CHAPTER 5 - AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

5-1

A conditioned space that is maintained at 25 C and 50 percent relative humidity experience a sensible-heat of 80 kW and a latent-heat gain of 34 kW. At what temperature does the load-ratio line intersect the saturation line?

Solution:

Load ratio =
qS = 80 kW qL = 34 kW

qS q S + qL

Load ratio =

80 80 + 34

Load-ratio = 0.7018 But,

c p (t c - t i ) hc - hi

= Load ratio

At 25 C, 50 percent relative humidity hc = 50.5 kJ/kg Try ti = 15 C

c p (t c - t i ) hc - hi

= 0.7018

(1.0)(25 - 15) = 0.7018

50.5 - h i
Connecting the two-points gives the load-ratio line which intersects the saturation line at 9.75 C with hi = 28.76 kJ/kg. Ans. 9.75 C.

5-2.

A conditioned space receives warm, humidified air during winter air conditioning in order to maintain 20 C and 30 percent relative humidity. The space experiences an infiltration rate of 0.3 kg/s of outdoor air and an additional sensible-heat loss of 25 kW. The outdoor air is saturated at a temperature of -20 C (see Table A2). If conditioned air is supplied at 40 C dry-buld, what must be the wet-bulb temperature of supply air be in order to maintain the space conditions?

Solution: At -20 saturated, h1 = -18.546 kJ/kg m1 = 0.3 kg/s Page 1 of 4

CHAPTER 5 - AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Additional heat loss = 25 kW At 20 C and 30 percent relative humidity, h2 = 31 kJ/kg t3 = 40 C Equations: Sensible Heat Balance: m2(t3 - t2) + m1(t1 - t2) = 25 kW m2(40 - 20) + (0.3)(-20 - 20) = 25 m2 = 1.85 kg/s Total Heat Balance: m2(h3 - h2) + m1(h1 - h2) = 25 kW (1.85)(h3 - 31) + (0.3)(-18.546 - 31) = 25 h3 = 52.55 kJ/kg Then at 40 C and 52.55 kJ/kg. Wet-Bulb Temperature = 18.8 C - - - Ans. 5-3. A laboratory space to be maintained at 24 C and 50 percent relative humidity experiences a sensible-cooling load of 42 kW and a latent load of 18 kW. Because the latent load is heavy, the air-conditioning system is equipped for reheating the air leaving the cooling coil. The cooling coil has been selected to provide outlet air at 9.0 C and 95 percent relative humidity. What is (a) the temperature of supply air and (b) the airflow rate?

Solution: qS = 42 kW qL = 18 kw At 24 C , 50 percent relative humidity hi = 47.5 kJ/kg At 9.0 C, 95 percent relative humidity hc = 26 kJ/kg

hc hi (1.0)(9 24) = 0.70 Coil load ratio line = 26 - 47.5 qS 42 Coil load ratio line = = = 0.70 q S + q L 42 + 18
(a) Since 9 C < 13 C minimum. Temperature of supply air = 13 C - - - Ans. Page 2 of 4

Coil load ratio line =

c p (t c t i )

CHAPTER 5 - AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

(b)

m=

qS 42 = 1.0(t 1 t 2 ) (1.0 )(24 13)

m = 3.82 kg/s - - - - Ans. 5-4. In discussing outdoor-air control Sec. 5-3 explained that with outdoor conditions in the X and Y regions on the psychrometric chart in Fig. 5-5 enthalpy control is more energy-efficient. We now explore some limitations of that statement with respect to the Y region. Suppose that the temperature setting of the outlet air form the cooling coil is 10 C and that the outlet air is essentially saturated when dehumidification occurs in the coil. If the condition of return air is 24 C and 40 percent relative humidity and the outddor conditions are 26 C and 30 percent relative humidity, would return air or outside air be the preferred choice? Explain why.

Solution: See Fig. 5-5 and Sec. 5-3. Outside Air: At 26 C, 30 percent relativw humidity ho = 42 kJ/kg Coil outlet = 10 C saturated q = 42 kJ/kg - 29.348 kJ/kg q = 12.652 kJ/kg Recirculated air: At 24 C, 40 percent relative humidity hi = 43 kJ/kg With 10% outdoor air. hm = (0.10)(42) + (0.90)(43) = 42.9 kJ/kg q = 42.9 kJ/kg - 29.348 kJ/kg q = 13.552 kJ/kg > 12.652 kJ/kg. Ans. Outside air is preferred due to lower cooling required.

5-5.

A terminal reheat system (Fig. 5-9) has a flow rate of supply air of 18 kg/s and currently is operating with 3 kg/s of outside air at 28 C and 30 percent relative humidity. The combined sensible load in the spaces is 140 kw, and the latent load is negligible. The temperature of the supply air is constant at 13 C. An accountant of the firm occupying the building was shocked by the utility bill and ordered all space thermostat be set up from 24 to 25 C. What is the rate of heat removal in the cooling coil before and after the change and (b) the rate of heat supplied at the reheat coils before and after change? Assume that the space sensible load remains at 140 kw?

Solution: See Fig. 5-9. Outside air at 28 C and 30 percent relative humidity ho = 46 kJ/kg At 24 C Set-Up. Coil entering temperature, tm tm = [(3)(28) + (18 - 3)(24)] / 18 = 24.667 C Coil supply temperature = 13 C constant Cooling rate = (18)(24.667 - 13) = 210 kw

Page 3 of 4

CHAPTER 5 - AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Space sensible load = 140 kw constant Reheat supply temperature, ts. ts = 24 - 140 / 18 = 16.222 C Heating Rate = (18)(16.222 - 13) Heating Rate = 58 kw At 25 C Set-Up. Coil entering temperature, tm tm = [(3)(28) + (18 - 3)(25)] / 18 = 25.5 C Coil supply temperature = 13 C constant Cooling rate = (18)(25.5 - 13) = 225 kw Space sensible load = 140 kw constant Reheat supply temperature, ts. ts = 25 - 140 / 18 = 17.222 C Heating Rate = (18)(17.222 - 13) Heating Rate = 76 kw Answer: (a) Before = 210 kw After = 225 kw 15 kw increase in cooling rate. Before = 58 kw After = 76 kw 18 kw increase in heating rate -000-

(b)

Page 4 of 4