1 of 3 Examzone: Student book topic tests mark scheme

Examzone 3 Waves
1 The diagram below shows a loudspeaker which sends a note of constant frequency towards a vertical metal sheet. As the microphone is moved between the loudspeaker and the metal sheet the amplitude of the vertical trace on the oscilloscope continually changes several times between maximum and minimum values. This shows that a stationary wave has been set up in the space between the loudspeaker and the metal sheet.
Metal sheet

Loudspeaker Microphone

Signal generator

To oscilloscope (time base off)

How has the stationary wave been produced? by superposition/interference (1) with a reflected wave/wave of same speed and wavelength in opposite direction (1) State how the stationary wave pattern changes when the frequency of the signal generator is doubled. Explain your answer. Maxima/nodes/equivalent are closer together (1) since wavelength is halved (1) What measurements would you take, and how would you use them, to calculate the speed of sound in air? Measure distance between minima/equivalent (1) Repeat/take average (1) Method of finding frequency (1) = 2 (nodenode)/equivalent (1) V = f (1) (Four marks maximum) other methods eligible for full marks. Suggest why the minima detected near the sheet are much smaller than those detected near the loudspeaker. Near the sheet there is almost complete cancellation (1) since incident and reflected waves are of almost equal amplitude. (1) (Total 10 marks)

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