Components of a Rainwater Harvesting System

A rainwater collection and storage system is comprised of many components. To produce good quality water all of the components need to be considered together. Rainwater collection systems can be roughly separated into two types - those where the water runs by gravity to the cistern and those where the water runs by gravity to a surge/pump tank and is then pumped to the cistern.

A gravity flow to the cistern (shown at right) is ideal as it requires no power. Gravity flow to a surge tank and pumping to the cistern is a viable alternative where there is dependable hydro service or a back up battery/generator powered energy system.

The Roof

The key to choosing building materials for all parts of a rainwater harvesting system is to select materials that are non toxic and inert (non leaching.) This is particularly true of the roof that is subject to the oxidizing affects of sun and air borne pollutants. Avoid such contamination sources as lead flashings around sky lights or plumbing vents.

metal roof

Water quality from different roof catchments is a function of the type of roof material, climate conditions, and surrounding environment. When choosing a roofing material - the smoother the better. The quantity of rainwater that can be collected is also a function of roof texture. torch on membrane The most common type of roofing material used for rain catchment in British Columbia is galvanized metal that has been painted or enameled with a non-toxic material. Other materials include slate, terracotta tiles or concrete. Asphalt shingles are adequate but produce less water in summer and are harder to keep clean. Beware of the "modern" shingles that contain moss inhibitors if you plan to drink or bathe in the water. Water collected from cedar roofs is acidic for plants and is impractical for indoor use. metal roof with snow guard

metal roof with snow guard asphalt roof

Gutters

Gutters should be made of inert materials. The most common gutters are continuous, baked aluminum gutters made and installed on site. Half-round vinyl is also excellent.

"Hidden gutters" are easy to clean.

When installing gutters make sure that there is a continuous slope towards the downspouts, and that there is no impediment to slow the flow of debris into the downspouts. Areas where the water can pool collect insects, organic materials and bacteria. Think of a gutter as a river - not a wetlands or swamp.

Gutter Guard

The decision to use gutter guard depends on the landscape and the number and type of shedding trees in the area. It keeps some debris out, but it also protects the debris that collects in the gutter, from the sanitizing and self cleaning of sun and wind.

In the Gulf Islands gutter guard is sometimes applied in the spring and fall to protect against arbutus berries, leaves and fir needlesl. The Rainwater Connection has done extensive research on different types of gutter guard and provides several choices. Click for more information on Gutter Guards.

Downspouts

Anything from chains to traditional aluminum downspouts can be used to get the water down from the gutters

Sealed PVC piping is often used close to the ground, and where the water needs to be transported horizontally. This piping must be sized for good flows, storm events, and easy cleaning. Click for more information on Downspouts.

Debris Traps
The Rainwater Connection believes that a series of debris traps and filters and necessary to clean the water as much as possible before it enters storage. For agricultural water a small leaf trap and cleanable pipe systems to catch the larger heavier debris may be all that is required.

Simple Catchement piping photo on photo CD

For potable water systems a series of leaf and debris traps are used as the first step - leaf traps to capture the leaves, needles and berries, and pipe "pigtails" collect the heavier black debris.

The Rainwater Collection has developed several types of debris traps that work well in local conditions. The Rainwater Connection also uses some of the German and Australian equipment. Click for more information on Debris Traps.

Final Sediment Filtration

For potable water systems the water is usually passed through some form of fine mesh screen filter as a final cleaning before entering the storage tank or cistern. These filters would clog up too fast if used on their own, but as part of a system they can significantly improve water quality and reduce cistern cleaning.

Gravity mesh screen versions are used in gravity systems, and can remove suspended particles as small as 150 microns. Even finer filtration can be achieved in a pumped system.

First Flush Diverter

The first flush diverter routes the first flow of water from the catchment surface away from the storage tank. It is designed to fill with contaminated water from a rain event and empty itself over a 24 hour period so that it is ready for the next time it rains This system is used in most parts of the world to improve water quality for potable water systems.

flow past first flush diverter box with valved dripper

First flush diverters ("FFD'S") have been shown to remove up to 80% of the pollutants that collect on the roof or in the gutters and become dissolved or suspended in the water. For example, it removes much of the discolouration and acidity from contact with cedar, arbutus and fir needle debris.

