625,.491
628,.922
632,.352
635,.783
639,.213
642..650
646,.080
649,.510
652..941
656..371
659..802
663..238
666..669
670..099
673.,530
676.,960
680..391
683..821
687..258
690.,688
694..119
697.,549
700..979
704..410
707.,840
711..277
714..707
718..138
721..568
724..999
728..429
731..866
735..296
738..727
742..157
745..587
749..018
715 .647
714 .290
712 .982
711 .736
710 .441
709 .078
707 .867
706 .619
705 .215
704 .037
702 .691
701 .446
700 .160
698 .949
697 .667
696 .346
695 .153
693,.909
692,.660
691..420
690..120
688..946
687..766
686,.502
685,.345
684,.154
682,.850
681..806
680,.540
679,.370
678,.183
676,.960
675,.839
674,.614
673,.580
672..348
671..216
670..027
668..921
667..736
666..543
665..464
664..394
663..235
662..058
661..056
659..880
658..682
657..714
656,.604
655..506
654..499
653..317
652..293
651..200
650..129
649..093
648..042
470 .70
473 .15
475 .60
478 .04
480 .48
482 .91
485 .35
487 .77
490 .20
492 .61
495 .03
497 .43
499 .84
502 .24
504 .64
507 .03
509 .42
511..80
514..18
516,.56
518,.92
521,.29
523,.65
526,.01
528,.36
530,.71
533,.06
535,.40
537,.74
540,.07
542,.40
544,.72
547,.05
549..36
551..68
553..98
556..29
558..59
560..89
563..18
565..47
567..76
570..04
572..31
574..59
576..86
579..13
581,.39
583,.65
585..90
588..15
590..40
592..64
594..88
597..12
599..35
601..58
603..81
-384 .296
-382 .883
-381 .378
-379 .932
-378 .498
-377 .134
-376 .148
-374 .833
-373 .506
-372 .183
-370 .971
-369 .750
-368 .399
-367..076
-366 .039
-364..632
-363,.230
-361,.956
-360,.595
-359,.091
-357,.597
-356,.335
-354,.711
-353..214
-351,.808
-350,.252
-348..711
-347..415
-346..252
-344..894
-343..269
-342..003
-340..836
-339..619
-338..427
-337..290
-335..983
-334.,600
-333..347
-331..815
-330.,426
-329..029
-327.,653
-326.,333
-324..994
-323..556
-321..900
-320.,504
-319..084
-317..708
-316..314
-314.,938
-313.,493
-312.,364
-310.,850
-309.,567
-308..450
-307..136
0 .5370
0 .5360
0 .5349
0 .5338
0 .5328
0 .5318
0 .5314
0 .5305
0 .5296
0 .5287
0 .5279
0 .5271
0,.5262
0,.5252
0..5247
0,.5236
0,.5225
0,.5216
0,.5206
0,.5194
0,.5181
0,.5172
0,.5158
0..5145
0..5134
0..5120
0..5106
0..5096
0..5088
0..5077
0..5062
0..5052
0..5043
0..5034
0..5025
0..5017
0..5006
0..4994
0..4984
0..4969
0..4957
0..4944
0..4932
0..4920
0..4909
0..4895
0..4878
0..4865
0..4852
0..4839
0..4825
0..4812
0..4798
0..4789
0..4773
0..4761
0..4752
0..4739
37 .4
36 .2
35 .2
36 .0
36 .8
36 .8
35 .5
31 .9
32 .0
33 .2
33 .9
32 .4
32..5
34,.1
34,.5
34,.8
34..2
33,.6
33,.8
33,.3
33..5
33,.7
32..6
31..1
32..7
33..4
36..0
34..4
33..7
36..9
36..0
35..8
34..4
36..4
34..9
35..9
34..0
33..1
35..6
35..4
35..6
33..9
33.,7
36.,1
36.,5
34..0
36..9
34..4
38..4
37..1
36.,6
38..2
37..5
34.,2
35..4
34.,8
36..8
36..5
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
752.448
755.885
759.315
762.746
766.176
769.606
773.037
776.474
779.904
783.335
786.765
790.195
793.626
797.056
800.493
803.923
807.354
810.784
814.215
817.645
821.075
824.512
827.943
831.373
834.803
838.234
841.664
845.101
848.531
851.962
855.392
858.822
862.253
865.683
869.120
872.551
875.981
879.411
882.842
886.272
889.709
893.139
896.570
900.000
647
646
644
643
642
641
640
639
638
637
636
635
634
633
632
631
630
629
628
627
626
625
624
623
622
621
620
619
618
617
617
616
615
614
612
612
611
610
609
608
607
606
605
604
055
002
834
806
825
730
850
712
710
750
650
682
663
555
616
584
731
590
582
571
616
584
675
603
768
658
456
664
672
893
058
103
451
126
827
695
085
270
166
338
200
261
277
142
606
608
610
612
614
617
619
621
623
625
628
630
632
634
636
638
641
643
645
647
649
651
654
656
658
660
662
664
666
668
671
673
675
677
679
681
683
685
687
689
692
694
696
698
03
25
46
67
88
08
28
48
68
87
05
23
41
59
76
93
10
26
42
57
72
87
02
16
30
43
56
69
82
94
06
17
28
39
50
60
70
80
89
98
06
15
22
30
-305
-305
-304
-303
-302
-300
-300
-299
-298
-297
-297
-296
-295
-294
-294
-293
-293
-292
-290
-289
-287
-286
-285
-283
-282
-282
-281
-281
-281
-280
-281
-281
-281
-281
-282
-282
-282
-282
-282
-283
-283
-283
-283
-284
968
136
290
275
108
982
203
367
577
858
040
343
181
556
163
748
098
112
855
252
727
826
331
895
993
190
803
114
041
997
297
506
715
923
132
341
550
759
968
176
385
594
803
Oil
0.4729
0.4724
0.4718
0.4710
0.4700
0.4690
0.4685
0.4680
0.4675
0.4671
0.4666
0.4662
0.4651
0.4649
0.4650
0.4651
0.4648
0.4640
0.4627
0.4609
0.4592
0.4585
0.4568
0.4552
0.4545
0.4539
0.4540
0.4536
0.4541
0.4548
0.4559
0.4570
0.4581
0.4591
0.4602
0.4612
0.4623
0.4634
0.4645
0.4656
0.4667
0.4677
0.4688
0.4699
38
36
35
35
36
35
34
35
35
31
32
30
33
31
30
31
29
30
30
29
27
26
28
28
25
27
25
25
20
20
19
18
15
17
19
15
14
15
16
12
12
1
-1
7
0
7
7
6
2
3
1
4
5
4
0
7
0
1
6
3
9
4
0
3
7
5
3
3
3
1
1
2
7
2
9
0
8
3
6
2
6
0
4
6
6
8
0
1
27
Table A-2. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 2

