Carbon black reinforced styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)

Description
The material Styrene Butadiene Copolymer Rubber (SBR) is the synthetic rubber that is most widely used and has the highest production volume. It is nearly always compounded with reinforcing fillers such as carbon black. Strengths: When filled, its strength approaches natural rubber (NR) and polychloroprene. Similar chemical and physical properties to NR and somewhat better abrasion resistance. Limitations: Weaker and lower fatigue resistance than natural rubber (it does not undergo strain-induced crystallation) especially when unfilled. Like NR: prone to oxidation, degrades in ozone, swells readily in hydrocarbon fluids with loss of properties. Composition (summary) Copolymer of 23% styrene (CH2CH(C6H5))n and 77% butadiene (CH2CH=CHCH2)m reinforced with typically 30% Carbon Black Image

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Caption Styrene Butadiene Rubber is the most popular synthetic rubber in tyres.

General properties
Density Price Date first used ("-" means BC) 70.5 * 1.71 1932 71.8 1.88 lb/ft^3 USD/lb

Mechanical properties
Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson's ratio Yield strength (elastic limit) Tensile strength Compressive strength Elongation Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles Fracture toughness Mechanical loss coefficient (tan delta) 5.51e-4 * 1.74e-4 * 0.218 0.48 2.32 2.32 * 2.78 320 * 0.928 * 0.892 * 0.08 8.7e-4 2.9e-4 0.29 0.496 3.77 3.77 4.53 550 1.51 0.978 0.14 10^6 psi 10^6 psi 10^6 psi ksi ksi ksi % strain ksi ksi.in^0.5

Thermal properties
Glass temperature Maximum service temperature Minimum service temperature Thermal conductor or insulator? Thermal conductivity Specific heat capacity -83.2 - -61.6 158 - 230 -58 - -40 Poor insulator 0.231 - 0.52 F F F BTU.ft/h.ft^2.F

Values marked * are estimates. Granta Design provides no warranty for the accuracy of this data

Carbon black reinforced styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)

Thermal expansion coefficient 0.346 88.9 0.382 100 BTU/lb. F strain/ F

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Electrical properties
Electrical conductor or insulator? Electrical resistivity Poor insulator 1e10 - 1e16 ohm.cm

Optical properties
Transparency Opaque

Processability
Moldability 3 4

Durability: water and aqueous solutions

Water (fresh) Water (salt) Soils, acidic (peat) Soils, alkaline (clay) Wine Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent

Durability: acids
Acetic acid (10%) Acetic acid (glacial) Citric acid (10%) Hydrochloric acid (10%) Hydrochloric acid (36%) Hydrofluoric acid (40%) Nitric acid (10%) Nitric acid (70%) Phosphoric acid (10%) Phosphoric acid (85%) Sulfuric acid (10%) Sulfuric acid (70%) Excellent Limited use Excellent Excellent Limited use Acceptable Limited use Unacceptable Excellent Excellent Excellent Unacceptable

Durability: alkalis
Sodium hydroxide (10%) Sodium hydroxide (60%) Excellent Excellent

Durability: fuels, oils and solvents

Amyl acetate Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Crude oil Diesel oil Lubricating oil Paraffin oil (kerosene) Petrol (gasoline) Silicone fluids Toluene Turpentine Vegetable oils (general) White spirit Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Excellent Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Excellent

Durability: alcohols, aldehydes, ketones

Acetaldehyde Acetone Unacceptable Limited use

Values marked * are estimates. Granta Design provides no warranty for the accuracy of this data

Carbon black reinforced styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) Ethylene glycol Formaldehyde (40%) Glycerol Methyl alcohol (methanol) Excellent Excellent Limited use Excellent Excellent

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Durability: halogens and gases

Chlorine gas (dry) Fluorine (gas) O2 (oxygen gas) Sulfur dioxide (gas) Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable

Durability: built environments

Industrial atmosphere Rural atmosphere Marine atmosphere UV radiation (sunlight) Excellent Excellent Excellent Fair

Durability: flammability
Flammability Highly flammable

Durability: thermal environments

Tolerance to cryogenic temperatures Tolerance up to 150 C (302 F) Tolerance up to 250 C (482 F) Tolerance up to 450 C (842 F) Tolerance up to 850 C (1562 F) Tolerance above 850 C (1562 F) Unacceptable Acceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable

Geo-economic data for principal component

Annual world production Reserves 1.01e7 * 2.85e8 1.04e7 2.9e8 ton/yr l. ton

Primary material production: energy, CO2 and water

Embodied energy, primary production CO2 footprint, primary production Water usage Eco-indicator 99 * 1.21e4 * 6.29 * 7.63 342 1.34e4 6.95 22.9 kcal/lb lb/lb gal(US)/lb millipoints/kg

Material processing: energy

Polymer molding energy Grinding energy (per unit wt removed) * 1.67e3 * 182 1.84e3 200 kcal/lb kcal/lb

Material processing: CO2 footprint

Polymer molding CO2 Grinding CO2 (per unit wt removed) * 1.23 * 0.126 1.36 0.139 lb/lb lb/lb

Material recycling: energy, CO2 and recycle fraction

Recycle Recycle fraction in current supply Downcycle Combust for energy recovery Heat of combustion (net) Combustion CO2 Landfill Biodegrade Toxicity rating 0.1 %

* 4.68e3 * 3.11

4.91e3 3.27

kcal/lb lb/lb

Non-toxic
Values marked * are estimates. Granta Design provides no warranty for the accuracy of this data

Carbon black reinforced styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)

A renewable resource? Environmental notes Styrene Butadiene elastomers are thermosets, and thus cannot be recycled. Their disposal creates an environmental problem.

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Supporting information
Design guidelines SBR is much weaker than NR if unfilled, but gains similar strength by compounding with 30-50 wt% carbon black. Typical uses Car and truck tires, belt, hose, footwear

Links
Reference ProcessUniverse Producers

Values marked * are estimates. Granta Design provides no warranty for the accuracy of this data