Revision Code Reference Sheet

Code
1s 1sF 2BF 2G 2AN 2N 2Adj 2Ad 2s+ 2sE 2poss 2it 2W 3 3FA 3M 3MN 4M 4Mp 4Mw 4s 4pp 4MF 4Mp 4W 4MC 4pass 4PN 4ppF 4pF 4PC 3DNE 3TH 3U 1p 1pF 2INF 2G 1#

Explantation What to revise:

1s 1sF = Use singular form = Error forming singular = Use base form of verb, e.g. visit 1p = Use plural form 1pF = Error forming plural 1 # = Agreement in number necessary

2INFe 2BF 2GP 2G 2AN 2NCN 2N 2Adv 2Adj 2Ad 2s+

2INF = Use infinitive form of verb, e.g. to visit 2INFe = Error forming infinitive = Use gerund form of verb, e.g. visiting 2G = Do not use gerund form 2GP = Use preposition of + gerund = Do not use definite article the before abstract nouns = Use noun form of word 2NCN = Non-count nouns are never pluralized or preceded by a / an = Use adjective form 2Adv = Use adverb form = Adjectives are always singular in English (Note: Nouns used as adjectives & multi-word-modifier phrases must remain singular) = Add final S to 3rd-person-singular present-tense verbs

2sE

= Make sure to add S to the end of the verb, and not to the subject of the verb

2poss = In English, the owners gender determines which possessive adjective (his/her) you must use if the owner is male, then you must use his, and if the owner is female you must use her, e.g. Mary asked her brother for help. / Robert asked his mother for help. 2it 2W 3 3FA 3M 3MN = Pronoun it can only refer to an object,, animal, concept , not a person Possessive form its can not be used if owner is a person = Relative pronouns: [who = refers to a person] vs. [which and that = refer to objects, animals, concepts]
.

= Change word choice 3DNE = This is not a word or expression in English 3TH = Use though, not if = Look up English meaning and usage of word at www.dictionary.com 3U = Not idiomatic (should be reformulated) = Mrs = a legally married woman; Miss = a legally unmarried woman; Ms = neutral = Mrs/ Miss/ Ms/ Mr must be followed by the persons last name, not just the persons first name

4M = Use different modal verb 4MF = Modal-verb syntax error 4Mp = Use past modal (modal + have + past participle) 4W = Use modal verb would to indicate past habitual action 4MC = Use modal verb can to indicate present possibility 4MCd = Use could as past form of can 4s 4pp = Use subjunctive voice = Use past participle 4pass = Use passive voice 4ppF = Past-participle form incorrect 4P = Do not use passive voice

4 4p 4PR 4PT 4PRF 4PRA 4PPCe 5+ 5AN 5a+ 5b+ 8 9 9Com 9d 9h+ 9Hp 9APS 9p 5 5R 5a 5b 8#

4 = Change verb tense 4p = Use past tense 4pF = Past-tense form Incorrect 4PR = Use present perfect tense 4PT = Use simple present tense 4PC = Use present continuous tense 4PRF = Present perfect can not be used if you mention/ suggest when action took place 4PRA = Present perfect can be used to indicate a persons actions only if the person is still alive 4PPCe = Present perfect continuous indicates that action is still in progress now 5+ 5AN 5a + 5b + 8 9 9Com 9d 9h + 9Hp = Add word(s) to make clearer 5 = Change indefinite article (a vs. an) 5R = Add indefinite article (a or an) 5a = Add definite article (the) 5b = Omit word(s) = Redundant or wordy construction = Omit indefinite article (a or an) = Omit definite article (the) 8#2W = two words 5C 5S 5R+ 5R = Use comparative = Use superlative = Use reflexive pronoun = Do not use reflexive form

5C 5S 5R + 5R 8#H

= Spelling error

8#1W = one word

9#H = one word, remove hyphen

9+ 9 9Col 9SC 9e 9h

= Change punctuation 9+ = Add punctuation 9 = Omit punctuation = Use comma (,) 9Col = Use colon (:) 9SC = Use semicolon (;) = Use a dash to show a break in thought 9e = Do not use eliptical dots () = Add a hyphen 9h = Omit hyphen = In English, two-word geographical names are almost never hyphenated, e.g. Nova Scotia, United States, Hong Kong

9APS+

9 or 9 9# 9desc 9$ 9Ex

9APS = Do not use apostrophe followed by s 9APS+ = Use apostrophe followed by s, e.g. Johns bicycle 9p = In English there should never be a space before colons (:), exclamation marks (!), question marks (?), or between parentheses/ quotation marks and the words that they surround, e.g. (hello), not ( hello ); hello, not hello 9 = You must use English quotation marks ( ), not French quotation marks ( ) 9# = Numbers smaller than 10 should be written as words, and those greater than nine as digits (e.g. two vs. 25) 9dec = In English, you must use a period to indicate the decimal; the comma indicates thousands 9$ = In English, you must place the currency marker before the number 9Ex = In English, exclamation marks are reserved for indicating strong emotion (they are equivalent to yelling) and should be used

sparingly, since they can make a text sound sarcastic or aggressive. Use a stronger verb or an adjective instead.