WEIBEL
DATE
991026
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
17:17:53.403
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
2
B2 CASSIDY 40 MM
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
28
TIME
ms.
0.000
19.431
39.130
59.108
79.378
99.953
120.840
142.040
163.557
185.399
207.570
230.075
252.917
276.102
299.631
323.523
347.784
372.399
397.371
422.712
448.427
474.520
500.998
527.867
555.139
582.820
610.918
639.443
668.404
697.808
727.660
757.967
788.736
819.971
851.683
883.964
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
1036.216
1022.316
1008.233
993.960
979.487
964.662
950.441
936.433
922.567
908.858
895.380
882.122
869.083
856.273
843.669
830.679
818.276
806.787
795.080
783.482
772.099
760.905
749.844
738.858
727.936
717.159
706.465
695.844
685.372
675.045
664.934
654.959
645.101
635.630
625.380
613.502
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
-715.562
-715.235
-714.902
-714.562
-714.217
-699.103
-673.593
-653.721
-638.622
-617.963
-599.506
-581.472
-563.280
-546.838
-543.410
-524.586
-495.563
-469.066
-463.816
-451.504
-438.590
-425.463
-415.349
-407.147
-397.567
-387.712
-379.202
-369.734
-359.087
-348.372
-337.224
-327.848
-316.615
-312.129
-351.360
-391.797
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.6906
0.6996
0.7091
0.7189
0.7292
0.7247
0.7087
0.6981
0.6922
0.6799
0.6696
0.6592
0.6481
0.6386
0.6441
0.6315
0.6056
0.5814
0.5834
0.5763
0.5681
0.5592
0.5539
0.5511
0.5462
0.5406
0.5368
0.5314
0.5239
0.5161
0.5072
0.5006
0.4908
0.4911
0.5618
0.6386

WEIBEL
DATE
991026
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
17:57:13.913
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
3
B2 CASSIDY 40 MM
NO
TIME
ms.
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
0.000
19.502
39.283
59.355
79.727
100.413
121.419
142.743
164.389
186.367
208.680
231.330
254.323
277.665
301.360
325.413
349.834
374.626
399.790
425.334
451.262
477.581
504.295
531.404
558.917
586.842
615.188
643.957
673.152
702.783
732.855
763.376
794.354
825.792
857.693
890.064
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
1032.809
1018.326
1003.763
989.120
974.392
959.395
944.972
930.927
916.999
903.107
889.637
876.392
863.310
850.424
837.817
825.212
812.793
800.686
788.854
777.151
765.617
754.254
743.184
732.355
721.593
710.885
700.337
690.093
680.016
670.013
660.162
650.443
640.865
631.517
622.401
613.291
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620. t)0
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
ACCL.
m/s/s
-745.864
-739.430
-732.903
-726.281
-719.559
-702.310
-675.784
-654.020
-637.195
-617.995
-595.991
-577.431
-560.672
-543.152
-529.025
-514.741
-498.415
-481.303
-465.044
-451.853
-438.574
-422.703
-407.467
-395.634
-387.287
-377.626
-364.293
-350.893
-341.437
-332.693
-323.146
-313.866
-303.268
-291.326
-284.358
-278.691
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7222
0.7261
0.7302
0.7343
0.7385
0.7320
0.7151
0.7026
0.6949
0.6843
0.6699
0.6589
0.6495
0.6387
0.6314
0.6238
0.6132
0.6011
0.5895
0.5814
0.5728
0.5604
0.5483
0.5402
0.5367
0.5312
0.5202
0.5085
0.5021
0.4966
0.4895
0.4825
0.4732
0.4613
0.4569
0.4544
29

WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
10:23:56.336
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
4
B2 CASSIDY 40 GPI
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
30
TIME
ms.
0.000
19.528
39.311
59.367
79.719
100.388
121.376
142.688
164.329
186.307
208.621
231.274
254.269
277.610
301.301
325.351
349.773
374.568
399.738
425.288
451.223
477.552
504.279
531.412
558.955
586.913
615.288
644.080
673.295
702.937
733.009
763.521
794.480
825.888
857.780
890.201
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
1030.597
1017.669
1004.188
990.125
975.258
960.175
945.702
931.291
917.064
903.085
889.561
876.284
863.283
850.505
837.918
825.275
812.700
800.590
788.680
776.940
765.372
753.945
742.684
731.615
720.744
710.068
699.711
689.571
679.629
669.856
660.302
650.728
641.408
632.050
622.105
611.635
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
ACCL.
m/s/s
-652.350
-671.666
-691.233
-711.070
-724.872
-708.793
-686.454
-665.383
-645.290
-621.915
-597.526
-576.229
-556.778
-540.164
-528.716
-518.983
-502.512
-481.702
-467.046
-452.898
-439.603
-427.818
-414.627
-401.312
-388.713
-373.351
-358.725
-346.693
-334.965
-324.366
-315.207
-308.242
-298.675
-306.328
-317.383
-328.618
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.6330
0.6600
0.6884
0.7182
0.7433
0.7382
0.7259
0.7145
0.7037
0.6887
0.6717
0.6576
0.6450
0.6351
0.6310
0.6289
0.6183
0.6017
0.5922
0.5829
0.5744
0.5674
0.5583
0.5485
0.5393
0.5258
0.5127
0.5028
0.4929
0.4842
0.4774
0.4737
0.4657
0.4847
0.5102
0.5373
Table A-5. Velocity Data for the APFSDS Projectile, Shot No. 5
WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
11:08:54.955
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
5
B2 CASSIDY 40MM AP

NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
0.000
12.264
24.546
36.848
49.169
61.508
73.867
86.244
98.641
111.057
123.493
135.947
148.421
160.915
173.427
185.960
198.512
211.083
223.674
236.286
248.916
261.567
274.237
286.928
299.638
312.368
325.118
337.889
350.679
363.490
376.321
389.173
402.044
414.937
427.849
440.782
453.736
466.710
479.705
1632.074
1629.568
1627.063
1624.560
1622.058
1619.557
1617.058
1614.560
1612.063
1609.567
1607.073
1604.580
1602.088
1599.598
1597.109
1594.621
1592.135
1589.650
1587.167
1584.685
1582.205
1579.726
1577.248
1574.773
1572.298
1569.825
1567.354
1564.884
1562.416
1559.949
1557.484
1555.021
1552.560
1550.100
1547.641
1545.185
1542.730
1540.277
1537.825
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
720.00
740.00
760.00
ACCL.
m/s/s
-204.519
-204.111
-203.701
-203.291
-202.881
-202.469
-202.057
-201.645
-201.231
-200.818
-200.403
-199.988
-199.572
-199.156
-198.738
-198.321
-197.902
-197.483
-197.063
-196.643
-196.222
-195.800
-195.378
-194.955
-194.531
-194.106
-193.681
-193.256
-192.829
-192.402
-191.974
-191.546
-191.116
-190.687
-190.256
-189.825
-189.393
-188.960
-188.523
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.1253
0.1253
0.1252
0.1251
0.1251
0.1250
.1250
0.1249
0.1248
0.1248
0.1247
0.1246
0.1246
0.1245
0.1244
0.1244
0.1243
0.1242
0.1242
0.1241
0.1240
0.1240
0.1239
0.1238
0.1237
0.1237
0.1236
0.1235
0.1234
0.1233
0.1233
0.1232
0.1231
0.1230
0.1229
0.1229
0.1228
0.1227
0.1226
WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
11:43:07.297
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
6
B2 CASSIDY 40MM AP
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
TIME
ms.
0.000
12.229
24.483
36.764
49.069
61.399
73.753
86.130
98.529
110.951
123.394
135.858
148.342
160.846
173.369
185.912
198.517
211.194
223.928
236.718
249.562
262.459
275.406
288.400
301.440
314.524
327.654
340.829
354.047
367.310
380.617
393.968
407.363
420.801
434.284
447.811
461.383
474.998
488.659
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
1637.300
1633.761
1630.309
1626.947
1623.675
1620.493
1617.403
1614.404
1611.498
1608.696
1605.989
1603.349
1600.763
1598.227
1595.742
1593.307
1581.389
1574.116
1567.103
1560.356
1553.879
1547.677
1541.946
1536.422
1531.159
1525.951
1520.677
1515.479
1510.440
1505.484
1500.543
1495.570
1490.699
1485.821
1480.932
1476.094
1471.280
1466.491
1461.727
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
720.00
740.00
760.00
-293.364
-285.552
-277.723
-269.878
-262.016
-254.139
-246.247
-238.340
-230.418
-223.101
-214.928
-209.328
-205.021
-200.708
-196.387
-192.060
-585.361
-562.348
-539.230
-516.010
-492.692
-469.278
-450.104
-426.387
-405.586
-400.384
-394.079
-388.001
-381.295
-374.754
-372.138
-369.413
-364.804
-362.882
-359.267
-356.331
-353.382
-350.421
-347.450
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.1792
0.1748
0.1704
0.1659
0.1614
0.1568
0.1523
0.1476
0.1430
0.1387
0.1338
0.1306
0.1281
0.1256
0.1231
0.1205
0.3702
0.3573
0.3441
0.3307
0.3171
0.3032
0.2919
0.2775
0.2649
0.2624
0.2592
0.2560
0.2524
0.2489
0.2480
0.2470
0.2447
0.2442
0.2426
0.2414
0.2402
0.2390
0.2377
WEIBEL
DATE
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
W-1000i #5037
CHANNEL
ROUND
991027
12:17:59.681
1-4
7
B2 CASSIDY 40MM AP
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
0.000
12.204
24.425
36.663
48.919
61.192
73.483
85.793
98.120
110.466
122.830
135.213
147.615
160.036
172.476
184.936
197.414
209.912
222.428
234.964
247.519
260.094
272.688
285.302
297.935
310.588
323.261
335.953
348.665
361.397
374.150
386.924
399.718
412.533
425.368
438.222
451.096
463.989
476.902
489.836
502.791
515.768
528.765
1640.004
1637.701
1635.385
1633.055
1630.712
1628.355
1625.985
1623.600
1621.143
1618.756
1616.361
1613.915
1611.407
1608.927
1606.435
1603.986
1601.559
1599.071
1596.680
1594.214
1591.789
1589.294
1586.770
1584.349
1581.825
1579.408
1576.982
1574.573
1572.122
1569.581
1566.951
1564.422
1561.904
1559.471
1557.060
1554.780
1552.405
1549.977
1547.506
1545.103
1542.525
1540.021
1537.457
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
720.00
740.00
760.00
780.00
800.00
820.00
840.00
-188.284
-189.116
-189.949
-190.783
-191.618
-192.454
-193.292
-194.131
-196.860
-196.483
-195.969
-200.621
-197.311
-199.056
-197.628
-197.107
-195.873
-195.450
-196.747
-196.231
-194.993
-195.796
-195.699
-194.848
-194.335
-194.120
-191.054
-194.439
-197.310
-197.745
-197.075
-194.364
-192.918
-189.927
-189.747
-185.440
-184.658
-187.798
-189.745
-194.213
-193.100
-194.255
-192.449
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.1148
0.1155
0.1162
0.1168
0.1175
0.1182
0.1189
0.1196
0.1214
0.1214
0.1212
0.1243
0.1225
0.1237
0.1230
0.1229
0.1223
0.1222
0.1232
0.1231
0.1225
0.1232
0.1233
0.1230
0.1229
0.1229
0.1212
0.1235
0.1255
0.1260
0.1258
0.1242
0.1235
0.1218
0.1219
0.1193
0.1190
0.1212
0.1226
0.1257
0.1252
0.1261
0.1252
43
44
45
46
47
48
34
541..785
554..825
567..886
580,.969
594..073
607..198
1534 .957
1532 .463
1529 .975
1527 .492
1525..016
1522..546
860 .00
880..00
900..00
920..00
940,.00
960..00
-191..696
-190,.943
-190..188
-189..433
-188..676
-187..915
0..1249
0..1246
0..1243
0..1240
0..1237
0..1234
(elevated)
WEIBEL
SCIENTIFIC
W-1000i #5037
DATE
991027
TIME
CHANNEL
ROUND
14:32:06.617
1-4
8
B2 CASSIDY 40MM AP
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
TIME
ms.
0.000
61.248
122.972
185.176
247.859
311.020
374.665
438.796
503.420
568.543
634.168
700.302
766.951
834.121
901.824
970.069
1038.866
1108.221
1178.134
1248.615
1319.676
1391.325
1463.575
1536.435
1609.919
1684.040
1758.810
1834.241
1910.349
1987.150
2064.660
2142.893
2221.861
2301.578
2382.058
2463.318
2545.373
2628.237
2711.925
2796.456
2881.845
2968.109
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
1639.096
1626.387
1613.837
1601.453
1589.304
1577.211
1565.279
1553.357
1541.471
1529.679
1517.942
1506.254
1494.582
1482.904
1471.196
1459.424
1447.692
1436.094
1424.589
1413.057
1401.491
1389.889
1378.310
1366.685
1355.017
1343.315
1331.590
1319.844
1308.030
1296.123
1284.203
1272.291
1260.404
1248.491
1236.575
1224.665
1212.762
1200.860
1188.973
1177.061
1165.189
1153.317
0 00
100 00
200 00
300 00
400 00
500 00
600 00
700 00
800 00
900 00
1000 00
1100 00
1200 00
1300 00
1400 00
1500 00
1600 00
1700 00
1800 00
1900 00
2000 00
2100 00
2200 00
2300 00
2400 00
2500 00
2600 00
2700 00
2800 00
2900 00
3000 00
3100 00
3200 00
3300 00
3400 00
3500 00
3600 00
3700 00
3800 .00
3900 .00
4000 .00
4100 .00
-209.588
-205.418
-201.214
-196.979
-192.683
-189.885
-186.963
-184.844
-182.241
-180.140
-177.947
-176.168
-174.677
-173.472
-172.540
-170.984
-168.770
-166.392
-164.829
-163.350
-162.146
-161.352
-159.924
-159.153
-158.387
-157.179
-156.388
-155.610
-154.988
-154.290
-152.954
-151.473
-150.078
-148.724
-147.286
-145.891
-144.316
-142.965
-141.537
-139.973
-138.506
-137.008
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.1279
0.1263
0.1247
0.1230
0.1212
0.1204
0.1194
0.1190
0.1182
0.1178
0.1172
0.1170
0.1169
0.1170
0.1173
0.1172
0.1166
0.1159
0.1157
0.1156
0.1157
0.1161
0.1160
0.1165
0.1169
0.1170
0.1174
0.1179
0.1185
0.1190
0.1191
0.1191
0.1191
0.1191
0.1191
0.1191
0.1190
0.1191
0.1190
0.1189
0.1189
0.1188
35
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
36
3055 .264
3143 .338
3232 .340
3322 .288
3413..203
3505..112
3598..034
3691..989
1141 .381
1129 .486
1117 .649
1105 .875
1093..962
1082,.132
1070..268
1058..456
4200..00
4300..00
4400..00
4500,.00
4600,.00
4700..00
4800..00
4900..00
-135,.838
-134,.094
-132,.459
-130,.748
-129..780
-128..416
-126..631
-124.,910
0,.1190
0,.1187
0,.1185
0,.1182
0,.1186
0..1187
0,.1183
0,.1180
(elevated)
W E I B E L
SCIENTIFIC
W-1000i #5037
DATE
991027
TIME
CHANNEL
ROUND
14:41:35.239
1-4
9
B2 CASSIDY 40MM AP
NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
TIME
ms.
0.000
61.262
123.018
185.264
248.000
311.222
374.917
439.092
503.757
568.926
634.609
700.818
767.558
834.839
902.667
971.048
1039.993
1109.507
1179.599
1250.280
1321.559
1393.445
1465.949
1539.083
1612.861
1687.295
1762.397
1838.179
1914.653
1991.831
2069.728
2148.357
2227.733
2307.869
2388.779
2470.480
2552.985
2636.312
2720.478
2805.500
2891.397
2978.186
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
1638.931
1625.781
1612.872
1600.210
1587.805
1575.836
1564.115
1552.360
1540.473
1528.491
1516.436
1504.359
1492.318
1480.327
1468.355
1456.416
1444.499
1432.624
1420.755
1408.889
1397.025
1385.184
1373.310
1361.398
1349.460
1337.506
1325.543
1313.618
1301.679
1289.732
1277.782
1265.835
1253.876
1241.920
1229.968
1218.019
1206.076
1194.123
1182.157
1170.189
1158.214
1146.237
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
700.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
1300.00
1400.00
1500.00
1600.00
1700.00
1800.00
1900.00
2000.00
2100.00
2200.00
2300.00
2400.00
2500.00
2600.00
2700.00
2800.00
2900.00
3000.00
3100.00
3200.00
3300.00
3400.00
3500.00
3600.00
3700.00
3800.00
3900.00
4000.00
4100.00
ACCL.
m/s/s
-217
-211
-206
-200
-194
-189
-185
-184
-183
-183
-182
-180
-179
-177
-175
-173
-171
-170
-168
-167
-165
-164
-163
-162
-161
-159
-158
-156
-155
-154
-152
-151
-149
-148
-147
-145
-144
-142
-141
-140
-138
-137
425
857
244
586
884
086
901
470
811
201
273
991
284
402
613
769
995
310
732
240
724
571
441
281
064
811
410
875
513
144
739
347
943
493
049
612
204
852
508
116
714
272
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.1327
0.1303
0.1279
0.1254
0.1227
0.1200
0.1189
0.1188
0.1193
0.1199
0.1202
0.1203
0.1201
0.1198
0.1196
0.1193
0.1191
0.1189
0.1188
0.1187
0.1186
0.1188
0.1190
0.1192
0.1194
0.1195
0.1195
0.1194
0.1195
0.1195
0.1195
0.1196
0.1196
0.1196
0.1196
0.1196
0.1196
0.1196
0.1197
0.1197
0.1198
0.1198
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
3065 .888
3154 .519
3244 .100
3334..650
3426..191
3518..745
3612..337
3706..986
3802,.714
3899..540
3997..485
4096,.570
4196..815
4298..236
4400..855
4504..698
4609..804
4716..216
4823..977
4933..128
1134 .264
1122 .299
1110 .346
1098 .400
1086 .432
1074 .468
1062 .515
1050 .582
1038 .715
1026 .898
1015..111
1003..391
991..763
980..233
968..745
957..235
945..629
933,.886
922,.099
910,.233
4200 .00
4300 .00
4400,.00
4500,.00
4600,.00
4700,.00
4800,.00
4900,.00
5000..00
5100..00
5200..00
5300..00
5400..00
5500..00
5600..00
5700..00
5800..00
5900..00
6000..00
6100..00
-135 .795
-134 .312
-132..837
-131 .404
-130..009
-128..478
-126..867
-125..048
-123..150
-121..252
-119,.273
-117..148
-115,.074
-113..133
-111..685
-110..888
-110..424
-109..789
-109..119
-108..440
0 .1197
0..1197
0..1196
0..1196
0..1197
0..1196
0..1194
0..1190
0,.1186
0..1181
0..1175
0..1168
0..1160
0..1154
0..1153
0..1158
0..1168
0.,1176
0.,1183
0.,1191
(elevated)
DATA MISSING
39
Table A-ll. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 11