first flush diverter pipe, buried in ground

The amount of water to reject depends on a variety of factors including: Roof and gutter slope Roof material smoothness Rain intensity Preceding dry period Airborne pollutants (dust, smoke, auto exhaust) Tree debris

burried first flush diverter pipe

The rainwater Connection recommends rejecting at least the first 0.02 inch (0.5mm) of rain. This amounts to 10.4 imp gal per 1,000 sq ft of catchment area or 50 litres per 100m2. In extreme cases this is increased to as much as the first 0.04 or 1/25th inch. The Rainwater Connection custom designs first flush diverters to suit individual circumstances. Most are simple flow past boxes or sloped pipes. Some of the Australian versions are also used.

burried first flush diverter pipe at completion

Surge/Pump Tank

Where it is not possible or desirable for the roof water to run by gravity to the cistern it is directed to a surge/pump tank and is pumped to the cistern. The tank sizing depends on the roof size, the pump size and the desired storage capacity if/when the power fails. It can be as small as 100 gallons and use a small oil free submersible pump or it can be over 500 -1000 gallons and the water can be pumped by a remote jet pump.

oil free submersible pump

A simple wall hung catchment system with downspouts to all-in-one debris pails, down into the first flush diverter pipe (before backfill), and when the FFD pipe is full, through the gravity filter and into the 150 gal surge/pump tank. Note the surge tank overflow. Click for more

Catchment System Example

Water Storage

Water storage is the heart of a rainwater system in the Mediterranean climate of the Gulf islands and Vancouver Island. Storage cisterns take many forms. As part of a design process it is important to assess your particular needs and the site opportunities to decide on the best option.

The most common storage tanks are the above ground molded polyethylene tanks ranging in size from 300 to 3,000 gallons. These are the least expensive alternative, but offer relatively little protection from UV sunlight that can affect the quality of stored water. Ensure good access for cleaning and avoid direct sunlight if possible.

Some polyethylene tanks can be partially buried to prevent sunlight penetration, or hidden under decks. Examples show below:

For larger applications, the Rainwater Connection supplies and installs steel polypropylene-lined cisterns 4,000-30,000 gallons that are made of culvert steel, structurally engineered, and easily transportable to most sites. The liner has a water potable rating. (NSF 61). These tanks can be partially buried, tucked away in the woods, or situated under decks. Other storage options include in-ground concrete cisterns (shown below), and ponds.

20,000 Gallon Cistern under Deck 20,000 Gallon Cistern under Deck

Don't forget to consider winterizing measures and specialized fittings for emergency water exits that a pumper fire truck cou hook up to.

Water Disinfection

Treatment of rainwater is often simpler than treating water from wells or surface streams. Rainwater for indoor use requires a filtration and disinfection system to remove such things as parasites, bacteria, and virus from bird droppings, as well as insects, and wind blown materials that are carried onto the roof. Toxins leached from the roofing system can include heavy meta petroleum products, algae, moulds, and yeast. (Note that many these problems are also found in well water).

A rainwater disinfection system can be as simple as particle filters and a UV light.

For added protection and water treatment a BioSand filter can be used. This type passive sand filter uses very little water for its maintenance backflushing process Disinfection and treatment products can be found at www.watertiger.net.

Good Design & Maintenance is the Best Guarantee of Quality Water

Planning ahead and careful design of a rainwater harvesting system will improve water quality and save money in the long - especially for new construction. The Rainwater Connection works closely with their clients to ensure a sensitive design tha balances the need to: Collect as much water as possible Ensure good quality water Facilitate long term maintenance Fit the aesthetic requirements of the client

Rainwater harvesting systems require monthly and seasonal cleaning schedules to optimize water quality. The Rainwater Connection offers Owner's Manuals, 1st year monitoring of system, and annual maintenance contracts. Ease of operation a maintenance is designed into every system.

Panen Air Hujan, Yuk!

