Bab 2

15. (a) If a particle's position is given by x = 4 - 12t + 3tZ (where t is in seconds and x is in meters), what is its velocity at t = 1 s? (b) Is it moving in the positive or negative direction of x just then? (c) What is its speed just then? (d) Is the speed increasing or decreasing just then? (Try answering the next two questions without further calculation.) (e) Is there ever an instant when the velocity is zero? If so, give the time t; if not, answer no. (f) Is there a time after t = 3 s when the particle is moving in the negative direction of x? If so, give the time t; if not, answer no. 18. The position of a particle moving along an x axis is given by x = 12tZ - 2t3, where x is in meters and t is in seconds. Detelmine (a) the position, (b) the velocity, and (c) the acceleration of the particle at t = 3.0 s. (d) What is the maximum positive coordinate reached by the particle and (e) at what time is it reached? (f) What is the maximum positive velocity reached by the particle and (g) at what time is it reached? (h) What is the acceleration of the particle at the instant the particle is not moving (other than at t = O)? (i) Determine the average velocity of the particle between t = 0 and t = 3 s. 25. An electric vehicle starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of 2.0 mls2 in a straight line until it reaches a speed of 20 mls. The vehicle then slows at a constant rate of 1.0 mls2 until it stops. (a) How much time elapses from start to stop? (b) How far does the vehicle travel from start to stop? 44. When startled, an armadillo will leap upward. Suppose it rises 0.544 m in the first 0.200 s. (a) What is its initial speed as it leaves the ground? (b) What is its speed at the height of 0.544 m? (c) How much higher does it go? 67. When a soccer ball is kicked toward a player and the player deflects the ball by "heading" it, the acceleration of the head during the collision can be significant. Figure 2-35 gives the measured acceleration a(t) of a soccer player's head for a bare head and a helmeted head, starting from rest. The scaling on the vertical axis is set by as = 200 m/s2 At time t = 7.0 ms, what is the difference in the speed acquired by the bare head and the speed acquired by the helmeted head?

Bab 4
3. A positron undergoes a displacement 111 = 2.01 - 3.0J + 6.0k, ending with the position vector 1 = 3.0J - 4.0k, in meters. What was the positron's initial position vector? 9. Figure 4-30 gives the path of a squirrel moving about on level ground, from point A (at time t = 0), to points B (at t = 5.00 min), C (at t = 10.0 min), and finally D (at t = 15.0 min). Consider the average velocities of the squirrel from point A to each of the other three points. Of them, what are the (a) magnitude and (b) angle of the one with the least magnitude and the (c) magnitude and (d) angle of the one with the greatest magnitude?

36. During a tennis match, a player serves the ball at 23.6 mis, with the center of the ball leaving the racquet horizontally 2.37 m above the court surface. The net is 12 m away and 0.90 m high. When the ball reaches the net, (a) does the ball clear it and (b) what is the distance between the center of the ball and the top of the net? Suppose that, instead, the ball is served as before but now it leaves the racquet at 5.00 below the horizontal. When the ball reaches the net, (c) does the ball clear it and (d) what now is the distance between the center of the ball and the top of the net? 66. A particle moves along a circular path over a horizontal xy coordinate system, at constant speed. At time t) = 4.00 s, it is at point (5.00 m, 6.00 m) with velocity (3.00 mis)J and acceleration in the positive x direction. At time t2 = 10.0 s, it has velocity ( - 3.00 mis)1 and acceleration in the positive y direction. What are the (a) x and (b) y coordinates of the center of the circular path if t2 - tl is less than one period? 73. Two highways intersect as shown in Fig. 4-46. At the instant shown, a police car P is distance dp = 800 m from the intersection and moving at speed Vp = 80 km/h. Motorist M is distance dM = 600m from the intersection and moving at speed vM = 60 kmlh. (a) In unitvector notation, what is the velocity of the motorist with respect to the police car? (b) For the instant shown in Fig. 4-46, what is the angle between the velocity found in (a) and the line of sight between the two cars? (c) If the cars maintain their velocities, do the answers to (a) and (b) change as the cars move nearer the intersection?