POLYPHASE SYSTEM - Is simply several single-phase systems which are displaced in time phase from one another.

- Consists of an arrangement with two or more similar single phase system in which the maximum values of the independent voltages do not occur at the same time. Note: In a single phase circuit, the power delivered is pulsating. Even when the current and voltage are in phase, the power is zero twice in each cycle. The pulsating nature of the power in single phase circuit is objectionable main application. Note: The total power in a polyphase phase system is constant if the loads are balanced; this makes polyphase systems highly desirable particularly for power loads. THREE PHASE SYSTEM - Most commonly used polyphase system. It is an interconnection of three single phase systems, whose voltage waves, though similar in amplitude and frequency are displaced 120 electrical degrees apart. Note: In general, the electrical displacement between phases for a balanced N-phase system is 360/N electrical charges. BALANCED WYE LOADS When 3 identical impedances are connected to a common point, they constitute to a common point, they constitute a balanced wye load. If balanced 3 phase voltages are impressed on such a load, it would seem that all impedances should have equal voltage drops across them. PHASE VOLTAGE, Vp

Note: As general rule: all balanced 3 phase circuits are calculated on a per phase basis in exactly the same manner as the corresponding calculations are made for any single phase circuit. Note: In wye connections, line currents are the same as the phase current

IL = IP
March 26, 2011

PHASE SEQUENCE Is the order in which the voltages in a 3 phase system reach their maximum values.

VA: VB: VC: VC:

angle angle angle angle

0 -120 120 -240

Note: The phase voltage of phase number will be taken as the reference (sometimes called the STANDARD PHASE)

BALANCED DELTA LOADS Note: The voltage drop across each impedance is known when the line voltage is given. Hence, the phase currents maybe determined directly as Vp/Zp.

March 26, 2011