Delegation: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Committee: Disarmament and International Security Committee Topic A: Targeted Killings The delegate

of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, speaking on behalf of the government, acknowledges that targeted killing is one of the very commonly used counter-terrorism measures in the present day and arguably the most effective one. Yet, its legitimacy remains questionable. The effectiveness of targeted killing is advertised in the light of this method being least bad, when compared with other counter-terrorism methods like wars or armed attacks on civilizations, with least collateral damage and more precision. However, most countries have been keeping the information related to such attacks and even the identity of those killed completely confidential. Due to this, the claims of precision and minimization of collateral damage remain uncertain. There exists no way to assure the public that these targeted killings are not meant for a hidden motive of a particular state. There is no legal hierarchy as to which method of targeted killing should be preferably used and when. The delegate would like to express gratitude towards the USA for their continued counter-terrorism efforts in Afghanistan. Being a country which has been a victim of terrorism to a large extent in the past, Afghanistan strongly supports three theories to make progress towards peace - 1.) To safeguard the country and its citizens from being the victims of any terrorist activities; 2.) To help safeguard any of its allied countries from being a victim of terrorist activities; 3.) To ensure that no terrorists are being harboured and no terrorism originates from within the soil of Afghanistan. Afghanistan recognizes the need of elimination of anti-peace and anti-social figures before they are able to harm the international community. This considerably necessitates the use of targeted killings, and hence the Afghan government supports this activity owing to the cause of eliminating terrorism. However, Afghanistan understands that these activities can be used for illicit purposes too, and hence, there should be a system to hold the state accountable for its behaviour, verify the constitutionality of the activities and to regulate a compensation mechanism for the collateral damage done. Possible solutions towards controlling how these attacks take place may include intervention of an unbiased international body that should be under or in collaboration with the UN. This body must undertake the responsibility of holding the attacking nation accountable with respect to 1.) Proving the maximization of precision and minimization of collateral damage - In case of no or not enough proof for the same, the government of the attacking country must provide compensation in monetary and damage repair form; 2.) Justifying the legitimacy of its attack - in case not justified, then, in addition to the providing compensation, the attacking state must be reprimanded using economic or trade sanctions. Needless to say, every government is answerable to its citizens in case of any is damage caused by an attack on their soil, and hence, every government must seek the reason behind any targeted killing that takes place in their country, assess the amount of collateral damage and if needed, seek compensation. For this, each and every nation, for or against targeted killing, must support the formation and function of the aforementioned international body.