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SCIENCE INTENSIVE PROGRAMME FOR FROM 3 CHAPTER 2 : BLOOD CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT SMK SUNGAI PASIR , O8OOO SUNGAI PETANI , KEDAH DARULAMAN. TEL : 04-421 1764 FAX : 422 0203 LAMAN WEB : WWW.SMKSP.COM
5 The function of the heart is to pump blood to all parts of the body.
Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood
2 Functions of the human blood circulatory system : Transport useful substances : oxygen, nutrients, hormones and antibodies to all part of the body. Transport waste products : carbon dioxide, urea, excess water/mineral salts. 3 Human blood circulatory system act as a system of tubes with a pump (heart) and valves that ensure one-way flow of blood. 4 Blood flow in the human blood circulatory system can be divided into two paths : Pulmonary Circulation :
- Transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs - Transports oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
6 The valves prevent backflow of blood therefore ensures the blood flow in one direction. 7 Blood vessels are tubes in the body that channel blood. There are 3 types of blood vessel :
Characteristics Cross section
very thin(one -cell thick) Very slow Very low Artery Vein Capillary
Systemic Circulation
- Transports oxygenated blood and useful substances from heart to all parts of the body (except lungs) - Transports deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body (except lungs) to heart
Thickness of wall
Pulmonary Circulation (From heart to lungs and back to heart)
Plasma
Transport medium
Transport oxygen
Protect body
9 The ABO System group human blood grouped into four groups called A, B, AB and O. 10 During blood transfusion, the donor's blood must be compatible with the recipient's blood to prevent blood agglutinate (clump together) and cause fatal blockage in the recipient's blood vessels.
Recipient's blood group Donor's blood group
O A B AB Compatibles
A X X
B X X
AB X X X
People with blood group O is able to donate blood to all the blood groups
18 Roles of transpiration : Helps in absorption and transportation of water and minerals in plants. Supplies water for photosynthesis Loses excess water Maintains freshness of plant cells. Cools the plant by evaporation during hot weather. 19 Factors that affect the rate of transpiration :
Factors Temperature Increase Air movement Increase Light intensity Increase Humidity Increase Rate of transpiration increase increase increase decrease
Universal Recipient
People with blood group AB is able to receive from all the blood groups
12 The donated blood can be used either as unfiltered blood or separated into components :
Component Plasma Platelets Red Blood Cells Anaemia Bone marrow failure, Leukaemia Main uses Great loss of blood in surgery & chilbirth
20 The transport system in plants consists of xylem and phloem which are found in the leaves, stems and roots
To show the transport of water through xylem
13 Donated blood is collected in sterile plastic bags that contain an anticoagulant to prevent clotting as well as preservatives to keep the red blood cells alive. 14 Screening tests are performed for evidence of donor infection with hepatitis, AIDS and others sexual transmitted diseases.
To show the transport of synthesised food through phloem