A REPORT ON THE EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLES AND THE ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN BEHAVIOR

PREPARED FOR: MADAM SALIHAH BINTI ABDULLAH BEL 422 REPORT WRITING LECTURER UiTM TERENGGANU

PREPARED BY: ALDRIN @ ALDRINI BINTI ALING RAHMAH BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN NIK ELIANEI BINTI NASIR ROHANI BINTI HARUN (2011616976) (2011238534) (2011295108) (2011837762)

BACHELOR OF EDUCATION WITH HONOURS (PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH )

UiTM TERENGGANU

IN FULFILLMENT OF A PARTIAL REQUIREMENT FOR THE COURSE BEL422 REPORT WRITING

25 JUN 2011

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Aldrin Aling, Bachelor Of Education With Honours (Physical Education And Health ) Universiti Teknologi Mara, 21080 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu 16 APRIL 2011 Madam Salihah Binti Abdullah, Instructor Of BEL 422 Universiti Teknologi Mara, 21080 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu Dear Madam, A REPORT ON THE EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLES AND THE ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN BEHAVIOR On 16 April 2011, you authorized us to present a report about The effect of parenting styles and the enviroment on children behavior. 2. We would like to submit our report and hope that this report will give the

information that you need and everything satisfactory.

Thank you.

Yours sincerely, .. ( ALDRIN BINTI ALING )

Yours sincerely, (RAHMAH BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN)

Yours sincerely, . (NIK ELIANEI BINTI NASIR)

Yours sincerely, (ROHANI BINTI HARUN)

SUMMARY This study is about the effect of parenting styles and the environment on children behavior. This study has been conducted in Kuala Terengganu. The purpose of this study is to solve the social problems that happen among children nowadays. There are cases being reported that primary student involve in many social problem, for examples smoking, bullying and many more. In obtaining the data, questionnaire has been develop and distributed to 60 respondents, which involved 30 parents and 30 children aged between 11 to 12 years old. The data obtained analyze by using Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of pie chart. As a conclusion, it is proven that the type of parenting style used by the parents in bringing up their children and the environment factor affect the children behavior.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillah, we want to express our gratitude to Allah S.W.T for giving us the chance to complete our report. Firstly, we would like to express our appreciation to our report writing lecturer, Madam Salihah Binti Abdullah, for always being patient with us, guiding us in the process of completing this report. Lastly, we would like to thank our group members. They have been very helpful and very passionate in order to make sure that we can accomplish the work and get it done. I hope to be working together again. Insya Allah.

Thank you.

ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary Acknowledgement Table of content List of Figure 1.0 Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Background Terms of references Purpose and scope Methodology 1.4.1 Introduction 1.4.2 Research location 1.4.3 Research sample 1.4.4 Research instrument 1.4.5 The data collection procedure 1.4.6 The data analysis procedure 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.0 4.0 5.0 Limitations 5 - 13 Findings And Discussion Of The Questionnaire Do You Investigate You Childs Peers Background The Types Of Parenting Style Of The Parents The Influence Of Peers In Children Point Of View Whats The Parents Usually Do When Their Children Break The Rules. Does The Televison Program Affect The Children Behavior? 13 - 14 14 15 17 18 - 22 Findings i ii iii iv 1-4

Conclusion Recommendations References Questionnaire distributed to parents and children

Appendices

iii

1.0

INTRODUCTION In this chapter, the researcher will discuss about the background, the research objectives (purpose and scope), methodology, research question, and limitation. .

1.1

BACKGROUND In this study, researcher wants to investigate the effect of parenting styles and the environment on children behavior. This research is focuses on two aspects that is parenting styles and the environment that will affect the behavior of the children. Parenting styles can be divided into four types which according to child psychologist Diana Baumrind, who developed the four types of the parenting styles. Which is the authoritarian parenting, authoritative parenting, indulgent or permissive parenting and neglectful or uninvolved parenting. Besides, parenting styles also can be divided into three dimensions which is the responsiveness dimension, the demanding dimension and the psychological dimension. In environment aspect, its including the peers, mass media, siblings and parents attitude at home. Besides, researcher also will focus on the children behavior.

1.2

TERMS OF REFERENCE On 16 April 2011, Puan Salihah Binti Abdullah lecturer of BEL 422 course request upon a group of Part one, Bachelor of Education with Honours (Physical Education and Health) students to write a report on The Effect of Parenting Styles and The Environment on Children Behavior .The group consist of four members which are Aldrin Aling, Rahmah Binti Abdul Rahman, Nik Elianei Binti Nasir and Rohani Binti Harun. This report was submit on 25 June 2011.