oleh: Anissa Q. Aini

Jangan sia-siakan air hujan yang turun ke Bumi. Air ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai keperluan. Rain harvesting atau panen air hujan sebenarnya sudah ada sejak lama, tapi mungkin belum banyak yang tahu. Apa, sih , panen air hujan itu? Sederhananya, panen air hujan adalah menampung air hujan yang turun, untuk dimanfaatkan lagi. Misalnya, untuk menyiram tanaman, mencuci kendaraan, mengepel lantai, atau menyiram toilet. Tidak usah memikirkan cara yang rumit, kita pakai cara yang sederhana saja. Siapkan wadah penampungan. Bisa membuat bak, seperti bak mandi atau drum plastik. Tempatkan di bawah talang air, untuk menampung air hujan yang mengalir dari atap. Seberapa besar bak atau drum yang harus ditempatkan? Sesuaikan saja dengan kebutuhan dan selera. Untuk menyaring air hujan, tempatkan jaring kawat atau kain kasa, di permukaan bak atau drum. Kemudian taburkan batu-batu koral di atas jaringnya. Batu koral berperan sebagai penyaring air hujan, sebelum ditampung. Kalau Anda punya budget lebih, bisa membuat filter serupa filter air kolam. Jadi air hujan bisa tersaring lebih baik. Dengan demikian, air hujan siap untuk digunakan. Supaya mudah untuk mengambil air dari wadah penampungan, buat saluran dengan pipa, dari wadah ke luar. Lengkapi juga dengan keran. Sebaiknya, manfaatkan air hujan yang sudah ditampung untuk keperluan-keperluan non konsumsi. Tidak disarankan memanfaatkannya untuk air minum, karena diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut apakah air hujan aman dikonsumsi atau tidak. Satu lagi, jangan lupa juga untuk menutup rapat dan menguras wadah penampungan secara teratur. Supaya tidak jadi sarang nyamuk demam berdarah Nah , mumpung sekarang musim hujan. Kita panen air hujan, yuk ! Buat mencuci kendaraan atau mengepel lantai, kita gak perlu ambil air PAM atau air tanah. Jadi, kita bisa menghemat pengeluaran untuk air.
AtAU (OUTPUT LEBIH BAIK) NAMUN BIAYA MAHAL

(ALAT) Filter Penyaringan & Penjernihan Air Bersih / Sumur Bor / Tanah untuk Rumah Tangga

(Alat) Filter Penyaringan & Penjernihan Air sangat diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih Rumah Tangga, terutama untuk yang tinggal di kawasan perkotaan.

Dengan Melihat besarnya peran dan fungsi air bersih dalam kehidupan sehari-hari terutama di daerah perkotaan, KAMILA fresh water filter telah berhasil menciptakan alat / filter untuk penyaringan & penjernihan air yang sudah teruji secara ilmiah dan mampu menyerap kotoran lebih banyak serta menghilangkan bau, warna, kuman, besi, mangan, dll. Apakah air tanah (sumur bor) Anda kurang bersih dan memiliki kadar besi yang tinggi? Atau Anda memiliki masalah dengan air tanah (sumur bor) yang berwarna kuning?

Dengan banyaknya permasalahan mengenai air bersih terutama di pusat-pusat kota dan kawasan industri, limbah industri biasanya merupakan penyebab utama penurunan kualitas air bersih sehingga air baku dirumah Anda tidak dapat langsung digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari karena tidak memenuhi standar air bersih. Masalah yang sering sekali muncul adalah air Anda nampak jernih ketika keluar dari kran, namun setelah beberapa saat akan nampak berwarna kuning, bahkan dalam jangka waktu lama akan membentuk endapan kuning dan menempel didasar bak penampungan air, apakah hal itu terjadi pula pada Anda? Jika demikian berarti air Anda mengandung besi (Fe). Besi dalam air berupa ion Fe2+ kemudian besi di bak penampungan air tersebut berinteraksi dengan udara bebas sehingga teroksidasi menjadi ion Fe3+ dan berwarna kuning. Besar kecilnya kandungan besi dirumah Anda dapat dilihat dari intensitas warna kuning yang terbentuk. Tingginya kadar besi selain berbahaya untuk kesehatan juga warna kuning yang terbentuk merusak nilai estetika. Tentunya Anda tidak menginginkan air Anda berwarna kuning kotor bukan?

Kami memberikan solusi yang terjangkau untuk masalah Anda:

