Unit 2 Guided Notes.

Lesson 1 Atoms
Define atom: ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Dalton thought that atoms were _______________________________________
An _____________________ cant be further divided into other substances.
The word atom comes from the greek word ____________ which
means_____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Define element: ____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
True or False? There exist over 1000 different elements/atoms. If false, why?
_________________________________________________________________
Describe Thomsons idea of an atom: ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
His model was nick named the ____________________________________model
Define electron: ____________________________________________________
Describe Rutherfors Atomic Model: ____________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Define neutron: _____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
True or False? Neutrons have about the same mass as protons . If false, why?
_________________________________________________________________
The 3 types of particles in an atom are _________________ (positively charged),
___________________ (negatively charged) and _________________________
(zero charge).
Fill in the following table

Particles in an Atom
Types of
Particle
Protons

Relative
Electrical
Charge
Plus one
(+1)

Electron

Neutrons

Mass of
Number of Location of
the Particle Particles
the Atom
About
2,000 more
mass than
an electron
About the
same as
the # of
protons

Zero

Inside the
nucleus

Lesson 2: Atomic and Mass Numbers

Most of an atoms mass is in its ____________________________________.
The nucleus contains the P__________________ and N_____________________.
Circling the nucleus are negatively charged ________________________. In an
electrically neutral atom, there are the same number of __________________
and _____________________________.
Define atomic number: _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Think of this as the elements personal ID number.
Atoms that lose an electron become ______________________________charged,
while gaining an electron changes the charge to __________________________.
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are different
____________________________________________.
The sum of the protons and neutrons is the ______________________________,
which is the measure of the mass of an atom.
Protons = atomic number.
Neutrons = atomic mass minus atomic number.
Lets do some practice! Go into your student pages, and find the activity titled
Labeling an Atom Using Atomic and Mass Numbers Follow the
procedure and answer the questions.

Lesson 4: Elements and the Periodic Table

Define periodic law: _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

In each square of the modern periodic table, the top number is the
_________________________________________________________, and it
equals the number of protons (and also electrons) in an atom of that element.
The bottom number is the
__________________________________________________________, which
measures the mass of the atom and is very close to the sum of the number of
protons plus the number of neutrons.
The elements on the table are grouped together by color.
At room temperature..
Elements with black symbols are _____________________________________
Elements with blue symbols are _____________________________________.
Elements with red symbols are ______________________________________.
Elements with symbols in green are __________________________________.

Define period: ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
Define group: ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Define family: ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Lets do some more practice! Go into your student pages, and carefully
complete the activity titled Elements and Periodic Table Review

Lesson 5: Design of the Periodic Table

Label the protons, neutrons and electrons

When elements combine to form compounds,

________________________________________________________________
form between the atoms. Bonds form when atoms share or exchange electrons in
a way that gives each atom a complete outer shell.

Lesson 6: Molecules
Define molecule: ____________________________________________________
By forming a chemical bond, the atoms share electrons, and the atoms end up
with a full outer shell.

Chemical Change
Define

Physical Change
Define

Example

example

Define compounds: _________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Give an example of a compound and support your answer:

___________________________________________________________________
Please go into your student pages and complete the activity titled Molecules
Review.

Lesson 7: Properties of Matter

Define matter ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

It is the __________________________________________________ that

determined the characteristic properties of each element.
Elements in the periodic table are arranged so that all elements in a group have
the same number of ___________________________________________.
Elements in a group have similar ______________________________________.
List examples of chemical properties: __________________________________
and ___________________________________ and ________________________.
Examples of physical properties are: ____________________________________

Lesson 8 States of Matter

The 3 states of matter are __________________________________,
____________________________________ and __________________________.

State
Solids

Liquids

Gases

Properties

Particles

Lesson 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Define the types of changes. Please add to this table throughout the lesson.
Chemical

Physical

Nuclear

Define Reactant______________________________________________________

Define Product______________________________________________________

Label the reactants and the product

_______________________________________________________________

Define nuclear change: ______________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Unlike chemical reactions, nuclear reactions affect the nuclei.

Define the Law of Conservation of Energy: ________________________________

This is easily shown in closed systems because nothing enters or leaves the
system. Most of the energy changes we see are in open systems, so it often seems
that some energy is lost.