1.3

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES (PURPOSE AND SCOPE) The main purpose and scope of this research is to identify the effect of parenting styles and the environment aspect on children behavior. Specifically, the objectives of this research are as follows: 1. To identify the effect of environment factors on children behavior 2. To identify the effect of the parenting styles on children behavior. 3. To identify the types of parenting style that usually practice by the parents nowadays

1.4

METHODOLOGY 1.4.1 INTRODUCTION The researcher discuss about the research location, research samples, research instruments, the date collection procedure and the data analysis procedure. 1.4.2 RESEARCH LOCATION The research was conducted school inside Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. 1.4.3 RESEARCH SAMPLE The research population consisted of 30 parents and 30 children whose age around 11 years old to 12 years old. The parents were chosen, as they are the person who raise and will affect the children behavior. While the children is who are being affected. A total of 60 questionnaires were distributed to the respondent (parents and children).

1.4.4 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS The main instrument being used was the questionnaire. The researcher designed the questionnaire to meet the requirement of the research study. The questionnaires design by including two types of question, which is the open-ended question and close-ended question. 1.4.5 THE DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE In the process of collecting data, the questionnaires were distributed to the respondent (parents and children). The questionnaire was distributed personally to the respondent in school. The questionnaires were than collected immediately after the respondent completes the questionnaire. 1.4.6 THE DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE The data that have been collected were analyzed. Information that obtains from the questionnaire of the parents and the questionnaire of the children will be compare to see the correlation from both of it. All of the data that the researcher gets will help to answer the research question and research objective. 1.5 LIMITATIONS There are several limitations in this study. Due to time constraint, the research was only done by distributing questionnaire to the parents and children. There are also problems faced by the researcher, where the researcher has problem in distributing the questionnaire to the parents and some of the questionnaire were not given back by the respondent .

2.0

FINDINGS

2.1 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE 2.1.1 THE ENVIRONMENT FACTOR THAT AFFECT THE CHILDREN/ BEHAVIOR THE MOST

Peers Siblings Mass media Parents attitude at home

Based on the pie chart above, the environment factor that affects the children behavior the most is the parents attitude at home, followed by the peers, the siblings and the mass media. The parents attitude affects the children behavior the most because children are always be with their parents at home. Where everything that the parents do and say will be practice and followed by the children. Since the children see their parents as a role model that can be trusted and followed. Peers are the second factor that influences the children behavior because a peer is the person that is close to the children other than parents. Which, peers are the children of about same age or maturity level. According to Harris, children's interaction with their peers permanently modifies their inborn psychological characteristics. Thus, what they learn outside the home remains steadfast with them thorough adulthood. Siblings are the factor that gives moderate affect on children behavior. Where its depending to the family itself, which if the children are taking care by their siblings the children will be more prefer to follow their siblings behavior and this will affect the children behavior. 4

But if the parents are taking care of the children, the children behavior will be less affect by the siblings. The least affect of environment factor on children behavior is the mass media (television, internet and many more...). Where parents mostly will control the amount of time their children spend on watching television and the television program that usually watch by the children are not violence and wont affect their children behavior a lot . As a conclusion, parent attitude at home is the factor that will affect the children behavior the most. For example, a young boy might observe his fathers aggressive outbursts and hostile interchange with people; when observed with his peers, the young boys style of interaction is highly aggressive, showing the same characteristic as his father behavior. Which, there is a statement state that " As the father is, so is the son or, as the mother is, so is the daughter." 2.1.2 DO YOU INVESTIGATE YOU CHILDS PEERS BACKGROUND

Yes

Yes

No

No

Figure 2 : Investigate You Childs Peers Background

Based on the pie chart above, there is 60 percent of the respondent investigating their children peers background. While 40 percent didnt investigate their children peers background. Most of the parents investigate their children peers background because they want to know the peers parental background, the kind of environment they are brought up into and their social behavior while in school and outside of school. While some of the parents didnt investigate their peers background because they know all their children friends and they say it is

not necessary for them to check on their children friends background. So as the conclusion, most of the parents nowadays check on their children peers background because they dont want their children to be influence by the bad attitude of the friends. Besides, its also because as what their children learn outside the home may remains steadfast with the children thorough adulthood. Which according to Harris, children are most influenced by their peers. They adopt many behaviors of their peers in social settings in order to be accepted by their peers. But if the children whose parents encourage them to think independently learn to question rather than to blindly follow. Such children might be less influenced by their peers. It also can be argued that parents exercise significant influence on children's choice of peers. Children who are taught to be responsible are more likely to choose responsible peers. In the negative instance, children join gangs because they don't have a close knit family. So as a conclusion, parents investigated their children peers background is to avoid their children from not affected by their peers bad behavior or unacceptable behavior. Since children mind and behavior are easily affected. 2.1.3 THE TYPES OF PARENTING STYLE OF THE PARENTS
0% 0% 10%
Authoritative Parenting Style Authoritarian Parenting Style Indulgent Parenting Style Neglectful Parenting Style