Kamila Fresh berpengalaman dalam produksi Karbon Aktif sebagai media penyaring air, menghadirkan produk yang sudah banyak digunakan terutama di wilayah kota-kota besar. Alat/Filter Penyaring & Penjernih Air yang kami produksi akan membantu menyelesaikan masalah air rumah Anda, oleh sebab itu alat ini didukung dengan media sbb: ZEOLITE, berfungsi untuk menjerniihkan air dan menghilangkan bau. FERROLITE / MANGANESE, berfungsi untuk menghilangkan kandungan besi (Fe) pada air dengan kadar tinggi dan bau besi yang menyengat, juga menghilangkan mangan (Mn2t) dan warna kuning pada air. KARBON AKTIF, sangat effektif menjernihkan dan menyerap bau, rasa serta racun pada air. SILICA, berfungsi untuk menjernihkan air. Media-media ini akan bekerja menyaring dan menjernihkan air rumah Anda sampai pada tahap aman untuk dipakai. Sedangkan untuk pemasangan, anda tidak perlu khawatir biarkan team kami semua yang mengerjakan sampai terpasang semua tanpa ada biaya tambahan. Proses pemasangan Alat Penyaring Air ini sangat sederhana, bisa diletakkan pada penampungan air ataupun pada pompa airnya, seperti gambar dibawah ini.

Untuk Anda yang memiliki masalah pada air rumah tangga, kantor, pabrik, apapun keluhannya segera hubungi kami, kami berikan GARANSI sampai air Anda bersih dan jernih. Bila tidak berhasil Anda tidak membayar sepeserpun kepada kami. Untuk menghubungi kami, klik disini Untuk mengetahui harga Alat / Filter Penyaring & Penjernih Air dan Karbon Aktif, kli

COMPONENTS SYSTEM

OF

RAINWATER

HARVESTING

A rainwater harvesting system comprises components of various stages - transporting rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration, and storage in tanks for reuse or recharge. The common components of a rainwater harvesting system involved in these stages are illustrated here.
Source: A water harvesting manual for urban areas

1. Catchments: The catchment of a water harvesting

system is the surface which directly receives the rainfall and provides water to the system. It can be a paved area like a terrace or courtyard of a building, or an unpaved area like a lawn or open ground. A roof made of reinforced cement concrete (RCC), galvanised iron or corrugated sheets can also be used for water harvesting.

2. Coarse mesh at the roof to prevent the passage

of debris

3.

Gutters:

Channels all around the edge of a sloping roof to collect and transport rainwater to the storage tank. Gutters can be semi-circular or rectangular and could be made using:

Locally available material such as plain galvanised iron sheet (20 to 22 gauge), folded to required shapes. Semi-circular gutters of PVC material can be readily prepared by cutting those pipes into two equal semi-circular channels. Bamboo or betel trunks cut vertically in half.

Source: A water harvesting manual for urban areas

The size of the gutter should be according to the flow during the highest intensity rain. It is advisable to make them 10 to 15 per cent oversize. Gutters need to be supported so they do not sag or fall off when loaded with water. The way in which gutters are fixed depends on the construction of the house; it is possible to fix iron or timber brackets into the walls, but for houses having wider eaves, some method of attachment to the rafters is necessary.

4.

Conduits

Conduits are pipelines or drains that carry rainwater from the catchment or rooftop area to the harvesting system. Conduits can be of any material like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or galvanized iron (GI), materials that are commonly available. The following table gives an idea about the diameter of pipe required for draining out rainwater based on rainfall intensity and roof area:

Sizing of rainwater pipe for roof drainage Diameter Of pipe (mm)

50 50 65 75 13.4 24.1 40.8

Average rate of rainfall in mm/h

75 8.9 16.0 27.0

100 6.6 12.0 20.4

125 5.3 9.6 16.3

150 4.4 8.0 13.6

200 3.3 6.0 10.2

100 125 150

mm/

85.4 h -

57.0 -

42.7 80.5 millimeters

34.2 64.3 per

28.5 53.5 83.6

hour;

21.3 40.0 62.7

m meters

Source: National Building Code

5.

First-flushing

A first flush device is a valve that ensures that runoff from the first spell of rain is flushed out and does not enter the system. This needs to be done since the first spell of rain carries a relatively larger amount of pollutants from the air and catchment surface.

Source: A water harvesting manual for urban areas

6.

Filter

The filter is used to remove suspended pollutants from rainwater collected over roof. A filter unit is a chamber filled with filtering media such as fibre, coarse sand and gravel layers to remove debris and dirt from water before it enters the storage tank or recharge structure. Charcoal can be added for additional filtration. (i) Charcoal water filter A simple charcoal filter can be made in a drum or an earthen pot. The filter is made of gravel, sand and charcoal, all of which are easily available.

Source: A water harvesting manual for urban areas

(ii) Sand filters Sand filters have commonly available sand as filter media. Sand filters are easy and inexpensive to construct. These filters can be employed for treatment of water to effectively remove turbidity (suspended particles like silt and clay), colour

and microorganisms.

