Unit 4 Study Guide

VALU 191 The Environment and Society 4/11/2013

Test covers materials in articles 19 through 21 of the text, supplemental lecture material for units 4 and vocabulary terms assigned for unit 4. There will be 10 questions selected from the 3 articles (taken from the list below). There will also be 13 questions taken from the supplemental material. There will be 10 of the 20 vocabulary terms on the test as well. Questions will primarily be multiple choices, true/false, short answer and fill-in-theblank (for vocabulary only).

Unit 4 Vocabulary Terms (Fill-in-the-blank questions on test)

1. Invasive alien species 2. Habitat 3. Stewardship 4. Bioprospecting 5. Ecosystem 6. Risk assessment 7. Biodiversity 8. Biosecurity 9. Eutrophication 10. Convention on Biological Diversity

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Ballast water Coral reef Endemic species Biosphere Biological control Extinction Ecotourism Sustainable agriculture Natural resource Conservation banking

Article 19: Strangers in our Midst 1. Where is the problem of biodiversity loss due to invasive alien species most acute? 2. What is the leading reason for all animal extinctions since 1600 where the cause is known? 3. What is the most effective and least costly approache to dealing with invasive species that have already arrived in a location? 4. What controversy frequently arises as a result of efforts to kill invasive species? Article 20: Americas Coral Reefs: Awash with Problems 1. Where is the world's third largest barrier reef located? 2. Where has coral cover been reduced by 80% during the last 30 years (an area where many reefs are under U.S. jurisdiction)? 3. Who has jurisdiction in our government for some of the most pristine reefs in the U.S. such as the reefs of Johnston Atoll in the central Pacific? 4. How is coral reef vulnerable to warming? Article 21: Markets for Biodiversity Services 1. What ecosystem or type of land makes up the great majority of protected acres worldwide? 2. What does the dominant model of conservation for different ecosystems seek to do? 3. How can biodiversity be effectively conserved? 4. How has private-sector demand for biodiversity affected ecosystems?

Unit 4 Study Guide

VALU 191 The Environment and Society 4/11/2013

Supplemental Lecture Material 1. What is the difference between an inland wetland and a coastal wetland? 2. What are some characteristics of a wetland? 3. What are some benefits of wetlands? 4. Why is preservation of wetlands more difficult than preservation of other habitats? 5. What is the difference between "endangered" and "threatened" for species? 6. What causes threatened or endangered species? 7. Why is biodiversity important? 8. What are the leading causes for extinction? 9. What are the impacts in the U.S. from invasive species? 10. What is the significance of ballast water with regard to environmental impact? 11. What are some characteristics of forests? 12. What is the difference in the view between utilitarian & preservationist in protecting public land? 13. What is "clear-cutting"? 14. What is the issue of using public lands for ranging? 15. According to the National Wilderness Preservation System what are the four characteristics of a wilderness?