90%

Figure 3 : The Types Of Parenting Style Of The Parents

Based on the pie chart above, 90 percent of the respondent (parent) used authoritarian parenting style and the other 10 percent used authoritarian parenting style in bringing up their children. While there are no respondent (parent) using the

indulgent and neglectful parenting style. This result is based on the analysis through every question that is answer by the respondent. Most of the respondent is an authoritative parent. Since, they have the characteristic of the authoritative parenting style. Where, they demand a lot from their childs behavior, but they also highly responsive and caring toward their children. Which, they take an interest in the progress of their child mind and physical development. Besides, they wouldnt punished their children but they give some advised if their children broke the rule. While the other respondent is an authoritarian parenting where they control and demand a lot on their children. Which as Forsyth says that, Authoritarian parents, in contrast, give few reasons for their demands. Instead of explaining their demands in terms of the effect of the childs behavior on others, they appeal to an authority: Do this because I say so (376). According to Horton-Parkers article Teaching Children to Care. They also use force regularly to maintain a position as the boss. Where they will punish and scold their children for doing something wrong or breaking the rules. So as a conclusion, most of the parents nowadays used the authoritative parenting style. As the authoritative parenting style is a kind of parenting style that can control the children behavior. Which kids with authoritative parenting achieve best grade, are the most self-reliant and the best behaves. As the authoritative parenting approach is associative with the best outcomes for childrens behavior (Horton-Parker para.17). Besides, children with the authoritative parents are also a cheerful person, have self-controlled, maintain friendly relations with peers and cope with adults. Authoritative parenting style would also help the parents to solve the children problem in a good way as quoted by Fitzhugh Dodson in his book of How to Discipline With Love which is "I believe it is far better to solve a conflict by negotiation and agreement rather than through power. However, in extreme cases . . . I believe we have to fall back on sheer power" (p. 92). So we can conclude that different types of parenting style will shape children behavior in different way.

2.1.4 THE INFLUENCE OF PEERS IN CHILDREN POINT OF VIEW

23% Sometimes 0%

Never

Frequently 77%

Based on the pie chart above, 77 percent of the respondent agreed that their mind and behavior will sometimes influenced by their friends. While, 23 percent of the respondent agreed that their behavior and mind will usually influenced or affected by their friends. Most of the respondent will sometimes influence by their friends because they have their own belief. Where, if what their friends do is opposite to their belief they wont follow it, but if they think that what their friend do is right they will follow it. The fact is that we decide who we would let influence, inspire, or corrupt us. Children whose parents encourage them to think independently learn to question rather than to blindly follow. These children might be less influenced by their peers. While the others, will usually influence by their friend because they dont have the self-confident. Where, most of their decision will be influence by their friends. Besides, their behaviors change in order to win acceptance from their peers. So as a conclusion child will be influence by their friend. As according to Harris, children are most influence by their peers. But, how much the peers influence is depends on the individual itself.

2.1.5 WHATS THE PARENTS USUALLY DO WHEN THEIR CHILDREN BREAK THE RULES.

7% Punishing 39% Give Advice

54%

Give Warning

The pie chart above shows that 54 percent of the respondent will be advice by their parents when they break the rules. Then, followed by 39 percent whose parents give warning to their children and 7 percent whose parent punish them for breaking the rules. Most of the parents only give advice to their children because they believe that their children will regret for what they have do and as 8 their children already know how to think by themselves. Besides, parents believe that by giving advice the message that they want to tell will be received effectively by the children. Some parents will only give their children warning because the child would scare to break the rules again. Which, the children believe that if they break the same rules again they will be punished by their parents. While only a few of the parents will punish their child for breaking the rule, as punishment will give the children a deep impact. So as a conclusion, mostly parents will only gives their children advice or warning other than punishing for breaking the rules. From the explanation above, we can say that most of the parents are practicing authoritative parenting styles to overcome the children behavior problem. Which they only giving advice and warning when their children do something wrong. As the characteristic of the authoritative parenting style is they allowed extensive verbal give-and-take, warm and nurturant toward their children and they also support their childrens constructive behavior. The authoritative parents also only give their children advice because they dont want to hurt their

children in a negative way. In the other hand, some of the parent can be observed that they practicing authoritarian parenting style. Which they will punish their children for breaking the rules. The characteristic of the parenting style is the parents was very strict, and like to punish their children as they want the children to follow their direction and respect their work and effort. So it can be concluded that in order to control the children behavior parent should have different kind of techniques to overcome it. Where one of it, is negotiate with your children behavior.

9 2.1.6 DOES THE TELEVISON PROGRAM AFFECT THE CHILDREN BEHAVIOR?