In a simple sand filter that can be constructed domestically, the top layer comprises coarse sand followed by a 5-10 mm layer of gravel followed by another 5-25 cm layer of gravel and boulders. (ii. a) Dewas Source: A water harvesting manual for urban filters areas Most residents in Dewas, Madhya Pradesh, have wells in their houses. Formerly, all that those wells would do was extract groundwater. But then, the district administration of Dewas initiated a groundwater recharge scheme. The rooftop water was collected and allowed to pass through a filter system called the Dewas fillter, designed by Mohan Rao , district collecter of Dewas, and engineers of the rural engineering services. The water thus filtered is put into the service tubewell. The filter consists of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe 140 mm in diameter and 1.2m long. There are three chambers. The first purification chamber has pebbles varying between 2-6 mm, the second chamber has slightly larger pebbles, between 6 and 12 mm and the third chamber has the largest - 12-20 mm pebbles. There is a mesh at the outflow side through which clean water flows out after passing through the three chambers. The cost of this filter unit is Rs 600. Filter for large rooftops When rainwater is harvested in a large rooftop area, the filtering system should accommodate the excess flow. A system is designed with three concentric circular chambers in which the outer chamber is filled with sand, the middle one with coarse aggregate and

the inner-most layer with pebbles. This way the area of filtration is increased for sand, in relation to coarse aggregate and pebbles. Rainwater reaches the centre core and is collected in the sump where it is treated with few tablets of chlorine and is made ready for consumption. This system was designed by R Jeyakumar
(Source: Jeyakumar; Rain water Harvest Manual P-21)

Varun:
S Vishwanath, a Bangalore water harvesting expert, has developed a rainwater filter "VARUN". According to him, from a decently clean roof 'VARUN' can handle a 50 mm per hour intensity rainfall from a 50 square metre roof area. This means the product is relatively standardised. For new house builders we therefore can recommend the number of downpipes they have to optimise

on and the number of filters they will need. 'VARUN' is made from a 90 litre High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) drum. The lid is turned over and holes are puched in it. This is the first sieve which keeps out large leaves, twigs etc. Rainwater coming out of the lid sieve then passes through three layers of sponge and a 150 mm thick layer of coarse sand. Presence of sponge makes the cleaning process very easy. Remove the first layer of sponge and soak /clean it in a bucket of water (which you then don't waste but use it for plants). The sand needs no cleaning at all. The basic cost of the filter is about Rs 2250/-

ii. b. Horizontal roughing filter and slow sand filter The introducton of horizontal roughing filter and slow sand filter (HRF/SSF) to treat surface water has made safe drinking water available in coastal pockets of Orissa. The major components of this filter are described below. 1) Filter channel : One square metre in crosssection and eight m in length, laid across the tank embankment, the filter channel consists of three uniform compartments, the first packed with broken bricks, the second with coarse sand, followed by fine sand in the third compartment. The HRF usually consists of filter material like gravel and coarse sand that successively decreases in size from 25 mm to 4 mm. The bulk of solids in the incoming water is separated by this coarse filter media or HRF. At every outlet and inlet point of the channel, fine graded mesh is implanted to prevent entry of finer materials into the sump. The length of a channel varies according to the nature of the site selected for the sump. 2) Sump: A storage provision to collect filtered water from the tank through the filter channel for storage and collection. While HRF acts as a physical filter and is applied to retain solid matter, SSF is primarily a biological filter, used to kill microbes in the water. Both filter types are generally stable, making full use of the natural purification process of harvested surface water and do not require any chemicals. For more details: Making Water Everybody's Business

iii. Rain PC AcquaSure, a consortium of three specialist Netherlands-based companies, has developed a system for the conversion of rainwater to drinking water in the form of a Rainwater Purification Centre (RainPC). RainPC is developed by scaling down the multi-staged water treatment method (MST), which involves screening, flocculation sedimentation and filtration and incorporating existing technologies like upward flow fine filtration, absorption and ion exchange. Coming in a small compact 26 kg unit, the RainPC offers an affordable solution by converting rainwater into drinking water. RainPC is made of ultra violet resistant poly-ethylene housing and cover, stainless steel rods and bolts, a nickel-brass valve and an adapter for maintaining constant volume. Xenotex-A and activated carbon catridges along with ultra membrane filtration or micro-membrane filtration modules incorporated in the RainPC has the capacity to deal with E-coli and the potential of meeting the Dutch as well as World Health Organisations (WHO) water regulation standards. The components can also be transported individually to be assembled at the site. Three product types are available based on their microbial contaminant removal capacity. This technology is ideally suited for virtually any situation and is a blessing particularly for those who have little or no access to regular safe drinking water.