(BURST MODE 11-1)
WEIBEL
SCIENTIFIC
DATE
991027
TIME
15:43:03.493
W-1000i #5030
ROUND
11
CHANNEL
1-4
B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST


NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
40
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
0.000
19.460
39.209
59.253
79.600
100.253
121.219
142.503
164.113
186.050
208.316
230.917
253.859
277.147
300.789
324.789
349.151
373.879
398.977
424.446
450.288
476.510
503.116
530.112
557.504
585.298
613.501
642.120
671.161
700.633
730.543
760.905
791.732
823.038
854.835
887.137
1035.347
1020.222
1005.228
990.376
975.677
961.145
946.793
932.588
918.511
904.963
891.556
878.337
865.266
852.356
839.632
827.119
814.846
802.812
791.051
779.555
768.294
757.196
746.265
735.491
724.863
714.361
703.983
693.741
683.636
673.641
663.723
653.762
643.831
633.934
624.076
614.262
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
700.00
-786.170
-768.307
-750.179
-731.779
-713.102
-694.143
-674.898
-656.222
-637.913
-615.767
-596.736
-579.898
-563.232
-546.389
-529.521
-512.504
-495.586
-478.893
-462.494
-446.495
-431.908
-418.828
-406.533
-394.908
-383.946
-373.700
-363.556
-354.040
-345.099
-337.296
-331.063
-325.185
-319.217
-313.156
-306.999
-300.743
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7593
0.7531
0.7463
0.7389
0.7309
0.7222
0.7128
0.7037
0.6945
0.6804
0.6693
0.6602
0.6509
0.6410
0.6307
0.6196
0.6082
0.5965
0.5847
0.5728
0.5622
0.5531
0.5448
0.5369
0.5297
0.5231
0.5164
0.5103
0.5048
0.5007
0.4988
0.4974
0.4958
0.4940
0.4919
0.4896

(BURST MODE #11-2)
WEIBEL
W-1000i #5030
SCIENTIFIC
DATE
991027
TIME
15:43:03.493
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
12

Time Offset :
1060.000 ms.

NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
0.000
19.349
38.987
58.919
79.152
99.688
120.533
141.691
163.164
184.954
207.067
229.509
252.285
275.402
298.865
322.683
346.863
371.411
396.332
421.633
447.319
473.399
499.878
526.762
554.058
581.770
609.906
638.471
667.470
696.908
726.789
757.121
787.921
819.199
1041.321
1026.025
1010.897
995.949
981.197
966.655
952.341
938.289
924.601
911.137
897.809
884.653
871.641
858.771
846.025
833.405
820.927
808.614
796.473
784.589
772.743
761.077
749.604
738.315
727.207
716.249
705.483
694.907
684.520
674.331
664.397
654.364
644.388
634.475
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
-800.520
-780.519
-760.220
-739.617
-718.703
-697.476
-675.929
-653.976
-632.984
-613.846
-596.179
-581.989
-566.134
-551.255
-536.719
-522.738
-508.914
-494.962
-480.920
-466.039
-453.666
-440.554
-427.263
-414.347
-401.816
-389.319
-376.773
-364.829
-353.158
-341.941
-334.214
-327.402
-320.484
-313.459
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7688
0.7607
0.7520
0.7426
0.7325
0.7215
0.7098
0.6970
0.6846
0.6737
0.6640
0.6579
0.6495
0.6419
0.6344
0.6272
0.6199
0.6121
0.6038
0.5940
0.5871
0.5789
0.5700
0.5612
0.5526
0.5436
0.5341
0.5250
0.5159
0.5071
0.5030
0.5003
0.4974
0.4940
41

(BURST MODE 11-3)
WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
15:43:03.493
W-1000i #5030
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
13

Time Offset :
2128.000 ms.

NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
42
TIME
ms.
0.000
19.428
39.164
59.215
79.584
100.273
121.285
142.619
164.268
186.237
208.532
231.159
254.123
277.430
301.087
325.099
349.472
374.211
399.320
424.801
450.657
476.895
503.522
530.547
557.977
585.820
614.085
642.779
671.907
701.474
731.489
761.963
792.905
824.323
856.225
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
1037.665
1021.369
1005.356
989.647
974.265
959.237
944.589
930.629
917.101
903.720
890.497
877.388
864.515
851.764
839.160
826.722
814.481
802.465
790.688
779.174
767.874
756.665
745.579
734.611
723.720
712.940
702.287
691.797
681.475
671.396
661.310
651.331
641.470
631.735
622.139
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
. 280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
460.00
480.00
500.00
520.00
540.00
560.00
580.00
600.00
620.00
640.00
660.00
680.00
ACCL.
m/s/s
-852.398
-825.174
-797.517
-769.421
-740.878
-711.887
-682.445
-650.276
-625.524
-605.465
-587.306
-571.571
-556.168
-540.642
-525.248
-509.367
-493.696
-478.262
-462.967
-448.068
-434.614
-423.003
-412.333
-402.123
-391.960
-381.557
-370.838
-360.005
-348.989
-340.371
-331.828
-323.154
-314.346
-305.403
-296.321
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.8215
0.8079
0.7933
0.7775
0.7605
0.7421
0.7225
0.6988
0.6821
0.6700
0.6595
0.6515
0.6433
0.6347
0.6259
0.6161
0.6062
0.5960
0.5855
0.5751
0.5660
0.5590
0.5530
0.5474
0.5416
0.5352
0.5280
0.5204
0.5121
0.5070
0.5018
0.4961
0.4900
0.4834
0.4763

(BURST MODE 12-1)
W E I B E L
W-1000i #5030
SCIENTIFIC
DATE
991027
TIME
16:04:51.115
CHANNEL
1-4
ROUND
14

NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
0.000
19.414
39.123
59.129
79.439
100.054
120.976
142.204
163.744
185.612
207.808
230.337
253.201
276.403
299.949
323.848
348.104
372.722
397.705
423.054
448.780
474.889
501.387
1037.955
1022.463
1007.201
992.189
977.444
962.986
948.980
935.363
921.457
907.817
894.365
881.238
868.356
855.715
843.106
830.673
818.444
806.460
794.730
783.185
771.715
760.385
749.206
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
-809.709
-786.262
-762.461
-738.299
-713.771
-688.874
-666.187
-643.289
-633.362
-614.353
-595.078
-574.599
-557.245
-542.513
-526.347
-510.932
-495.946
-480.309
-464.841
-451.827
-440.015
-428.027
-415.860
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7801
0.7690
0.7570
0.7441
0.7302
0.7154
0.7020
0.6877
0.6874
0.6767
0.6654
0.6520
0.6417
0.6340
0.6243
0.6151
0.6060
0.5956
0.5849
0.5769
0.5702
0.5629
0.5551
43

(BURST MODE 12-2)
WEIBEL
SCIENTIFIC
W-1000i #5030
DATE
TIME
CHANNEL
991027
16:04:51.115
1-4
ROUND
15

Time Offset
425.000 ms.

