Week 1

wed intro to the embedded systems,small,medium and large scale es from Raj Kamal ch 1.11,real time os (RTOS) components of the 02/01 (zmp) embedded system,processors : von-neumam and hardward architecture. RISC vs CISC,SIMD MIMD and superscalar processor, pipeline processing . intro to 8051,detailed architecture,pin diagram.Ayala ch 2 (posted) transistor revolution, development of digital logic families, semiconductor physics and equations review. overview ch 3 : Data Communication issues from stallings 8th ed **, ch6 6.1,6.2,6.3,6.5 and overview of 6.4(to be continued maybe!!). **(https://docs.google.com/open? id=0B8J6rn43NndeeUFCdVRDdThrSFk) only overview in class and lab The book to be followed is Fiber optic communication by VM sir.

ES
fri

thurs 03/01 (zmp) 04/01 RP 02/01 (ADD) 02/01 (Div) 04/01 (div)

DIC wed
wed

DCN

fri

FOC

Week 2
wed 09/01 (zmp) RISC architecture time period and efficiency,typical pipeline,memories and timers-counters,RTC,watch dog timer. on board and external communication, I/O,software development (assembly and C) Port architecture(0,1,2,3), addressing modes,arithmetic and logical instruction instructions. RTL- fanout,propogation delay,nor,wired anding, convention: Rc=640,Rb=450,Vcc=3v,Vbe(sat)=0.75,Vce(sat)=0.2 Loading capacitance,V1=0.8,Ic=4.4m,Ib=0.1m,B=50 Fanout for n o/p gates with Vy=[0.65 0.64 ....0.64]n Io=100+(n-1)320=3400u,Io=(3-0.8)/640=3.4m,so n=11.

ES

thurs 10/01 (zmp) fri 11/01 RP

mon

07/01 (AJ) 10/01 (AJ)

DIC
thur

wed

09/01 (AR) Div

Protocol architecture-different layers,multilayer communication, TCP/IP layers, Concept of framing, physical and ogical address, flag and esc characters in a frame for asynchronous distinction. Esc for esc can be avoided by bit stuffing the dummy esc character. Forouzen 4th ed 11.1 Framing (**https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8J6rn43NndeVVVFZVdqNy1t S1k/edit)

DCN
fri 11/01 (div)

mon

Advantages : 1] carry large amount of data 2] higher data rate (10Gb/s) 3] no electric current or EMI 4] good security 5] no corrosion in water 07/01 (PNP) Disadvantage : higher initial infrastructural cost and problem of splicing. Elements of tx link: optical source/optical modulator<-- i/p/fiber medium/detector/demod/o/p signal.

FOC

tues fri

08/01 (VM) 11/01 (VM)

General requirements of the light source,types of sources and spectral intensity, Absorption ,spontaneous and stimulated emission of ratiation,Einstein relations,population inversion,fabri-parot cavity resonator,major loss.

Week 3 ES
wed RTS- real time system, hard and soft RTS, value vs tardiness,examples,performance parameters of SRTS, RTOS 16/01 (zmp) definition ,app s/w to hardware hiearchy. ( All from slides)

thurs 17/01 (zmp) ( All from slides) what is process or task,status and state siagram for process, jobs of RTOS: scheduling the process memory allocation IO management this memory is called kernal area,which is not interrupted by the

user application memory space. POSIX standards for the syntax of the API's (system functions) concept of threads,individual memory area for each process and private status for each thread 18/01 RP fri Ayala ch2 Timers and counters 43-47 of ebook timer 0 and 1 are 16 bit reg each of 2 one byte register pairs TL and TH. TCON is 8 bit addressable in which overflow and run status of both T0 and T1 is stored.Lowe nibble is used as interrupt. TMOD is also bit addressable 8 bit reg to select S/W or H/W,C/T',and the modes of timer 0 and 1.Bits of TMOD,

wed

16/01 (ADD) Kang 3.1 and 3.2 MOS structure and external bias. 17/01 (AJ) Rise time with load Tr=(640N+450)C, RTL buffer,which can handle higher fanout Forouzen (**https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8J6rn43NndeVVVFZVdqNy1t S1k/edit) 11.2 flow and error control,11.3 protocols,11.4 noiseless channel,11.5 noisy channel stop and wait ARQ ch 11 forouzen Sliding window concept.Why size of the frame is 2^m -1