The salient features of Rain PC are:

Simple straight-forward installation Easy to operate and maintain Needs no power and operates at low gravity pressure (0.1 bar upward). The system is capable of providing a constant flow of about 40 liters of rainwater per hour, enough for a family of five for drinking, cooking and bathing purposes. Maintains nearly constant volume irrespective of water pressure. The Xenotex-A and activated carbon cartridge processes up to 20,000 liters and can be regenerated up to 10 times. Cost per 1000 litres is as low as US$ 2 to 3.

(The above information is as per the manufacturers' claims and not based on any study by CSE.) For further information Email: cleanwater@aquasure.nl iv. Rainwater harvester EA Water Pvt Ltd has launched a unique Rainwater Harvester, which filters runoff water from roads, which generally contains oil and grease. This system has been installed in the Gymkhana club, Sector-15, Faridabad, Haryana. Rajit Malohtra, project in charge, of this company explained that the water harvesting system installed at the club has a sand filter, which filters silt from runoff harvested from roof, lawns and parking area. The cost of the filter is around Rs 60,000.

For more EA Water 504 Mehrauli-Gurgaon Sultanpur New Phone: Website: www.eawater.com

details, PVT empire

contact Limited, apartments, Road, 030 011-2680062

Delhi-110

Filters available in the German Market According to Wessels (1994), concerns over the possible negative health effects of rainwater utilisation led to some opposition. The Federal Office of Health, for example, intially objected to its use for washing clothes, personal hygiene and even for toilet flushing, due to possible risks of infection and allergic reactions. Long-term investigations by the health offices in Hamburg and Bremen, however, have yielded positive results with respect to the use of water for washing purposes and have confirmed that rainwater sources do not present a health risk. (i) Filters developed by WISY Private companies such as WISY, based in Kefenrod in Germany, are playing an important role in promoting rainwater use by developing pumps and filter devices to improve water quality. WISY has developed a simple filter system, which can be attached to a standard household downpipe. Under conditions in Germany (assuming a mean annual rainfall of 650mm/year), this can divert and filter 90 per cent of the runoff from a roof area of up to 200 square metre. (fig a). A filter collector diverts 90 per cent of rainwater to a storage tank through a 0.17 mm stainless steel mesh filter. (fig b). A larger fine filter can cope with from roof areas of up square vortex run-off to 500 metre.

(a)

(fig c). A floating fine suction filter for ensuring that the water pumped from the tank is extracted from the cleanest (b) part of the tank and is free of particulates has also been developed.

For details contact: WISY (Winkler system) OT Hitzkirchen, Oberdorfstrasse 26, D-63699, Kefendrod-Hitzkirchen Germany; fax:+60-54-912129 Wisyag@t-online.de
(Source: John Gould and Erik Nissen-Petersen, 1999: Rainwater Catchment Systems for Domestic Supply - Design, Construction and Implementation, Intermediate Technology Group)

(c)

(ii) Filters developed by MALLBETON Another company, MALLBETON, a manufacturer of concrete

Contoh untuk jenis filter yg sesuai (contoh lain)

From: Budi Prasojo Sent: Wednesday, September 14, 2011 9:52 AM To: Ecep Komarudin (ecep.komarudin@pertamina.com); Emin Bunyamin Subject: Desian Sederhana untuk Penampung air Hujan

Rain Harvest

rain harvest? yah menampung air hujan! (perhatikan bahwa tampungan pertama yg umumnya kotor dibuat system sederhana untuk dibuang (mas wan Dhamar ini bisa untuk SS)..Cara menampung air hujan yang lebih baik (menggunakan filter)

Rainkeeper Downspout Filter Perfect for smaller systems with a maximum roof area of 115m2 (per downspout). Leaves and debris are continuously and reliably filtered out through a unique two stage cascade filter. Water flow is not altered as rainwater enters the top of the filter and exits the bottom with dirt and debris being discharged out the front. Installed in the lower section of the downspout for easy monitoring and discharge of debris. Filter unit is easily removed for cleaning. Housing and inner parts are made of high quality, recyclable, PE plastic with the filter material made from 550mm stainless steel mesh. Advantages of this product: Easy installation Secure reliable operation Simple to maintain Great performance at a great price