44
NO
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
izz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
0.000
19.293
38.879
58.762
78.948
99.439
120.238
141.347
162.769
184.510
206.576
228.971
251.700
274.766
298.178
321.941
346.061
370.541
395.383
420.588
446.162
472.111
498.439
1044.489
1028.876
1013.480
998.317
983.405
968.765
954.494
940.516
926.747
913.130
899.690
886.486
873.474
860.672
847.950
835.393
823.055
810.983
799.265
787.748
776.377
765.173
754.160
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
-820.759
-797.773
-774.438
-750.749
-726.698
-702.285
-677.444
-655.936
-636.234
-618.018
-600.295
-582.152
-565.445
-550.660
-534.962
-518.438
-501.491
-484.147
-466.900
-452.105
-438.527
-425.120
-411.515
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7858
0.7754
0.7641
0.7520
0.7390
0.7249
0.7097
0.6974
0.6865
0.6768
0.6672
0.6567
0.6474
0.6398
0.6309
0.6206
0.6093
0.5970
0.5842
0.5739
0.5648
0.5556
0.5457

(BURST MODE 12-3)
WEIBEL
DATE
991027
SCIENTIFIC
TIME
16:04:51.115
W-1000i #5030
CHANNEL
.1-4
ROUND
16

Time Offset
1080.000 ms.

NO
Muzz
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
TIME
ms.
VELOCITY
m/s.
DISTANCE
m
ACCL.
m/s/s
0.000
19.345
38.983
58.920
79.161
99.710
120.574
141.755
163.257
185.084
207.239
229.727
252.553
275.722
299.240
323.113
347.346
371.941
396.900
422.224
447.921
473.998
500.461
1041.635
1026.124
1010.783
995.627
980.671
965.931
951.371
937.146
923.189
909.489
896.027
882.748
869.681
856.823
844.063
831.517
819.219
807.218
795.506
784.028
772.612
761.354
750.256
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
220.00
240.00
260.00
280.00
300.00
320.00
340.00
360.00
380.00
400.00
420.00
440.00
-812.103
-791.593
-770.773
-749.637
-728.177
-706.391
-685.477
-662.269
-641.000
-620.357
-600.808
-582.676
-565.207
-549.750
-533.133
-515.441
-497.850
-480.972
-464.283
-450.239
-437.867
-425.636
-413.224
RETARD.
m/s/m
0.7796
0.7714
0.7626
0.7529
0.7425
0.7313
0.7205
0.7067
0.6943
0.6821
0.6705
0.6601
0.6499
0.6416
0.6316
0.6199
0.6077
0.5958
0.5836
0.5743
0.5667
0.5591
0.5508
45
46
APPENDIX B
INDIVIDUAL OVERPRESSURE PLOTS
47
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108
NO. OF
COPIES
1
ORGANIZATION
ADMINISTRATOR
DEFENSE TECHNICAL INFO CTR
ATTN DTICOCA
8725 JOHN J KINGMAN RD
STE0944
FTBELVOIR VA 22060-6218
DIRECTOR
US ARMY RSCH LABORATORY
ATTN AMSRL CI AI R REC MGMT
2800 POWDER MILL RD
ADELPHIMD 20783-1197
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL CI LL TECH LIB
2800 POWDER MILL RD
ADELPHI MD 207830-1197
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL D D SMITH
2800 POWDER MILL RD
OFC OF THE PROJ MGR TANK &
MED CALIBER ARMAMENT SYS
ATTN SFAE GCSS TMA SM
BLDG354(RJOINSON R BROWN
L D'ULISSE
PICATINNY ARSENAL NJ
07806-5000
DEVELOPMT & ENGINEERNG CTR
ATTN AMSTAARCCLD
BLDG 65 G MOSHIER S LISS
G FLEMING
PICATINNY ARSENAL NJ
07806-5000
PROG EXEC OFC
GROUND COMBAT & SUP SYS
ATTN SFAE GCSS W BV S DAVIS
WARREN MI 48397-5000
US ARMY TACOM
PM FUTURE SCOUT CAVALRY SYS
ATTN AMSTA TRFSCS (MS 275)
RASOKOLIS RCZARNICK
NO. OF
COPIES
1
ORGANIZATION
US ARMY TACOM
FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY TEAM
ATTN AMSTA CS SF C HENDERSON
OFC OF THE SECY OF DEFENSE
ATTN DDOT&E/LFT&E
RM 1C730 J O'BRYON
1700 DEFENSE PENTAGON
WASHINGTON DC 20301-1700
OFC OF THE UNDER SECY OF DEF
ATTN AT&L/S&TS MUNITIONS
RM3B1060 TMELITA
1700 DEFENSE PENTAGON
WASHINGTON DC 20301-3090
US ARMY INFANTRY SCHOOL
DIR OF COMBAT DEVELOPMENT
ATTN ATZB CDI COL STONE
AFARR
FTBENNING GA 31905-5000
CDR US ARMY ARMOR CTR
ATTN ATZK FD SECURITY
MAJ FLETCHER
BLDG 1002
FTKNOXKY 40121-5215
US MARINE CORPS
ATTN DRPMAAA COL NANS
S GREENWALD
991 ANNAPOLIS WAY
WOODBRIDGE VA 22191-1215
UNITED DEFENSE LP
ATTN S FRENCH L RIEBE
4800 EAST RIVER RD
MINNEAPOLIS MN 55421-1498
UNITED DEFENSE LP
GROUND SYSTEMS DIV
ATTN L DARNELL
1115 COLEMAN AVE BOX 367
SAN JOSE CA 95103
WESTERN DESIGN
ATTN C PANASEWICZ G HILL
16952 MILLIKEN AVE
IRVINE CA 92714-5045
109
NO. OF
COPIES
ORGANIZATION
CTA INTERNATIONAL
ATTN GKOPCSAK
3609 BUCK MOUNTAIN RD
BROWNTOWN VA 22610
NO. OF
COPIES
ORGANIZATION
13
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL WMTD B BURNS
TFARRAND(IOCYS)
D DIETRICH K FRANK
BLDG 309
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL SL J PLOSKONKA
J STRUBEL R GANGLER
BLDG 247
ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND

DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRLCI LP (TECH LIB)
BLDG305 APGAA
CDR AMSAA
ATTN AMXSY SC
HLEE R THOMPSON
BLDG 328
CDR AMSAA
ATTN AMXSY CA
JCORLEY G DRAKE
BLDG 367
CDR AEC
ATTN CSTEAECSVEL
L FILLINGER
BLDG 4120
CDR DTC
ATTN CSTEDTCTTT
J PIERSON
RYAN BLDG
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL WM
TROSENBERGER
BLDG 4600
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL WM TA
M BURKINS B GOOCH
BLDG 393
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL WM TC
L MAGNESS R COATES
BLDG 309
110
ABSTRACT ONLY
DIRECTOR
ATTN AMSRL CI AP TECH PUB BR
2800 POWDER MILL RD
NO. OF
COPIES
ORGANIZATION
CTA INTERNATIONAL
ATTN D LESLIE
M DUCKWORTH
R BRADDOCK
7 ROUTE DE GUERRY
18023 BOURGES CEDEX
FRANCE
DEF EVALTN RSCH AGENCY

CHERTSEY
LAND SYS SECTOR
ATTN G FIELDING J SOLLICK
CHOBHAM LANE
CHERTSEY SURREY
111
112
Form Approved
OMB No. 0704-0188
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,
gatnenng and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this
collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson
Daws Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.
1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
August 2000
Final
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Initial Evaluation of the CTA International 40-mm Cased Telescoped Weapon System
PR: 1L162618AH80
6. AUTHOR(S)
Farrand, T.G. (ARL)

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Weapons & Materials Research Directorate
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5066
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Weapons & Materials Research Directorate
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5066
ARL-TR-2275
11.SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
The capability of off-the-shelf medium caliber ammunition has been advertised extensively. As the decision about the main
armament for imminent medium caliber platforms approaches, more definitive independent analyses of the advertised systems
are being conducted. To increase the current database, an evaluation of the 40-mm cased telescoped weapon system (CTWS)
was coordinated between the U.S. Government and CTA International (CTAI), a French-United Kingdom company. The
emphasis of this evaluation was the performance of the armor-piercing, fin-stabilized, discarding sabot (APFSDS) projectile. In
addition, the pressures inside the Bradley fighting vehicle, where the CTWS was mounted, and shock measurements on the
exterior of the vehicle were taken to estimate the effect of the weapon system on the vehicle and the crew. The evaluation of the
terminal effects of the APFSDS against selected Senior National Representatives (SNR)-defined range targets is documented in
a separate, classified version of the evaluation.
The APFSDS ammunition performed as advertised, with a muzzle velocity of approximately 1640 m/s and a velocity decay of
0.12 m/s/m. These values give the 40-mm CTAI APFSDS a high velocity at the target for typical engagement distances. The
measured shock to the vehicle and overpressures within the vehicle during firing all appear to be at acceptable levels for these
initial tests.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
ammunition
cased telescoped ammunition
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
OF REPORT
Unclassified
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
medium caliber
vehicle integration
OF THIS PAGE
Unclassified
128
velocity
16. PRICE CODE

OF ABSTRACT
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
Unclassified
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
113

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ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY

Initial Evaluation of the CTA

jpnc QUALITY wmKxm 4

The capability of off-the-shelf medium caliber ammunition has been

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Results and Discussion

Report Documentation Page

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

40-mm CTWS Weapon

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INITIAL EVALUATION OF THE CTA INTERNATIONAL

Figure 1. 40-mm CTWS Weapon.

2. Round "A" Loads

4. Gun Frrcs, Brccdi

Design Enhances Reliability'

Figure 2. "Push-Through" Principle of 40-mm CTWS Weapon.

Figure 3. 40-mm CTWS Integrated in BFV Turret.

Additionally, computer-aided design (CAD) analysis has been employed

Figure 4. 105-round Linkless Feeder for BFV.

Figure 5. 40-mm CTWS APFSDS Cartridge in Section.

Figure 6. 40-mm CTWS APFSDS Penetrator.

Figure 7. Mounting the CTWS in the BFV.

5. Results and Discussion

Figure 8. 40-mm CTAI Gun Mounted on the BFV.

Figure 9. 40-mm CTAI Gun System Firing From the BFV.

Figure 10. Photograph of GP Projectile Exiting the Muzzle.

Figure 11. Photograph of APFSDS Projectile Exiting the Muzzle.

BPADirr" 4G-MU GUN FIRE TEST

Ch 3. Turret Right Ch. 4 Rear Crew Area

FiRAU.rr 40-WM ';UN riRr n:::.r

.'? OCKttH ly'i"

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Table A-l. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 1

Table A-2. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 2

Table A-3. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 3

Table A-4. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 4

Velocity Results : Adjusted

Table A-ll. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 11

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Velocity Results : Adjusted

Table A-12. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 12

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Velocity Results : Adjusted

Table A-13. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 13

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Velocity Results : Adjusted

Table A-14. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 14

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Table A-15. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 15

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Velocity Results : Adjusted

Table A-16. Velocity Data for the GP Projectile, Shot No. 16

B2 CASSIDY 40MM GPI BURST

Velocity Results : Adjusted

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