REFRIGERATION SERVICE ENGINEERS SOCIETY = HEAT PUMP COURSE ZI I> aS mM Lesson 5 Flow Controls and Accessories UE % @URDROROREROROREAfter completing this Lesson, you will be able to: = Describe the components needed to reverse the refrigeration cycle and to allow a vapor compression system to operate as a heat pump. ® Discuss the design differences between thermostatic expansion valves used in heat pumps and those used in cooling-only applications. = Explain how distributors are utilized in heat pump systems that use TEV metering devices. = Explain how and why filter-driers are used in heat pump applications. = Identity normal superheat and subcooling values at differing operating conditions. = Describe the operating characteristics of fixed metering devices used in heat pump systems. = Name the functions performed by suction-line accumulators in heat pump applications. = Explain how and why check valves are used in heat pump systems. = Discuss the use and operation of reversing valves in heat pump applications. = Demonstrate the test procedure known as the “touch test” © Copyigit 2004 by to Ratigraion Sonic Engineers SoceyLesson 5 Flow Controls and Accessories Mineo [HE PROCESS OF DELIVERING REFRIGERANT AT THE CORRECT FLOW RATE IS | key to the successful operation of any vapor compression system. An excessive flow rate can lead to floodback of liquid refrigerant to the compressor, resulting in valve and bearing damage. An inadequate flow rate will fail to produce the system capacity expected. For a hermetic compressor, a reduced refrigerant flow rate can lead to improper cooling of the compressor ‘motor and to oil problems. The major components of a system (compressor, condenser, metering device, and evaporator) must provide conditions under which the refrigerant can change states at the rate needed to move the required heat volume. In the case of a heat pump, the task of selecting compatible components becomes even more important. The indoor and outdoor coils must serve as both condenser and evaporator. Components must be added to allow the refrigerant flow to be reversed from one season to the next, This Lesson examines those components that make a heat pump different from a cooling-only unit. First, a different type of metering device is required. Check valves are needed to direct the flow of refrigerant ither to or around the appropriate metering device. Accumulators are used to keep liquid refrigerant from reaching the compressor. In addition, special filter-driers sometimes are used in heat pump applications. None of these components could do its job if a reversing valve were not in place to direct the refrigerant flow to begin with, 750-205