Rainkeeper Downspout Collection Filter This clever product is a perfect match for rainbarrels or smaller storage tanks. Leaves and debris that cause sludge build up and poor water quality are removed through a Stainless Steel mesh, allowing the cleaned water to enter the rain barrel or storage tank. Easy to install into existing rectangle or round downspouts. Provides side discharge of filtered rainwater. Dirt and debris continue through the downspout. Made from tough, durable, and recyclable PE plastic. Easy to maintain with removable filter cartridge. The benefits of using rainwater in the garden are: plants grow better in pure rainwater no unnatural hardness or chlorine in rainwater rain can be stored near the points of use saves money, helps conserve wetlands For best results use only filtered rainwater as the water will be cleaner to use with no odor or sludge build up in the bottom of your tank, reducing the risk of bacteria growth and eliminating clogged drain valves. Available in Black, Brown, or Gray.

Rainkeeper Cistern Filter Ideally suited for small to mid size systems where filter installation inside the storage tank is desired. Incoming water from a maximum roof area of 200m2 , is continuously filtered through a two stage cleaning system. The first stage removes larger debris such as leaves and other organic matter, which protects the finer second stage from clogging. After the finer particles are removed in the second stage the clean water flows into the storage tank through the calmed inlet. A small amount of water carries the dirt into the overflow of the tank. Two stage filter is easily removed for cleaning or can be automatically cleaned with installation of a Back Washing Device. Filter housing is made of high quality, recyclable, PE plastic, with the two stage filter material made from stainless steel. Height difference between the filter inlet and outlet is just 117 mm. This filter works well in combination with the RainKeeper Duo Siphon as the overflow device. 1: Rainwater arrives at the first stage of filtration.

2: Leaves and larger dirt particles are washed away with a small amount of water. 3: Pre-filtered rainwater containing finer dirt particles then passes through the second(finer) filtration stage where finer particles are washed away with a small amount of water and the clean water flows to the rainwater storage tank. 4: Filtered rainwater is led through a flow calming inlet into the rainwater storage tank. 5: Dirt is quickly washed away due to the steep incline and smooth surface structure of the fine filter.

Rainkeeper Volume Filter The Self-Cleaning Filter: Innovation By Design Rainwater filter for small to mid-size systems where underground installation is desired. Unique dual cascade filtration provides a high level of filtering efficiency, independent of flow rate, for roof areas to 450 m2. Self cleaning, low maintenance filter provides continuous filtering of dirt particles to .55mm. Extension tube is adjustable from 250mm to 750mm and includes a lid that will support pedestrian loading. Filter housing is frost resistant and made out of high quality, recyclable, PE plastic, with the secondary mesh made from stainless steel. 1: As rainwater arrives, the water level builds up until it overtops the filter lip, providing equal distribution across the full width of the filter cascade. 2: Larger debris is removed by the filter cascade and washed downstream with a small amount of rainwater. 3: Pre-filtered water falls through the filter cascade and flows over a secondary filter sieve (mesh size 0.55 mm)removing the finer particles. Due to the special structure of the sieve mesh, any dirt is washed directly downstream making the filter self cleaning, with minimal maintenance required. 4: Cleaned water flows to the rainwater storage tank. 5: Dirty water flows downstream.

Rainkeeper Basket Filter Rainwater filter for small to mid-size harvesting systems where all dirt from roof areas up to 250m2 is retained in a stainless steel basket. Can be installed within a rainwater storage tank or in the ground before the tank using the Telescopic Extension Set with lid. Rainwater may enter the filter from either or both of the inlets or one inlet may be used as an emergency overflow.

Rainkeeper Industrial Filter Rainwater filter for large roof areas where underground installation is desired. Unique dual cascade filtration provides a high level of filtering efficiency, independent of flow rate, for roof areas starting at 850 m2. Self cleaning, low maintenance filter insert provides continuous filtering of dirt particles to .55mm. Filter is located in a concrete manhole or vault. Quality constructed out of stainless steel for lasting operation. Filter insert can be easily removed for cleaning. 1: As rainwater arrives, the water level builds up until it overtops the filter lip, providing equal distribution across the full width of the filter cascade. 2: Larger debris is removed by the filter cascade and washed downstream with a small amount of rainwater. 3: Pre-filtered water falls through the filter cascade and flows over a secondary filter sieve (mesh size 0.55 mm)removing the finer particles. Due to the special structure of the sieve mesh, any dirt is washed directly downstream making the filter self cleaning, with minimal maintenance required. 4: Cleaned water flows to the rainwater storage tank. 5: Dirty water flows downstream.