30%

Yes

No
70%

Based on the pie chart above, 70 percent of the respondent agreed that television program they watch will influence their behavior. While the other 30 percent argue that television program will affect their behavior. Most of the respondent said that their behavior will be affected by the television program they watch, which their behavior change into an easy going person, responsible and

become more hilarious. Where the television program they usually watch is comedy, documentary, drama, movie and many more. While the other that argued that television program didnt affect their behavior because they have self-motivated and know what is right and wrong. Besides, they also know how to control themselves for not being affected by the television program. Where they watch television just for fun and they will tell themselves that the entire thing showed in the television is not real. So as the conclusion, television program will affect one behavior but it depends on what kind of television program they watch. As television have negative and positive effect on ones behavior.

10 Some people suggest that the media is causing aggressive behavior while others feel that violence in the media can help reduce an aggressive drive. While testing both of these theories conclusions have proved that the media violence can have both a positive and negative effect on an individual. So from here, its true that television program really got affect the children behavior but the change of behavior maybe a good behavior or a bad behavior. 3.0 CONCLUSION In this research, the researcher focuses on two aspects that will affect the children behavior. That is the parenting styles and the environment aspect. Besides, the researcher also focuses on the children behavior. The hypotheses of this research are the way or type of parenting styles that used by the parents and the environment will affect the children behavior. While, the significant of doing this study is to solve the social problem that happen among children by finding a way that parents can used to shaped the children behavior. Besides, it also will help the researcher to find out the environment factor that will affect the children behavior the most. By doing this research there are some limitation, where the researcher face a problem in distributing the questionnaire to the parents and some of the

questionnaire distributed were not given back by the respondent. While in methodology, the researcher discuss about the method that is used, which the method used is questionnaire to get the data. Then the questionnaire will be analyzed and the result will be discuss in finding. Where the result will be convert into text and graph. The result of this research showed that parents nowadays used authoritative parenting style in raising their children. Where, most of the children whose parents who are authoritative parents are best behave. While children whose parents who are authoritarian parents will be more aggressive and have antisocial behavior. Besides, the parenting styles aspect the result also showed that the environment also got affect on children behavior. 11 Where, the parents attitude at home is the major factor that will affect the children behavior. While peers is the second followed by siblings and mass media. So from the findings, the hypothesis of this research was proven. 3.1 RECOMMENDATION It is recommended that : To do this research , more samples are needed to get more accurate result Interview should be held for parents and children to get more information. Research should be held from both rural area and urban area. Since, there are different way how parents in rural area and urban area in raising their children. Interview somebody that is expert in the field that you are studying.

5.0

APPENDICES QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PARENTS

THE EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLES AND THE ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN BEHAVIOR QUESTIONNAIRE Instruction: Please tick on the relevant answer. GENDER : MALE FEMALE

1. Do you agree that parenting styles and the environment around the children affects children behavior? Yes No

2. Arrange the environment factor which will affect your childs behavior the most. ( 1 most affect , 2 affect , 3 moderate affect and 4 least affect ) Friends Siblings Media mass (television, internet and many more) Parent attitude at home 3. How many hours do you spend with your child each day? 1-2 hour 2-5 hour 5 hour and more

4. How many hours do your children watch television? 1-2 hour 5 or more, please state: .

2-5 hour 5. What television program do your childs usually watch?

.. 13 6. Do you control the amount of time your children watching television? Yes No

Why? 7. Do you control your childs social life outside the school? Yes No

Why? .. .. .. 8. Do you investigate your childs peers background? Yes No

Explain your reason. 9. Have you ever received any complaint(s) from your child school? Never Seldom Frequently What kind of complaints? . . 10. Do you take an interest in the progress of your childs mind and physical development? Yes No

14 11. If your child did something wrong that you didnt like what will you do? Punishing (e.g.: Cane.) Give advice Give warning Scold

15

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN

QUESTIONNAIRES THE EFFECT OF PARENTING STYLES AND THE ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN BEHAVIOR Instruction : Please tick on the relevant answer. GENDER : MALE FEMALE

1. Do you agree that parenting styles and the environment around the children affects children behavior? Yes No

2. What do your parents usually do when you did something wrong or over the rule? Punishing (e.g.: Cane) Give advice Give warning Others, please state: 3. If youve been punish by your parents what will you do? Angry Defend yourself Do more crimes Others, please state: . 4. Do your parents control your behavior and mind? Yes No

16 How do they control? 5. Do your friends influence your behavior and mind? Yes 6. How did your attitude change? 7. What do you usually do at home when your parents both go out? 8. How many hours do you watch television? 1-2 hour 2-4 hour 4 hour and more No

What kind of television program? 9. Did the television program you watch affect your behavior? Yes No

If yes, proceed to the question number 10. If no, proceed to the question number 11. 10. How did your behavior change and change into what? 11. How do you control yourself for not affected by the television program you watch? THANKS FOR YOUR COOPERATION