DIC

thur

wed

16/01 Div

DCN
fri 18/01 (div)

wed

FOC

applications of fiber optics,mounting the cable (keiser),basic link, mux, spectrum 50-400 UV 400-700 visible 16/01 (PNP) 800-1600 near IR 1600-100000 far IR In FOC carrier is light and the intensity/power is modulated, bands, three optical windows for silica fiber,SONET STS SDH (electrical equivalent standards). 18/01 (VM) Relative amplitude Vs f for laser,longitudinal modes and transverse modes,threshold condition for laser oscillation

fri

Week 4
Timers, TMOD, Q1 : square of 2 Khz on P1.5 ,timer 1,crystal frequency 11.0592MHz A:T=500ms,count=500/1.086=461,half period=231=E6h counts mov tmod,#10h l2:mov th1,#0FFh mov tl1,#19h setb TR1 l1:jnb tf1 l1 cpl p1.5 sjmp l2

mon

21/01 (RP)

ES

wed

Advantages and drawbacks of using threads Bsic functions of the RTOS such as 1 system call 23/01 (zmp) 2 servicing interrupts (re-entrant function) ....

thurs 24/01 (zmp) BUNK Propogation delay in RTL X-OR from RTL DTL NAND 3.3 structure and Operation of MOS Threshold voltage of MOS BUNK TCP/IP model Forouzen 4th ed fig 2.16 Forouzen 4th ed ch 21 ARP,ARP format,RARP, ICMP: error reporting,Query message, time exceed, parameter problem,redirection Mass bunk Theory of light, polarisation,diffraction,reflection,refraction,TIR. Fiber structure,acceptance angle,NA,derivation. Direct and indirect bandgao semiconductors,optical emission from p-n diode,stimulated emission,semiconductor injection laser. MASS BUNK

mon

21/01 (AJ) 23/01 (ADD) 24/01 (AJ)

DIC

wed thur

DCN

tue wed

22/01 AR 23/01 (div)

mon

21/01 PNP 22/01 VM 23/01

FOC tue
wed

WEEK 5
mon wed 28/01 (RP) BUNK 30/01 (zmp) Interrupt handling,scheduling-least laxity first,round robbit,..

Tasks of scheduler thurs 31/01 (zmp) round robbit scheduler preemptive and non preemptive schedulers

ES
Fri 01/02 (RP)

Ayala 32-37 Serial data transfer Q1: Tx A serially at 9600 baud

Mov TMOD,#20h mov TH1,#0F0h SCON,#01010000b l1: mov SBUF,#'A' setb TR1 JNB TI l1 clr TI end

mon

28/01 (AJ) 30/01 (ADD) 31/01 (AJ)

BUNK Threshold voltage more discussion,body effect, 3.4 operation and pinch off Taub: 176-181: DTL nand and fan out modified dtl (181-184) HW TTL 6.1 of Taub Forouzen: ch 11 fig 11.5: simple protocols 11.4: noiseless channel 11.5 noisy shannel stop and wait,intro to sequencing the frames the wastasge of bandwidth because of round trip time Go back N ARQ 11.5] Go back and ARQ -why Sw is one frame less than 2bit count ? - ex 11.6,11.7 -Selective auto repeat request ARQ window size in selective ARQ piggy backing MASS BUNK

DIC

wed thur

tue

29/01

DCN
wed 30/01 (div)

Fri

01/02 (div)

FOC mon

28/01 PNP

tue

29/01 VM

Threshold current for injection laser diode threshold electron density, operational and internal efficiency spatial profile Tupes of fibers: plastic-glass step index-graded index single mode- multimode SMSI,MMSI,MMGI Edge emitter and surface emitter lasers homo,hetro and double hetro junction lasers optical pipes and traps strip geometryGain guided laser and its characteristics.

wed

30/01

Thu

31/01

NOTE: MON(04/02) ES test ZMP: course upto A div B: intro to ES,RISC-CISC,pipelining processor, memories, timer,counter, RTC,watchdog timer,i/o,communication interface,software developement assembly and c, RTOS ppt upto 23rd slide RP: ch 2 (ayala) , addressing modes,jump,call,branch instructions, arithmetic and logical instructions,push,pop,data transfer instructions

Week 6 ES
Interrupts vs polling, polling : time consuming, round robbit fashion internal or external interrupts six interrupts vector table IE register priorities TCON
setb IT1 // make it fall-edge trig org 000Bh setb P1.3 acall delay here: sjmp here end

mon

04/02 (RP)

Program in which falling edge of the pulse send a high to p1.3 to drive LED org 0000h ljmp 0030h // interrupt vectors end here mov IE,#1000 0100h

wed

06/02 (zmp) Scheduling algorithm : Dynamic Priorities handle non periodic task efficiently avoid idle periods Single instance: 1) shortest remaining runtime - static 2 earlist deadline first - static 3 least laxity first - dynamic

example of the scheduling algorithm slide : 19-23 Periodic process model Pi,ri,di,ei, hyper period , Dynamic / fixed priorities Rate Monotonic scheduling (RM) thurs 07/02 (zmp) Deadline Monotonic scheduling slide : upto end Fri 08/02 (RP) gate Gopalan: comparison of DTL TTL , VTC of TTL , phase splitter/totem pole multiemitter transistor , fanout , power considerations , high speed ttl, schottkey TTL. Modelling drain current , channel length modulation, velocity saturation Revision of TTL

mon

04/02 (AJ)