Copyright C.C. Godawa 2009 All rights reserved. Reproduction, dissemination, sharing and reuse prohibited without prior written permission of author.

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Revision Code Reference Sheet

Code
10L 10C 10T 10AC 14C 14N 14 14W 14YW

Explantation What to revise:

10L = Use lowercase Example: uppercase = C vs. lowercase = c 10C = Use uppercase (Note: Always begin with uppercase: days, months, languages, nationalities (noun& adjective forms) & the pronoun I) 10T = In titles, a capital letter must be used to begin each word (except for prepositions and articles, unless they are the first word) 10AC= Do not use all capital letters; standard use of uppercase and lowercase letters required 14C 14N 14 14YW 16A = Using contractions is too informal/ not appropriate in this context = Using only first name is too informal / inappropriate/ disrespectful unless the person is family or friend = Diction: Words used are too informal 14W = Avoid using first person in research papers = Use impersonal pronoun you, not we, to make generalizations = Awkward or difficult to understand (should be reformulated) = Inversion (reverse the order of these words) = Fragment (sentence is incomplete) = Syntax error 16U = Ambiguous, vague or unclear 16D = Move this text 16TL = Run-on sentence (sentence is too long) 16MM = Misplaced modifier 18 = Combine sentences 18SK = Skip to next line

16A 16F 16S

16U 16D 16TL 16MM

16F 16S

18FS 18PS 18 18PP 18NP 18SK 18DNS 18SKP 18TH/WH 19 20 19+ 20+ 20

18FS 18PP 18DNS 18SKP 19 20

= Combine with following sentence 18PS = Combine with preceding sentence = Combine with preceding paragraph 18NP = Begin new paragraph

= Do not split up dates; numbers; title + name, e.g. Mr. = name; first name + last name. Move everything to next line instead. = Add a page break here 18TH/WH = Merge by replacing This at beginning of sentence with which and period at end of preceding sentence with comma
= Change linking word(s) = Change preposition = = = = = 19 + 20 + = Add linking word(s) = Add preposition 20 = Omit preposition

21 ATT 21 Bib 21 Bib ++ 21 Bib # 21 Bib-S 21 Bib-ST

21ATT 21Bib 21Bib ++ 21Bib # 21Bib-S

Quote must be accompanied by attribution, e.g. He said, xxxx. / According to___, xxxx. Required list of sources/ bibliographical references is missing You must provide: Name of website/ article title, date & author (if avail.), date of last revision, date accessed You must list the pages consulted (e.g. pp 103, 105-110, 129), and not the total number of pages in the book (e.g. not 159 pages) You must provide a reference to the source for this information 21Bib-ST= You must use standard bibliographical formatting

21 # 21 Ab 21 etc 21GN (or 21G) 21 ADF 21 ADFp 21 C 21 Date

21# 21Ab 21etc 21GN 21ADF 21ADFp 21C 21Date

= = = =

Stylistics: Do not begin a sentence with a number as the first word You must use the full form followed by abbreviation in parentheses, then use the abbreviation subsequently Avoid using etc. (= vague, imprecise or inappropriate in this context) Use gender-neutral language, e.g. Students should consult their tutor. vs. The student should consult his tutor.

= In English, the senders address must be placed at the top of the first page of correspondence = In English, the recipients address must be placed on the left, above the name of the recipient = City is used as part of a place name only if a region/ province/ state/ country/ ocean/ lake has the same name, e.g. Mexico City = One sole date format must be used consistently throughout the same text, e.g. Day / Month/ Year, or Month/ Day/ Year

21 Mar+ 21 DNT 21 Para 21 WL

21DD

21Mar+ 21DNT 21Para 21WL

= One-inch margins required on all sides of page

21DD = Assignments must be double-spaced

= Official names must be left in their source language unless an officially recognized form exists in English
= This information should be paraphrased or summarized in English

= This information must be written in English; / Generic information that is not part of a title or name must be written in English

Copyright C.C. Godawa 2009 All rights reserved. Reproduction, dissemination, sharing and reuse prohibited without prior written permission of author.

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