APPENDIX 27 ALTERNATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GLASS-LINED VESSELS

27-1 SCOPE
D1 and D2p the inside diameters, maximum and minimum, respectively, as measured for the critical section, and for one additional section in each direction therefrom at a distance not exceeding 0.2D2. The average of the three readings for D1 and D2, respectively, shall be inserted in the formula. P p reduced maximum allowable working pressure, psi (kPa), to be stamped on the nameplate of the vessel and shown on the Manufacturers Data Report
NOTE: Use P p P when Sb 0.25S

The rules of this Appendix cover acceptable alternative requirements that are applicable to glass-lined (enameledlined) vessels. All applicable requirements in this Division are mandatory except as modied herein.

A02

27-2

PERMISSIBLE OUT-OFROUNDNESS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE

If the out-of-roundness of a glass lined cylindrical vessel exceeds the limits in UG-80(a)(1) or UG-80(a)(2), or in both, and the condition cannot be corrected, the maximum allowable working pressure may be calculated as follows. 27-2(a) The out-of-roundness, as determined by the maximum difference between any two diameters for any cross section, shall not exceed 3%. 27-2(b) The shell shall be certied for a lower internal pressure by the following formula:

Reduced pressure P p P

1.25 Sb +1 S

and in which
Sb p 1.5 PR1 t (D1 D2 ) P t 3 + 3 R1 Ra2 E

Pp maximum allowable working pressure for shell meeting the requirements of UG-80(a)(1), psi (kPa) Rap average radius to middle of shell wall at critical section, in. (mm) p 14 (D1 + D2) + t /2 R1p average inside radius at critical section, in. (mm) p 14 (D1 + D2) Sp design stress value, psi (kPa), at metal service temperature Sbp bending stress, psi (kPa), at metal service temperature tp nominal thickness of vessel shell, in. (mm)

27-3 where Ep modulus of elasticity, psi (kPa), at design temperature. The modulus of elasticity shall be taken from the applicable Table TM in Section II, Part D. When a material is not listed in the TM tables, the requirements of U-2(g) shall be applied.
481

HYDROSTATIC TEST

The hydrostatic test pressure for glass-lined vessels shall be at least equal to, but need not exceed, the maximum allowable working pressure to be marked on the vessel; the hydrostatic test pressure for jackets of glass-lined vessels shall be at least equal to, but need not exceed, the maximum allowable working pressure to be marked on the jacket.

27-4
01

2001 SECTION VIII DIVISION 1

27-7

27-4

HEAT TREATMENT OF TEST SPECIMENS

27-4(a) Except when impact testing per UCS-66 is required, and in lieu of the requirements of UCS-85, the plate, forging, pipe, and strip steels used in the production of glass-lined vessels may be represented by test specimens that meet the following requirements: 27-4(a)(1) the test specimens shall be heat treated two times, rst to a temperature of 1675F25F (913C14C), and then to a temperature that is nominally equal to the last (lowest) temperature of the glassing cycle. The minimum holding time for each heat treatment shall be 12 hr /in. of thickness; 27-4(a)(2) the materials shall be limited to SA106, SA-285, SA-414, SA-516, and SA-836; and 27-4(a)(3) the multiple temperature cycles used in the glassing operation shall be within the range of 1450F to 1700F (788C to 927C), with at least one cycle being above the upper transformation temperature of the material. The vessel is to be held at temperature approximately 12 hr /in. (12 hr /25 mm) of thickness, and still-air-cooled to ambient. 27-4(b) SA-106, SA-285, SA-414 Grades A and B, and SA-516 materials used in the production of glasslined vessels may be exempt from the simulated test requirements of UCS-85 when the following requirements are met; 27-4(b)(1) the requirements of (a)(3) above; 27-4(b)(2) the carbon content of the materials shall not exceed 0.25% by heat analysis; 27-4(b)(3) the tensile strength and yield strength of the material, as represented by mill test specimens, shall be at least 10% higher than the minimum specied by the material specication; 27-4(b)(4) impact testing per UCS-66 is not required.

27-5(b) Stainless steel vessels fabricated from SA240 316L plate, SA-182 F316L forgings, SA-312 TP316L pipe, and SA-213 TP316L tubing may be exempted from production impact tests per UHA-51, provided the following conditions are met: 27-5(b)(1) The Welding Procedure Qualication shall include impact tests in accordance with UHA51(b). Each heat or lot of consumable welding electrodes shall be so tested. The test specimens shall be subjected to the glass lined 316L stainless steel vessel glassing cycle temperature, time, and cooling rates, and a number of cycles that is equal to or greater than that of the production vessels. 27-5(b)(2) The impact testing shall be done at a temperature not warmer than the MDMT of the vessels. The MDMT of the vessels shall be no colder than 155F (104C). 27-5(b)(3) The multiple temperature cycles used in the glassing operation shall be within the range of 1400F to 1700F (760C to 927C). The vessel is to be held at temperature approximately 12 hr/in. of thickness (0.20 hr/cm of thickness) per cycle, and still-aircooled (nonquench) to ambient. 27-5(b)(4) As an alternative to (b)(1) through (b)(3) above, impact testing is not required when the coincident ratio of design stress [see footnote (3) of UHA-51] in tension to allowable tensile stress is less than 0.35, provided that the welding electrodes are certied to SFA-5.4 Grade 316L-15 with a ferrite number not to exceed 3, and provided that the MDMT of the vessels is no colder than 200F (129C). 27-6 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT

01

27-5

LOW TEMPERATURE OPERATION

Materials used in the fabrication of glass lined vessels shall follow the impact testing requirements or exemptions as dened within this Division with the exceptions listed below. 27-5(a) SA-285 Grade C, for glass lined vessels, may be assigned to Curve B in Fig. UCS-66 under the following conditions: 27-5(a)(1) the maximum carbon content limit is 0.18%; and 27-5(a)(2) the glass operation shall be per 274(a)(3).

The heat treatment provided in the temperature cycle for the glassing operation may be used in lieu of the postweld heat treatment requirements of UW-40 and UCS-56. The weld qualication test specimens required by UW-28 and Section IX shall be heat treated per 27-4(a)(1). Inner vessels which are so heat treated need not be again postweld heat treated after the attachment to the jacket, if the joining welds do not require postweld heat treatment. 27-7 DATA REPORTS

When all the requirements of this Division, as modied by the alternative requirements of this Appendix, have been met, the following notation shall be entered on the Manufacturers Data Report under Remarks, Constructed in Conformance With Appendix 27, Alternative Requirements for Glass-Lined Vessels.

482