y

x

y
+ collect
x
, E ,

y

x y
z
x
z
y

Plate Bending
not so long plate
previously have shown: M
2
x
w
d
d
2
:=
x
. this was for single axis bending. D
this relationship holds for the partial derivative in the respective direction fo both x and y;
assumptions:
plane cross section remains plane
small deflections w
max
< 3/4 t
stress < yield
w w(x, y) =
1
d
2
1
d
2
R
x
=
2
w(x,y)
R
y
=
dy
2
w(x,y)
dx
we are making no statement with respect to
y
(or any other ) as we did in long plate.
d
2

x
:=
R
1
x
z
x
:= z
d
d
x
2
2
w(x,y)
y
:=
R
1
y
z

y
:= z
dy
2
w(x,y)

x

x

x
:=

y

y
:=

y



y
E E E E

y
)
x
+
y
collect ,
x
, E
=>

x
:=
E
(
x
+
1
2
1 notes_23_plate_bending.mcd
dz
z
rx
ry
dy
dx
t

y
x y

t t
y
x
y
x y
y
substituting
into

y
:= z
d
2
2
w x, y)
x
:= z
d
2
2
w x, y)
x
:=
E
(
x
+ ( (
y
)
dy dx
1
2

x

E

|
z
d
d
d
w x, y) z
dy y
w x, y)
.
|
or ...

x
z
|
( (
|
1
2
\
dx x
(
d
d
d
(
( ) := z
1
E

2

\
d
d
x
2
2
w x, y) +
d
d
y
2
2
w x, y)
.
( (
similarly:

y
:= z
E

|
d
2
2
w x, y) +
d
2
2
w x, y)
|
1
2
\
dy dx
.
as in bending (applied in each of x and y direction): see figure Hughes 9.3 (below)
the lower case m denotes moment per unit length
note that the designation is changed: the subscript on the m refers to the direction of axial stress
t t

2

2
( (
( )z dz m
y
:= (
y
z dz m
x
:= (
x
z
( (

t
2 2
d d
w x, y) +
d d
w x, y) d d
w x, y) +
d
d
d
w x, y)
m
y

12
t
3
E
dy y
(
1 +
2
d
( (
1 d dx x
(
d dy y
m
x

1
t
3
E
dx x
12
1 +
2
with
E t
3

D :=
12
(
1
2
)

d
2

|
d
2 |(
(
|
d
2
d
2 |
m
x
:= D
2
w(x,y) +
2
w(x,y) m
y
:= D
2
w(x,y) +
2
w(x,y)
(

dx
\
dy
. \
dy dx
.
in the general plate case there may exist a twisting moment m
xy
we need to derive a similar expresssion for this moment
from basic shear strain relationships: :=
d
v +
d
u; := G and := G
d
v +
d
u
dx dy dx dy
2 notes_23_plate_bending.mcd
x y
t

yx
m
yx
x,u
dw/dx
u=-z*dw/dx
z
du/dy
dx
dy
dv/dx
y,v
from the geometry of the slope of w in each direction (x and y): u := z
d
w(x,y) and v := z
d
w(x,y)
dx dy
=> := 2Gz
d d
w x, y) and the twisting moment per unit length is determined by: (
dx y xd
t

2
(
(
minus sign comes from sense of mxy +
m
xy
:= ( z dz m
xy

1
t
3
G
d
d
d
w x, y)
and xy(+)*z(+) see figure Hughes 9.3
(

t
6 dy x
below
2
Et
3

(
x y
using: G:=
2 1
E
+
)
=> m
xy
:=
d
dx
|

\
d
d
w(x,y)
.
|

12
(
1 +
)
d |d
Et
3
(
1
)
multiply and divide by (1-) =>
m
xy
:=
dx y
w(x,y)
.
|

12
(
1 +
)

(
1
)

x
\
d
d |

d
Et
3

(
m
xy
:=
dx y
w(x,y)
.
|

12
(
1
2
)

(
1
)=>
m
xy
:= D 1
)

d
x
\
|

d
d
w(x,y)
|
.
(
(

x
\
d

dx y
due to the complimentary nature of shear stress
xy
:=
yx
and due to the sign convention for + moment m
xy
:= m
yx
=> m
yx
:= D
(
1
)

d |

d
w(x,y)
|(
(
x
\
d

dx y
.
3 notes_23_plate_bending.mcd
m
yx
now for equilibrium of the dx, dy, dz segment:
see Hughes figure 9.3 forces and moments in a plate (below)
x
y
t
mx
my
my+dmy/dy*dy
mx+dmx/dx*dx
qx+dqx/dx*dx
qy+dqy/dx*dx
myx+dmyx/dy*dy
mxy+dmxy/dx*dx
qy
qx
mxy
myx
z
Hughes figure 9.3 forces and moments in a plate
q in this context is the shear force per unit length on each face:
q
x
* the distance dy is the force on the x face etc...
equilibrium of vertical forces => p is the lateral (+z direction) load per unit area - not shown on figure

q
x
+

|d
q
x
|
dx

(
(
dy q
x
dy +

q
y
+
|

\
d
d
y
q
y
.
|
dy

(
(
dx q
y
dx + p dxdy = 0
=>
d
d
x
q
x
+
d
d
y
q
y
+ p = 0
\
dx
.
moments wrt the x axis =>

m
xy
+
\

|
d
d
x
m
xy
|
.
dx

(
(
dy m
xy
dy + m
y
dx

m
y
+
|

\
d
d
y
m
y
.
|
dy
(
(

dx + q
y
dxdy = 0 =>
d
d
x
m
xy

d
d
y
m
y
+ q
y

= 0
and similarly: taking moments wrt the y-axis =>
d d
dy
m
yx
+
dx
m
x
q
x
= 0
or ... since
m
xy
:= m
yx

|
\

d
d
y
m
xy
|
.
+
d
d
x
m
x
q
x
= 0
4 notes_23_plate_bending.mcd
x y
substituting the moment relations
|d | d |d | d
+ q
x
:=
\

dy
m
xy
.
+
dx
m
x
and q
y
:=
\

dx
m
xy
.
dy
m
y
into the shear equation =>
d
d
x

|
\

d
d
y
m
xy
|
.
+
d
d
x
m
x
(
(

+
d
d
y

|
\

d
d
x
m
xy
.
|
+
d
d
y
m
y(

(
+ p = 0
d
2
d d d
2
2
m
x
2
dx y
m
yx
+
dy
2
m
y
+ p = 0
dx
d
substituting the relations fro m
x
, m
y
and m
xy
above =>
d d

(
d
2
2

d
d
x
2
2
w(x,y) +

\
|
d
d
y
2
2
w(x,y)
.
|
(
(

(
(
(

(
2
dx y
D 1
)

d
\
|

d
d
w(x,y)
|
(
(
(
(
+
d
2
2

|
d
2
2
w(x,y) +
d
d
x
2
2
w(x,y)
|
.
(
(
(


dx

dx y
. dy
\
dy
= -p
the terms with cancel and the result is:
d
4
4
w(x,y) + 2
d
2
2
d
2
2
w(x,y) +
d
4
4
w(x,y) =
p
dx dx dy dy
D
5 notes_23_plate_bending.mcd