Rainkeeper Floating Inlet Filter An air-filled ball suspends the floating inlet filter just below the water surface where the cleanest water resides. A high quality 1 dia flexible hose allows for connection of the floating inlet to a pump or suction line. Filter is made out of lead-free brass with a 1.2 mm stainless steel screen and a built in check valve.

Rainwater Recycling

I have now perfected a method of using rainwater to flush two toilets in the house. I had been inspired by the, now outdated, details at the Ecocentre which described a method of using rainwater for flushing the toilet. Unfortunately this project got off to a bad start. I got a system working which pumped our well water up into an additional holding tank in the loft, which in turn supplied two toilets in the house with well water. Unfortunately although the well water is fine for watering the garden, the amount of sediment caused a high level of domestic disapproval as the toilet flushing water was a distinctly wee-like colour! When compared to the clinical whiteness of our new bathroom suite, a fast return to mains water was insisted on.

A water filter was installed in the system, but this lasted only one week before the water was again unacceptable. Below are the details of my latest improved rainwater harvesting system.

The rainwater harvesting project has moved a stage further on as I have acquired a 1000 litre IBC tank and a 12 volt pump, shown above. The tank came from eBay at 30 and the pump, brand new, at a bit more. Check eBay auctions for a suitable water tank. You can find a suitable pressure pump too. Look for one with around 30 psi capability if you need to pump to an upstairs or loft tank. The tank was supplied bare on a wooden pallet, so I have boxed it in with weatherboard, built to look like a little shed. The inlet filter was a Drainsmart, which removed the worst of the leaves and sediment before they entered the tank. There is a high level float switch in the loft tank controlling a relay to operate the pump when water is required, but another low level float switch to stop it if the garden tank is low.

The Drainsmart filter worked quite well, but needed cleaning manually after each rain shower. So I have replaced it with a 3P Technik Filter Collector which is fantastic as it is self-cleaning and requires only occasional inspection by means of an easy access port at the side. This unit is much cheaper than the German Wisy rainwater filter. I am pleased to say that I can now offer these filters at only 49.99 including UK delivery. Click the button above to buy. Read more information on the 3P Rainwater Filter Collector. Here is a large pdf of the 3P Filter Collector.

Calmed Inlet Water leaving the filter enters the storage tank through the 'calmed inlet'. The inlet prevents the disturbance and re-suspension of fine sediments that gather on the bottom of the tank. Another important function of the inlet is the introduction of oxygen into the lower layers of the tank which maintains a fresh supply of water while preventing anaerobic conditions from forming.

Mono/Duo Overflow Siphons Once a maximum level is reached in the tank, the innovative overflow siphon, with its skimmer effect, removes particles lighter than water (e.g. flower pollen, oils, etc.) that float slowly to the water surface. Removing this floating layer of surface pollutants through regular overflow from the tank is important in order to maintain high quality water and allowance of oxygen diffusion at the water surface. The narrow slits in the overflow siphon prevent rodents from entering the tank. Mono and Duo models are pictured here. The Mono unit is used when the filter is located somewhere outside the tank and the Duo unit is normally used in combination with the RainKeeper Cistern Filter as shown in the diagram.

Standard Overflow Siphon Once a maximum level is reached in the tank, the innovative overflow siphon, with its skimmer effect, removes particles lighter than water (e.g. flower pollen, oils, etc.) that float slowly to the water surface. Removing this floating layer of surface pollutants through regular overflow from the tank is important in order to maintain high quality water and allowance of oxygen diffusion at the water surface. The narrow slits in the overflow siphon prevent rodents from entering the tank. This model is well-suited for PE tanks.

Flexible Suction Hose with Floating Inlet Filter An air-filled ball suspends the floating inlet filter just below the water surface where the cleanest water resides. A high quality 1-inch diameter flexible hose allows for connection of the floating inlet to a pump or suction line. Filter is made out of lead-free brass with a 1.2 mm stainless steel screen and a built in check valve. Flexible suction hose is specially formulated to resist biological activity and is available in custom lengths.