DIC
wed thur mon 06/02 (ADD) 07/02 (AJ) 04/02 ( 05/02 ( 06/02 (div) 07/02 (div)

DCN

Tue wed Fri

HDLC protocol PPT and PPP protocol Bunk V num normalised frequency MMGI alpha , v-num , no of modes step index single mode no of modes numericals from VM Power coupling and launching fiber parameters, source parameters , coupling efficiency, fly lead, pig tail , misalignments, optical receptors, radiance derivation , lensing scheme for better coupling NA, acceptance angle, critical angle, v- num , alpha , no of modes , core radius, related numericals Bunk

mon

04/02 PNP

FOC tue
wed fri

05/02 VM

06/02 PNP 08/02 VM

Week 7/(8 pre sparsh)

wed 14/02 (zmp) 15/02 (RP) 18/02 (RP) 11/02 (AJ) Cyclic scheduling adhoc/structured algorithm for rate monitoring 7 segment LED display, keyped interfacing , switch debouncing Mazidi LCD interfacing - Mazidi ECL , why ECL? , Ic1,Ic2 , deltaV, ..

ES Fri
Mon mon

wed

DIC
thur Mon

Cutoff, linear , and saturation conditions, Mos capacitances 13/02 (ADD) short channel effects narrow channel effects subthreshold conduction 14/02 (AJ) 18/02 (AJ) VTC of ECL ECL fanout, why negative supply is used? Noise at Vce and Ve0 CMOS inverter, operating point, VTC, why 2.5(W/L)n=(W/L)p? Multiplr access, definations, slotted ALOHA,CSMA,vulnerable time, 12.10 three persistence methods, 12.12 collison of first bit in CSMA/CD 12.2 controlled access, reservations, polling, token passing, channelization (intro) upto slide 43 Ch 13: protocol vs Standard, 1985 IEEE standard, Mac layer, frame format, preamble, SFD,DA,SA, min frame size, dummy data, Fiber fabrication: preform generation, modified CVD, PECVD,fiber drawing, mode field diameter, Index guided laser, Distributed feedback laser, Signal degradation in fiber, 3 R's , signal attenuation, signal degradation mechanisms, transmission effects, attenuation, numericals on attenuation Attenuation mechanism, material absorption, scattering, linear and nonlinear scattering Noise, laser diode damage, lifetime, VCSEL, LED, edge emitter, surface emitter

Tue

12/02 (

DCN Mon 18/02/13

Tue 19/02 (

mon tue wed

11/02 PNP 12/02 VM 13/02 PNP 15/02 VM 18/02 PNP 19/02 VM

FOC
fri Mon tue

Week 9 (post sparsh) ES Thu

28/02 (zmp) Revision of Cyclic scheduling, adhoc and structured, H=nf, conditions on frame size, (upto page 103) , sporadic jobs CMOS TTL interfacing, and TTL CMOS interfacing, BiCMOS, reduction in propogation delay Edge emitter LED, output spestrum of both the LEDs,Carrier recombination in LED, Modulation of an LED, quantum efficiency internal and external

DIC thur

14/02 (AJ)

FOC fri

15/02 VM

Week 10 (before midsem) Week 11 (midsem) Week 12 (post midsem) Week 13 (Holi holiday week) Week 14 ES
mon 18/03 (RP) f=(1/1.1RC) CS,WR,INTR,RD and DATA signal diagrams example code from MAZIDI wed Sporadic task: acceptance test,graphical example S1(17,4.5), S2(29,4), S3(22,1.5), 20/03 (zmp) S4(44,5) frame size=4, H=20 and usage is (3.5, 3, 3, 3, 2.5, 3) in each frames. Resource sharing- need to share the global resources without race conditions. Lock/semaphore is used to avoid unwanted 21/03 (zmp) interruptions. Mutex: Boolean semaphore, 22/03 (RP) 01/04 (RP) MAX 112 serial, DAC- MC1408, pulse measurement (frequency measurement, pulse width measurement). I2C ppt: read, write, arbitration on SDA. ADC 0804: parallel ADC chip ADC 0808/09 DAC: 0848

Thu

fri mon

Thu

Resource access control, IPC, etc.. ARM intro, ARM philosophy, what and why difference from RISC, 04/04 (zmp) intro to thumb state, conditional execution, block diagram, states and modes.