REVISION EXERCISE 3 Question 1: Word Classes (20 marks) (a) Read the following passage carefully and identify

the word class of each underlined word. An example is given. There has been (0) public outcry on the crime rate in urban areas recently. Citizens have (1) openly expressed their concerns on petty-thefts, break-ins and snatch thefts, which in (2) some cases have led to serious injury and even death. Our police force, despite its limited resources and funds has been hardpressed to keep up with the (3) rapid development and an equally rapid migration to urban centres. However, the consolation is that the cries for help have not fallen on deaf ears. On Wednesday, the Home Minister announced that additional (4) funds will be made available to buy motorcycles and (5) deploy mobile police stations in 50 areas in four states which have been identified as hotspots. However, the task of combating crime should not be left to the police (6) alone. The public too have to play their role and only an efficient and workable relationship (7) between all parties will help reduce crime. Public apathy is not something new to our society. (8) Many take the stand that as long as they are not affected, it is not their business to alert the police on suspicious activities in the neighbourhood. Even after the criminals are apprehended, the police find it difficult to convince the courts to punish them because witnesses are reluctant to come forward. No amount of extra policemen or extra motorcycles will work (9) unless there is a concerted effort by citizens of this country to join our policemen and women and look at fighting crime as a joint responsibility. If (10) this does not happen, dont just heap the blame on the police. Ask yourselves: What role have I played in supporting the police? And remember, it takes two to tango.
Extract taken from The Sun, 2 Oct 2009

No. Example: ( 0 ) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

Word public openly some rapid funds deploy alone between Many unless this

Word Class Noun

(10 marks)

(b)

Each of the following sentences contains a word class error. Correct the error by re-writing the sentence. Use word class grammar terminology to explain the error. An example is given. Example (0) It is rain dogs and cats now. Correction : It is raining dogs and cats now. noun rain. Explanation : The verb raining should be used instead of the

(1)

All races must live in peaceful and harmony. Correction :______________________________________________

Explanation :______________________________________________

(2)

The famous actor dead in that accident. Correction :______________________________________________

Explanation :______________________________________________

(3)

The analysis was done by a computer Correction :______________________________________________

Explanation :______________________________________________

(4)

The driver made a dangerously mistake. Correction :______________________________________________

Explanation :______________________________________________ Help ones neighbours is normal in my hometown. Correction :______________________________________________

(5)

Explanation :______________________________________________

(10 marks)

Question 2: Verbs and Tenses (20 marks) (a) Each of the sentences below contains an error. You are required to: i. ii. Identify the error and state the correct answer provide an explanation for your answer.

An example is given. (0) This programme can be use only by students majoring in this field of study. Correction : This programme can be used only by students majoring in this field of study. : The passive be auxiliary is followed by a past participle verb form. 2

Rule

1. My father took a shower after he had arrange the books in the cupboard. Correction : _____________________________________________

Rule

: ____________________________________________

2. The students were queued up to submit their assignments when the shooting started. Correction : _____________________________________________

Rule

: ____________________________________________

3. Three quarter of the fish in the basket is caught this morning. Correction : _____________________________________________

Rule

: ____________________________________________

4. More accidents happened at home than in other places. Correction : _____________________________________________

Rule

: ____________________________________________

5. He does not working at the old folks home every weekend. Correction : _____________________________________________

Rule

: ____________________________________________ (10 marks)

(b)

Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets in the passage below. State the tenses of the verbs which you have filled in. Write your answers in the column provided in the table. An example is given.

There (0) _______ (be) every reason to believe that gadget design (1) __________ (continue) to develop in the future and that the consumers of 2010 (2) _____________ (spend) more money than ever on all sorts of strange devices. The eighties (3) __________(see) very big advance in technology, which (4) ______________(use) to manufacture the wide range of products that you can buy off the streets, like pocket and watch computer, calculators, portable stereo units, and car and mobile telephones. By the 21st century, however, gadget of the eighties, which (5) __________(be) sophisticated and trendy, will seem old-fashioned.

No. (0) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

VERB be continue spend see use be

VERB FORM is

VERB TENSE Simple Present

(10 marks) Question 3: Phrases and Clauses (10 marks) (a) Complete the sentences given using the type of phrases as stated in the bracket. An example is given. Example: (0) The people in England enjoy supporting their favourite football club in the Prima League. (verb phrase) 4

(1) The impact of the Dubai economic crisis has threatened a number of countries _________________________________________________ (prepositional phrase)

(2) If you asked her to cook ___________________________ for you, you would probably be very disappointed. (noun phrase)

(3) Dad told us the saddest news _________________________. (adverbial phrase)

(4) The forensic evidence suggests that serial killer in this case is suffering from a form of brain disorder which is __________________________. (adjectival phrase)

(5) ________________________________________________was his last mission in space. (noun phrase) (10 marks)

(b)

State whether the dependant clauses in the sentences below are adverbial, adjectival or noun clauses and provide their syntactic functions. Write your answers in the columns provided. An example is given.

No.

