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Project Name: Steam Power Plant Project Number: 11234 Prepared by : FAHEEM ABBAS(09-ECT-13) & UMAR FAROOQ(09-ECT-19) Date:10-05-1012
Introduction Briefings Area allocated & infrastructure Threats Cost and investment Human Resource Conclusions
Introduction
Electric power generation with steam at the individual household level is making a comeback. At the commercial power plant level, it never left. Even nuclear power plants run on steam. What is new is the fairly recent phenomenon of household-size steam power units for standby power generation. Unfortunately, most people today have no idea how a steam engine works or the things you have to keep in mind when setting up a home steam power system. The easiest way to deal with a technology unfamiliar to you is to introduce one concept at a time. Lets introduce the basic concept or outline and then go back and flesh out the details. A home steam system consists of a boiler with a furnace to turn water to steam, a steam engine to convert the steam energy to rotary motion to drive a generator, and a system to re-circulate the water once the steam has turned back into water. During the re-circulation of the water utilizing the exhaust steam heat (providing hot water and/or heating the home itself) increases the efficiency of the system. The design of a home steam system is dictated by the circumstances of the home where it will be installed and the fuel available.
Briefings:
Construction of steam power plant that will generate 17MW .purpose behind to maintain the electric supply in the absence of main supply in order to get rid of industrial losses & production .That will not only run only in the absence of main supply but also will be sinked with wapda in such a way that maximum utilization through the planned power plant can be obtained. This will reduce the pay cost of electricity bells and will increase the annual production as well.
Totally based on cyclic process .The only plant that repeats generation through using waste material as here the case of suction of expelled gases into the boiler Necessary automation will be clearly defined to reduce the error to make the project feasible in market.
Basically plant is distributed into two parts ,water development and steam generation and distribution part .In above shown diagram view of a land needed to build both parts.
No issue of cost for land required for central control room and other purposes because organization has taken personal honour ship.
Water development & storage cottage should be there because water is essential source in power generation and it is used for cooling purposes so a vital need of land for water site so 10 canals
land for this purpose will take the part. Extra land for pipeline setup as power plant will be built outside of main production plant so pipeline from production plant where gases are sucked to the boilers and inturn till the power plant at the start of turbine. Area require for grid station will be wide enough to cover whole installation and transmission insulations including arresters & towers.
Threats
High oil prices, growing concerns over energy security, and the threat of climate change have all stimulated investment in the development of alternatives to conventional oil.
of water usage is often of great concern for electricity generating systems as populations increase and droughts become a concern. Thermoelectric power generation accounts for only 3.3 percent of net freshwater consumption with over 80 percent going to irrigation. Likely future trends in Water consumption are covered here.
Nuclear power
Coal
300
480
Natural gas
Hydroelectricit y
1,430
Solar thermal
1,060
Geothermal
1,800
4,000
Fuel consumption
Now a days the oil prices are growing up and up day by day. Its challenging situation in power generation market to stay with less fuel consumption but we have to deal with it .
Capacity factor
One indication of intermittency challenges in electric power generation is the capacity factor, or the average percentage of time in a year that a power plant is producing at full rated capacity. As shown in table 18.2, photovoltaic systems produce at full capacity only 12 to 19 percent of the time over the course of a year, compared to an average of 30 percent for wind systems. In contrast, a coal-thermal plant will typically run at full capacity 70 to 90 percent of the time, while nuclear power operates at over a 90 percent capacity factor in the United States.
Cost
80lac/10lac/3.5lac/80,000/60lac /15lac /5lac/-
Generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy . Possible sources of mechanical
energy include steam engines, water falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a hand crank, a wind turbine compressed air solar energy and many others. Possible sources of mechanical energy include steam engines, water falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a hand crank, a wind turbine, compressed air solar energy, and many others.
Costing 10lac as well.
.
Condenser is a device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state, typically by cooling it. In so doing, the latent heat is given up by the substance, and will transfer to the condenser coolant. Condensers are typically heat exchangers which have various designs and come in many sizes ranging from rather small (hand-held) to very large industrial-scale units used in plant processes. Its cost is 5lac / Piece that is for industrial refrigeration . Condensation action requires more and more water and there should be water storage towers and indeed pumps and motors requirement for suction and supplication of water to the condensers .
Automation on plant
Starting system provides the initial momentum for the Gas Turbine to reach the operating speed. This is similar to the starter motor of your car. The gas turbine in a power plant runs at 3000 RPM (for the 50 Hz grid - 3600 RPM for the 60 Hz grid). During starting the speed has to reach at least 60 % for the turbine to work on its on inertia. The simple method is to have a starter motor with a torque converter to bring the heavy mass of the turbine to the required speed. For large turbines this means a big capacity motor. The latest trend is to use the generator itself as the starter motor with suitable electrics. In situations where there is no other start up power available, like a ship or an off-shore platform or a remote location, a small diesel or gas engine is used. Motors and other electronic instrumentation are not as cost effective as turbine and generators are. The approximated cost of motors, pumps and instruments is 3.5lac.
Human resources Those people who actually manages and operates whole plant. Depending upon their designation organization has to pay salary to all of them. Engineers in engineering station in ccr and operators in operating station in ccr ,most of staff will be required for these stations rest of staff for the inspection of grid station and distribution lines monitoring . There will be requirement of extra cost for salary purposes of staff which has been shown below Salary table Staff Operator Controlling Inspection Redundant Designation JO(Junior officer) AM SS JA Salary 10,000/25,000/8,000/7,000/-
Comparison between the steam power plant and other different sources of energy
Non-renewable
Coal Efficiency 2 - 3 kWh/kg Gas 4-5 kWh/kg 2.3 4.7 Nuclear 45 - 50 000 kWh/kg 2.5 4.1 Solar comparative figures not available 12-20
Renewable
Hydro-electric comparative figures not available comparative figures not available yes
Geothermal comparative figures not available comparative figures not available in a few localities no
2.5 4.5
yes
yes
yes
Ability to meet yes base load demand Source reliability and availability Export dollars for Australia (end of 2000) Greenhouse gas emission Emissions to environment Other wastes good
yes
yes
yes
good
good
variable daily variable & & weather weather dependent dependent needed some from sale of technology none nil needed some from sale of technology none nil
not needed not needed $1.9 billion $.367 billion 0.5kg of CO2/kWh NOx, SO2 none steam 4 milligrams of radioactive spent fuel/kWh production facilities, pipelines, acid rain limited mining and associated tailings storage facilities
some from sale of unknown technology none nil nil none nil nil
on roofs
Conclusion
The steam power plant is efficient in providing power it works on cyclic process and through this plant we can increase the annual production and can get rid of extra charges of wapda .