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STOICHIOMETRY
UNIT: 3
1. Types of Redox reactions 2. Applications of redox reactions in titrimetric quantitative analysis and redox reactions in electrode process 3. Numerical calculations based on equation VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: 1. A. What is redox concept? Give an example. Chemical change in which both the oxidation and reduction are takes place simultaneously is called redox reaction.
Oxidation
0 +2 +2 0

Zn + Cu SO4

Zn SO4 + Cu

Reduction

2. A.

What is the role of salt bridge in a Daniel cell? In a Daniel cell, salt bridge provides an electric contact between the two solutions by preventing accumulation of charges at the respective electrodes.
2 2 I 2 ( aq ) + 2S2O3 2 I ( aq ) + S4O6 ( aq ) for the above trimetric reactions how is

3.

the end point determined. A.

2 2 I 2 ( aq ) + 2 S2O3 2 I ( aq ) + S4O6 ( aq )

In this titrimetric reaction, the end point can be detected by a colour change from blue to colourless state.

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www.sakshieducation.com SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS: 1.

2 and Cr2O7 titrations with other substances carried out to How are MnO4

detect the end point. A.

2 1) In Cr2O7 titrations, diphenyl amine is used as reagent and at the end point it 2 produces intense blue colour due to the oxidation by Cr2O7 2) In MnO4 (i.e.,) permangametric titrations, there is no need of external indicator

because KMnO4 acts as self indicator. At the end point, light pink colour is produced.

2. A.

Explain any two types of redox reactions with examples. Redox reactions Types: a) Chemical combination reactions: One species combine with another species to form product. In this conversion one species undergo oxidation and other species undergo reduction.
reduction e.g : C + O2 CO2 oxidation

ii) Decomposition reactions: Chemical compounds chemically split into two or more simpler substances during decomposition reactions.
oxidation e.g : 2HgO 2Hg + O2 reduction

3. A.

Write the electrode reactions in a Daniel cell. In Daniel cell a zinc rod is kept in copper sulphate solution the redox reaction takes place and heat is also evolved. at anode: Zn Zn +2 + 2e ( Oxidation ) at cathode: Cu 2+ + 2e Cu( Reduction )

Zn +2 + Cu Cell reaction: Zn + Cu +2

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www.sakshieducation.com 4. For two redox couples A2+ A and B 2+ B the reduction potential values are 1.28V and +0.34V which is strong reducing agent? Can both of them displace

H 2 from dilute Hydrochloric acid? Why?

A. The low S.R.P element acts as strong reducing agent and the high S.R.P element acts as strong oxidising agent. High S.R.P element can replaceable by low S.R.P element from their salts. A is strong reducing agent A is only displace H 2 from dilute Hydrochloric acid due to its low reduction potential value.

H 2 SO4 =

Molecular weight 98 = = 49 Number of replaceable hydrogens 2

5.

How are the end points of titrations detected in the following reaction.
(a) MnO4 oxidizes Fe 2+

2 oxidizes Fe 2+ (b) Cr2O7

(c) Cu +2 oxidizes I A.
the end point can be a) In the titration which involves oxidation of Fe +2 by MnO4

detected by a sharp colour change from pale pink to colourless.

2 b) In the titration which involves oxidation of Fe+2 by Cr2O7 the end point can be

detected by the formation of intense blue colour. c) In the titration which involves oxidation of I by Cu +2 the end point can be detected by the formation of a deep blue colour with starch solution.

CALCULATIONS BASED ON WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP:

1. A.

Calculate the amount of oxygen formed, when 122.6 g of KClO3 was heated?
2 KClO3 ( g ) KCl( s ) + 3O2 ( g )

2 122.6 g

2 32 g

2 122.6 g of KClO3 liberates 3 32 g O2

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122.6 g of KClO3 liberates

122.6 3 32 = 48 g 2 122.6

2. A.

What is the weight of limestone required to get 11.2g of lime?

CaCO3 ( s ) CaO( s ) + CO2 ( g )

100g 56g 56g of lime is formed from 100g of limestone 11.2g of lime is formed from,

11.2 100 = 20 g of limestone 56

CALCULATIONS BASED ON WEIGHT VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS:

1. Sol .

What volume of oxygen is required for the complete combustion of 4 g of CH 4 ?

CH 4( g ) + 2O2( g ) CO2( g ) + 2 H 2O( l )

1 mole 16 g 2 mole 2 x 22. 4 lit

16 g of CH 4 required 2x 22.4 lit of oxygen for the combustion.

4 g of CH 4 requires =
2.

4 2 22.4 lit of oxygen =11.2 lit 16

What is the amount of calcium carbonate for the preparation of 250cc of CO2 at

27o C and 750 mm of Hg by the action of dil HCl

A. Step I: Conversion of the volume CO2 from experimental condition to STP conditions . Experimental condition to STP conditions .

P 1 = 750 mm of Hg P 2 =760 mm of Hg V1 = 250 c.c T1 = 300 K

Applying formula

V2 = ? T2 = 273K

PV PV 1 1 = 2 2 T1 T2

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750 250 760 V2 = 300 273

V2 = 224.5 C.C
Step II The given reaction is,

CaCO3( s ) + 2 HCl( l ) CaCl2( s ) + CO2( g ) + H 2O( l )

100g 22,400 C.C 100g of CaCO3 is required to produce 22,400 C.C of CO2 The weight of CaCO3 required to produce 224.5 C.C. of CO2 is

224.5 100 = 1.002 g . 22, 400

CALCULATIONS BASEDON VOLUME VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS:

1.

What volume of oxygen is required for the complete combustion of 4 lit of CO at NTP.

Sol.

1 CO( g ) + O2 ( g ) CO2 ( g ) 2
1 mole 1 2 mole 22.4 lit 11.2 lit 22.4 lit of CO requires 11.2 lit of oxygen 4 lit g CO requires

4 11.2 lit = 2 lit 22.4

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