Sentences

Types of dependent Clause

Syntactic function

Example: (0) A big crowd had gathered at the crime scene when the police arrived The nomination committee decided that he should be the chairman of the annual conference. The Portuguese restaurant in Macau is well-known for its egg tart. I cannot find the restaurant where we had our first date years ago. He wouldnt have gotten into so much trouble if she had brought along the GST device I gave her last night. Sun Tzu, who wrote The Art of War, was a very successful general in the Chinese Imperial Army in ancient times. Adverbial Adverbial

(1)

(2)

(3) (4)

(5)

(10 marks)

Question 4: Cohesive Devices (10 marks) (a) Read the text below. State the referent of each word in bold in the column provided. An example is given.

It was not until Chloe Levine was nine months old that her parents noticed something was wrong. (0) She could not unclench her right fist or raise her arms above her head. Later, as she began to try to crawl, she would drag her inert right leg behind her. Doctors had failed to realize that Chloe had suffered a stroke in her mothers womb, leaving her brain-damaged and crippled by cerebral palsy. (1) It was the most awful thing to discover, says Jenny, Chloes mother. After (2) they told us the diagnosis, we were in a shock.

But there was one ray of hope. When Chloe was born in 2006, her parents had paid to save the blood from her umbilical cord, which is rich in stem cells. (3) These are the master cells that can transform themselves into any of the thousands of specialised cells in our bodies. Shortly after the diagnosis, (4) we went to see the neurologist and asked (5) him if there was any use for the stem cells for Chloe and he told us flat out No, says Jenny, from Denver, Colorado. He said that we were looking at 17 years of therapy. She would improve but she would never lead a normal life.
Excerpt taken from Readers Digest, Nov. 2009

Cohesive Device (0) she (1) it (2) they (3) these (4) we (5) him

Referent Chloe Levine

(b)

State whether the words or phrases in bold in the following sentences are logical, lexical or grammatical devices. An example is given.

No. (0)

Sentence Example: He did not stop gambling despite being advised to do so. As a result, his wife left him. They went to Europe for a holiday. During the three week vacation, they visited many places of interest. The dog would not leave the house. Although John tempted it with a drumstick, it would not move at all. The robbers tried to escape by air. They went to the airport hoping to get a flight out of the country. Here they were caught by the police. Toby thought that a cruise by boat would be romantic. Unfortunately, the vessel rocked so much that his bride was sick for most part of their honeymoon. The production line came to a halt because of the errors made by some workers. Subsequently, a new guideline was issued to all the employees.

Cohesive device logical

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(5 marks)

Question 5: Sentence Types and Patterns (20 marks) Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Many feel that reading is threatened by other distractions in our contemporary fastpaced life. However, it remains an essential life skill. The earlier a child learns to read, the better a reader he will be. Children who read early are often more successful in school and later in life, says Peter Milne, Young Learners coordinator at the British Council in Kuala Lumpur. Early investment will pay dividends as they progress to reading more challenging books by themselves. The development of reading skills begins the minute your child picks up a book and you begin to share books with him, says a spokesperson from the Lorna Whiston study centre. By the age of five, most children show signs of being ready to read and this is the time to harness their enthusiasm. Read to your child daily but keep the sessions short. The sessions fulfills two roles. It is a special time of bonding between the child and the parent, says Dr.Susan Tan, head of the child and adolescent psychiatry unit in the faculty of medicine at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. It also gives the child an insight into what reading is all about.

Adapted from The Star, 2 Oct 2009

(a)

Identify four simple sentences, three compound sentences and three complex sentences from the text. Simple sentences 1. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

2.

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

3.

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

4.

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

Compound Sentences (1) ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

(2)

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

(3)

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

Complex sentences (1) ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

(2)

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

(3)

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ (10 marks) 10

(b)

(i)

Analyse the following sentences according to their elements. Parse and label the elements as follows. An example is given. V - verb iO - indirect object A adverbial dO - direct object

S - subject

C - complement Example

(0)

S V iO A /The teacher/ has taken/ the exercise book/to the staffroom./

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Planting rice is a very strenuous job. John fed his dog a piece of bone. Sally is taking her daughter to Hong Kong next summer. The soup is absolutely delicious. Tom found the lesson difficult. (5 marks)

(ii)

Construct one sentence OF YOUR OWN for each of the following sentence patterns. An example is given. Example:

0.

SV

She smiled.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

SVO SVCA SVOC SVOO SVA

_________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________

_________________________________________ (5 marks)

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Question 6: Reporting structures (15 marks) Transform the following sentences from reporting speech to reported speech. For each transformation, state one rule, other than the change in punctuation marks, that you have applied in the reported clause. You should provide evidence from the clause to support the rule you have stated. The security guard said, Sir, you cant park your car here. : The security guard told me that I couldnt park there. Change in the expression of place. here is changed to there

Example:

Transformation

Rule Evidence

: :

1.

The manager said, I have booked your flight ticket to Kowloon. Transformation Rule Evidence : : : ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

2.

The fisherman told his children, We dont usually go out to sea in this weather. Transformation Rule Evidence : : : ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

3.

She said, Take this flask, fill it up with hot wate r and give it to that patient. Transformation Rule Evidence : : : ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

4.

Im sorry Mr. Chen, your car engine cannot be repaired any longer.

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Transformation Rule Evidence

: : :

___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

5.

The pilot said, We will be touching down in KL International Airport soon. Transformation Rule Evidence : : : ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ (15 marks)

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