Erosion corrosion

Erosion-corrosion

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

Erosion corrosion is an acceleration in the rate of corrosion attack in metal due to the relative motion of a corrosive fluid and a metal surface.

Corrosion mitigation

image source: Corrosion Doctors, www.corrosion-doctors.org

Example of erosion corrosion

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

Factors affecting erosion corrosion

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

pump rotor destroyed by erosion corrosion

on bare metal surface:

turbulent mixing enhances mass transfer leading to higher limiting currents and (possibly) higher corrosion rate at the same time increased turbulence sweeps any soluble corrosion products away from the surface preventing precipitation and scale formation leading to high corrosion rates

on passive surfaces
very little effect in single-phase flow damage of passive film in multi-phase flow leading to high corrosion rate
4

Corrosion mitigation

Corrosion mitigation

image source: Corrosion Doctors, www.corrosion-doctors.org

Factors affecting erosion corrosion

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

Factors affecting erosion corrosion in multiphase flow

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

on surface covered with scales:

turbulent mixing enhances mass transfer and dissolution of scale (local or global) if bulk solution under- saturated shear and normal hydrodynamic stresses (mean and fluctuating) can lead to mechanical film removal and accelerated uniform or localized corrosion

gas / liquid flow:

slugging bubble breakup bubble collapse (cavitation) inhibitor uptake or removal mechanical removal of scale mechanical damage of passive film erosion of parent metal pitting under stagnant solid deposits
6

liquid / solid flow

Corrosion mitigation

Corrosion mitigation

Factors affecting erosion corrosion

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

Cavitation
Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

flow regime
laminar turbulent

flow geometry
smooth disturbed

Cavitation occurs when a fluid's operational pressure drops below the vapor pressure causing bubbles to form and then increases causing them to violently collapse.

Corrosion mitigation

Corrosion mitigation

image source: Corrosion Doctors, www.corrosion-doctors.org

Cavitation usually happens

Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

Fretting
Introduction Electrochemical thermodynamics Electrochemical kinetics Corrosion rate measurements Various forms of corrosion
 passivity  galvanic corrosion  pitting/crevice corrosion  cracking  erosion corrosion  corrosion environments

at the suction side of a pump, especially if operating near the net positive suction head at the discharge of a valve or regulator, especially when operating in a nearclosed position at flow expansions in other processes incurring sudden pressure drops and increases

Fretting corrosion is damage at contact surfaces rubbing against each other (under load and in repeated relative surface motion, as induced for example by vibration).

Corrosion mitigation

Corrosion mitigation

image source: Corrosion Doctors, www.corrosion-doctors.org

10