LTE PHY Overview

Gwanmo Ku Adaptive Signal Processing and Information Theory Research Group Nov. 4, 2011

Outline
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LTE Introduction LTE PHY Standard Descriptions

Protocol Architecture Standard Docs. Parameters Frame Structures PHY Resources Modulation, Channel Coding, and Physical Channels

References

2/11

LTE Introduction

Why LTE?
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Continuity of Competitiveness of 3G System

Higher Data Rate QoS

Packet Switch Optimized System

LTE
High Spectral Efficiency Very Low Latency Support of Variable Bandwidth

(Reference: http://www.3gpp.org/LTE)

LTE Multiple Access

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Base Station (eNB) DL : OFDMA with CP

UL : DFTS-OFDMA with CP Mobile (UE)

DL (Downlink), UL (Uplink), CP (Cyclic Prefix) eNB (e Node B), UE (User Equipment) DFTS-OFDMA (DFT Spread OFDMA) : also called as SC-FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA)
(Reference : p7, 3GPP TS 36.201 V8.3.0 (2009-03))

OFDMA & SC-FDMA

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OFDMA

Bits

Constellation Mapping & S/P

- DFT

Subcarrier Mapping

- IFFT

Add CP & P/S

DFT Spread

SC-FDMA (DFT Spread OFDMA)

S/P (Serial to Parallel Conversion), P/S (Parallel to Serial Conversion) : Used Subcarriers : Total Subcarriers (Reference : p. 71, 3GPP TR 25.814 V7.1.0 (2006-09))

2/11

LTE PHY Standard Descriptions

LTE Protocol Architecture

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LTE Protocol Architecture around PHY

Layer 3 Radio Resource Control (RRC) Logical Channels Layer 2 Medium Access Control (MAC) Transport Channels Layer 1 Physical Layer (PHY) Control / Measurements

Logical Channels : Type of information transferred Transport Channels : How the information is transferred
(Reference : p. 7, 3GPP TS 36.201 V8.3.0 (2009-03))

LTE PHY Standard Docs.

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Rel-8 36 Series : LTE

Requirements

Rel-9 36 Series : LTE with Enhancement Rel-10, 11, 36 Series : LTE Advanced Rel-8 362XX : LTE PHY Technical Spec. 36201 : LTE PHY General Descriptions

Layer 1

36211 : Physical channels and modulation 36.212 : Multiplexing and channel coding 36.213 : Physical layer procedures

Layer 2 & 3

36.214 : Physical layer Measurements

PHY Parameters
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DL/UL Parameters
System BW [MHz]
# Resource Blocks
=

1.4
6

3
15

5
25 2048 12 -

10
50

15
75

20
100

FFT Size
= . =

4096*

# Subcarriers per RB
= . =

24* 600 900 1200 2400* 15.36 23.04 30.72

72

180

300 -

# Used Subcarriers
= .

Sampling Rate [MHz]

1.92

3.84

7.68

Subcarrier Spacing = 15 UL/DL, = 7.5 DL only

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09))

PHY Parameters CP Length

12/25 One Slot 0.5 ms (500 s) DL/UL Normal CP
5.2083
0 Symbol 0

4.6875
1 Symbol 1 2 Symbol 2 3 Symbol 3 4 Symbol 4 5 Symbol 5 6 Symbol 6

66.6667

DL/UL Extended CP with Freq. Spacing 15 KHz

66.6667
cp0 Symbol 0 CP1 Symbol 1 CP2 Symbol 2 CP3 Symbol 3 CP4 Symbol 4 CP5 Symbol 5

16.6666

DL Extended CP with Freq. Spacing 7.5 KHz

133.33
cp0 Symbol 0 CP1 Symbol 1 CP2 Symbol 2

33.333

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

Operating Bands (700 MHz)

13/25 FDD Uplink 700
MHz 699 716 729 746

FDD Downlink

TDD LTE Recommendation 750 800

756 758 768 777 787 788 798

Band 12

Band 12

Band 13

Band 14

Band 13

Band 14

704

716

Band 17

Band 17

757

776

Verizon LTE Plan in US FCC Upper 700 MHz Band C FCC Band in US

References : [1] 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09) [2] FCC Doc. : http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2011/db0630/FCC-11-103A1.pdf

Operating Bands (800 MHz)

14/25 FDD Uplink 800
MHz 824

FDD Downlink 850

849 869

TDD LTE Recommendation 750 Band 5 900

894

950
960

Band 5

830

840

875

885

Band 6

Band 6

880

915

925

Band 8

Band 8

Cellular FCC Cellular Band

Cellular

But unavailable for LTE References : [1] 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09) [2] FCC Doc. : http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2011/db0630/FCC-11-103A1.pdf

