Course 28. Fluid Machinery (Web Course) Faculty Coordinator(s) : 1. Prof. Anoop. K.

Dass Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati North Guwahati, Guwahati 781039 Email :

anoop@iitg.ernet.in
Off : 2582654 2584654 Res :

Telephone : (91- 361)

Detailed Syllabus : PART I: General Considerations Introduction Module-1: Nomenclature Concepts Theoretical aspects L1: Classification of Fluid Machinery, stage, stator, rotor L2: Cylindrical co-ordinate system, Moment of momentum, notations L3: Euler Equation for turbomachinery L4: Concept of relative velocity, Velocity-vector equation, Velocity triangle L5: Performance indices like power, efficiency Module-2: Dimensional Analysis & Similitude L6: Dimensional Analysis L7: Similitude PART II: Hydraulic Turbines Introduction Module-3: Impulse Turbines L8 & L9: Pelton wheel, its geometry and working; performance parameters; conditions for optimum operation L10: Brief description of a hydel plant; need for governing; governing technique Module-4: Reaction Turbines L11: Radial-flow reaction (Francis) turbine; geometry and working; flow at entry; velocity diagram. L12: Francis turbine contd.; net head across a reaction turbine; draft tube; justification of inward flow arrangement; flow rate; performance parameters; L13: Axial-flow reaction (propeller and Kaplan turbine); geometry and working; velocity diagram; performance parameters. L14: Draft tube and cavitation; net positive suction head (NPSH); Installation of reaction turbines. (Note: An additional lecture may be necessary) Module-5: Dimensional Analysis & Similitude L15: Dimensional Analysis; head, flow and power coefficient; nondimensional specific speed. L16: Similitude; geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity.

PART III: Rotodynamic Pumps Introduction Module-6: Centrifugal pumps L17: Types; geometry and working; elementary pump theory; Euler equation; Bernoulli equation in rotating coordinates L18: Velocity diagrams at entry and exit of the impeller; output and performance parameters manometric head, manometric efficiency, overall efficiency; effect of blade angle on pump head. L19: Pump performance curves and similarity rules; NPSH and cavitation; specific speed for pumps; pumps andf fluid networks. Module-7: Axial-flow and Mixed-flow Pumps L 20 & L21: Specific speed and variation of shape; axial-flow pump theory; performance of axial- and mixed-flow pumps. Module-8: general Aspects L22 & L23: Matching of pumps to system characteristics; pumps combined in parallel; multistage pumps.

PART IV: Positive Displacement Pumps Introduction Module-9: Reciprocating pumps L24: Geometry and working; installation; pressure diagram; pump head and efficiency. L25: Discharge and its variation with crank angle; pump with air cylinders indicator diagram; theoretical and actual characteristic. Module-10: Rotary Pumps L26 & L27: Gear pump and performance curves; rotary vane pump and characteristics; screw pump.

PART V: Compressors Introduction Module-11: Centrifugal Compressors L28: Geometry, definitions, working; velocity diagrams across the impeller. L29: Theoretical analysis; enthalpy-entropy diagram of a stage; energy equation for the inlet casing, impeller and diffuser; conservation of rothalpy. L30: Inlet velocity limitations; optimum design of inlet; slip factor and correlations. L31: Head increase; performance efficiency; effect of vane angle; diffuser system; Module-12: 2D Compressor Cascade L32 & L33: Two-dimensional cascades; cascade nomenclature; Cascade forces lift and drag; cascade efficiency; losses; cascade correlations. Module-13: Axial-flow Compressors L34: Geometry and working; stage stator and rotor blading; velocity diagram across the rotor; L35: Thermodynamics of the compressor stage; enthalpy-entropy diagram for a stage; energy equation across the rotor and the diffuser; degree of reaction; stage loading; off-design performance.

L36: Stage pressure rise; pressure ratio of a multistage compressor; work done factor; efficiency; L37: Stall and surge phenomenon; control of flow instabilities; axial-flow ducted fans. Module-14: Reciprocating Compressors L38: Geometry and working; cycle analysis; actual indicator diagram, isothermal and volumetric efficiency. L39: Effect of multistage compression on volumetric efficiency; effect of intercooling; work of a multistage compressor.

PART VI: Miscelleneous Introduction Module-15: Hydraulic Transmissions L40: Fluid coupling L41: Torque converter Module-16: Wind Turbine L42 & L43: Horizontal axis turbine and associated fluid mechanics; geometry and working; general aspects. Module-17: Power from sea wave L44: The Wells turbine Module-18: Pure Reaction Turbine L45: Lawn sprinkler etc. (One or two additional lectures may be added later; minor shifting of topics from one lecture to another may be a necessity at the time of actual development of the course material)

Books: 1. 2. 3. S.L.Dixon, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, 4e, Butterworth and Heinemann, 1998 (Main text book). J.F.Douglas, J.M.Gasiorek and J.A.Swaffield, Fluid Mechanics, 3e (Ch 22, 23, 24 & 25), Addison-Wesley, 1995 (International Student Edition 1999) B.S.Massey, Mechanics of Fluids, 5e (Ch. 14 &9), Van Nostrand Reinhold (U.K.), 1983. H.I.H.Saravanamutto, G.F.C.Rogers and H.Cohen, Gas Turbine Theory, 5e (Ch. 4 & 5) Pearson Education (Singapore), 2001.