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INTRODUCTION
ELECTROLYTES - Are substances which
allow the passage of electricity through
their molten state or their aqueous
solutions and allow chemical
decomposition at the same time eg. Acids
,bases and salts.
Mathematically,
V = IR
Where,
V = potential difference across the ends of
the conductor,
I = electric current through the conductor
and,
R=resistance offered to the path of the
electric current by the conductor
Resistance vs. the
concentration of
electrolytes
Procedure :-
Observation table :-
Concentr Volta Curren Resist
s ation ge t ance
.no (gm/100 (volt (amper R
. ml) ) es) =V/I
(oh
m)
(i) (i) 0.10 (i) 14.00
1.0 1.40 (ii) 0.20 (ii) 14.50
1. (ii) (iii) 0.30 (iii) 13.50
2.90 mean =
(iii) 14.00
4.05
(i) (i) 0.10 (i) 11.00
2.0 1.10 (ii) 0.25 (ii) 10.80
2. (ii) (iii) 0.40 (iii) 11.13
2.70 mean =
(iii) 10.98
4.45
(i) (i) 0.10 (i) 8.00
3.0 0.80 (ii) 0.20 (ii) 7.75
3. (ii) (iii) 0.30 (iii) 8.17
1.55 mean =
(iii) 7.97
2.45
(i) (i) 0.20 (i) 6.25
4.0 1.25 (ii) 0.30 (ii) 6.17
4. (ii) (iii) 0.40 (iii) 6.20
1.85 mean =
(iii) 6.20
2.48
(i) (i) 0.10 (i) 5.00
5.0 0.50 (ii) 0.20 (ii) 5.00
5. (ii) (iii) 0.30 (iii) 5.00
1.00 mean =
(iii) 5.00
1.50
Result
From the relevant graphs , it is seen that
resistance varies inversely with the
concentration.
Discussion of result
Precautions
Sources of error
1.While determining the resistance of
electrolyte by using Cu electrodes, a
small amount of the metal was
deposited on the cathode. This would
have caused a slight change in the
concentration affecting the
subsequent reading.
2.A small amount of oxygen is liberated
at the anode which might have
caused some polarization. These
effects can be minimized by passing
small currents for short time.
3. The concentration of the electrolyte
could not be varied in a range other
than between 1%-5% because beyond
5% concentration, it was not possible
to take the readings and accumulation
of impurities caused disturbances.
Certificate