Operating Bands (1700-2200 MHz)

15/25 FDD Uplink 1700
MHz 1710 1785

FDD Downlink 1900

1880 1920 1980

TDD LTE Recommendation 2000

2010 Band 34 2025

1800
1805

2100
2110 2170

2200
Band 1

Band 3
1770

Band 3
1850

Band 39
1910

Band 1
1930 1990

Band 10

Band 35

Band 37

Band 36

Band 10

1755

2155

Band 4

Band 2

Band 2

Band 4

1749.9

1784.9

1844.9

1879.9

Band 9

Band 9

Band33

FCC PCS Broadband and Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)

AWS1 PCS Broadband PCS Broadband AWS1

AT&T LTE Plan : AWS band References : [1] 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09) [2] FCC Doc. : http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2011/db0630/FCC-11-103A1.pdf

Operating Bands (1400 & 2300-2700 MHz)

16/25 FDD Uplink 1400
MHz

FDD Downlink 2300 2400

TDD 2500 LTE Recommendation 2600 2700

2570 2620 2690

1500
Band11

1427.9 1447.9 1475.9 1495.9

Band11

Band 40

Band 7

Band38

Band 7

FCC Broadband Radio Service (BRS) and Educational Broadband Service (EBS) BRS EBS BRS + EBS But LTE available BW upto 5MHz
2502 2602 2673.5 2690

References : [1] 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.15.0 (2011-09) [2] FCC Doc. : http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2011/db0630/FCC-11-103A1.pdf

Frame Structure
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Frame Structure Type 1 : FDD

Frame Structure Type 2 : TDD

5ms Switch

10ms Switch

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

Frame Structure TDD (Cont.)

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UL/DL Configurations
UL-DL Configuration DL to UL Switch Point Periodicity 5 ms 5 ms 5 ms 10 ms 10 ms 10 ms 5 ms Sub-frame Number 0 D D D D D D D 1 S S S S S S S 2 U U U U U U U 3 U U D U U D U 4 U D D U D D U 5 D D D D D D D 6 S S S D D D S 7 U U U D D D U 8 U U D D D D U 9 U D D D D D D

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Subframe Index : D (Downlink), U (Uplink), S (Special) (Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

PHY Resources
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Resources in LTE
Resources : # Usable Subcarriers

Resource Block & Slot

Frequency

0.5 ms
Slot Time

Resourcce Block BW

180 kHz

time

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

PHY Resources UL Slot Structure

20/25 Frequency
Nullities

BW [MHz]

1.4 6 128

3 15 256

5 25 512

10 50 1024

15 75 1536

20 100 2048

SC-FDMA Symbols

Configuration

12 12

7 6

Normal CP

Extended CP

Configuration

CP Length 160 for 0th Symbol

Normal CP 144 for 1~6th Symbol Nullities Extended CP 512 for 0~5th Symbol

time
1 Slot

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

PHY Resources DL Slot Structure

21/25 Frequency
Nullities OFDMA Symbols
BW [MHz] 1.4 6 128 3 15 256 5 25 512 10 50 1024 12 12 24
CP Length 160 for 0th Symbol 144 for 1~6th Symbol

15 75 1536

20 100 2048 7 6 3

Configuration Normal CP = 15 = 15 Extended CP = 7.5

Configuration

Normal CP

= 15 = 15

Nullities

512 for 0~5th Symbol 1024 for 0-2nd Symbol

Extended CP

= 7.5

time
1 Slot

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.9.0 (2009-12))

Modulations, Coding, Physical Channels

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Modulations
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Channel Coding
Turbo Coding

Physical Channels
DL Physical Channels

PDSCH, PDCCH, PCFICH, PBCH, PMCH, PHICH

UL Physical Channels

PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH

(Reference : 3GPP TS 36.212 V8.8.0 (2009-12))

Future Work (Next Talk)

23/25

LTE

Resource Allocation

AMC
(Adaptive Modulation and Coding)

2/11

References

References
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LTE related Webpages

http://www.3gpp.org http://www.fcc.gov/ http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls/

: 3GPP Standard Web : FCC

: FCC Band License Search

LTE Standard Docs. Release 8 Technical Specs.

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/latest/Rel-8/36_series/

FCC Useful Doc. 15th Report

http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2011/db0630/FCC-11-103A1.pdf

DFTS-OFDMA (SC-FDMA)
http://sites.google.com/site/hgmyung/scfdma